TY - JOUR T1 - Cross-site comparisons of dryland ecosystem response to climate change in the US Long-Term Ecological Research Network JF - BioScience Y1 - 2022 A1 - Hudson, Amy R. A1 - Debra P. C. Peters A1 - J.M. Blair A1 - Childers, Daniel L. A1 - Peter T. Doran A1 - Geil, Kerrie A1 - Michael N. Gooseff A1 - Gross, Katherine L. A1 - Haddad, Nick M. A1 - Pastore, Melissa A. A1 - Rudgers, Jennifer A. A1 - Osvaldo E. Sala A1 - Seabloom, Eric W. A1 - Shaver, Gaius KW - ANPP KW - climate change KW - Disturbance KW - drought KW - LTER KW - wildfire AB -

Long-term observations and experiments in diverse drylands reveal how ecosystems and services are responding to climate change. To develop generalities about climate change impacts at dryland sites, we compared broadscale patterns in climate and synthesized primary production responses among the eight terrestrial, nonforested sites of the United States Long-Term Ecological Research (US LTER) Network located in temperate (Southwest and Midwest) and polar (Arctic and Antarctic) regions. All sites experienced warming in recent decades, whereas drought varied regionally with multidecadal phases. Multiple years of wet or dry conditions had larger effects than single years on primary production. Droughts, floods, and wildfires altered resource availability and restructured plant communities, with greater impacts on primary production than warming alone. During severe regional droughts, air pollution from wildfire and dust events peaked. Studies at US LTER drylands over more than 40 years demonstrate reciprocal links and feedbacks among dryland ecosystems, climate-driven disturbance events, and climate change.

UR - https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/advance-article/doi/10.1093/biosci/biab134/6654840 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns and trends of organic matter processing and transport: Insights from the US Long-term Ecological Research Network JF - Climate Change Ecology Y1 - 2021 A1 - Harms, Tamara K. A1 - Groffman, Peter M. A1 - Aluwihare, Lihini A1 - Craft, Christopher A1 - Wieder, William R A1 - Hobbie, S A1 - Baer, Sara G. A1 - J.M. Blair A1 - Frey, Serita D. A1 - Remucal, Christina K. A1 - Rudgers, Jennifer A. A1 - Collins, SL A1 - Kominoski, John S. A1 - Ball, Becky A1 - John C. Priscu A1 - John E. Barrett KW - coupled biogeochemical cycles KW - cross-site synthesis KW - organic matter composition KW - organic matter storage KW - stabilization KW - transport AB -

Organic matter (OM) dynamics determine how much carbon is stored in ecosystems, a service that modulates climate. We synthesized research from across the US Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network to assemble a conceptual model of OM dynamics that is consistent with inter-disciplinary perspectives and emphasizes vulnerability of OM pools to disturbance. Guided by this conceptual model, we identified unanticipated patterns and long-term trends in processing and transport of OM emerging from terrestrial, freshwater, wetland, and marine ecosystems. Cross-ecosystem synthesis combined with a survey of researchers revealed several themes: 1) strong effects of climate change on OM dynamics, 2) surprising patterns in OM storage and dynamics resulting from coupling with nutrients, 3) characteristic and often complex legacies of land use and disturbance, 4) a significant role of OM transport that is often overlooked in terrestrial ecosystems, and 5) prospects for reducing uncertainty in forecasting OM dynamics by incorporating the chemical composition of OM. Cross-fertilization of perspectives and approaches across LTER sites and other research networks can stimulate the comprehensive understanding required to support large-scale characterizations of OM budgets and the role of ecosystems in regulating global climate.

VL - 2 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666900521000253 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Soil invertebrates T2 - Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research Y1 - 1999 A1 - David C. Coleman A1 - J.M. Blair A1 - Elliot, E A1 - Diana H. Wall JF - Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research PB - Oxford University Press CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Soil invertebrates as indicators of soil quality T2 - Methods for assessing soil quality Y1 - 1996 A1 - J.M. Blair A1 - Patrick J. Bohlen A1 - Diana W. Freckman ED - J. W. Doran ED - A.J. Jones JF - Methods for assessing soil quality PB - Soil Science Society of America CY - Madison, WI ER -