@article {4420, title = {A global database of soil nematode abundance and functional group composition}, journal = {Scientific Data}, volume = {7}, year = {2020}, month = {03/2020}, abstract = {

As the most abundant animals on earth, nematodes are a dominant component of the soil community. they play critical roles in regulating biogeochemical cycles and vegetation dynamics within and across landscapes and are an indicator of soil biological activity. Here,\ we present a comprehensive global dataset of soil nematode abundance and functional group composition. This dataset includes 6,825 georeferenced soil samples from all continents and biomes. For geospatial mapping purposes these samples are aggregated into 1,933 unique 1-km pixels, each of which is linked to 73 global environmental covariate data layers. Altogether,\ this dataset can help to gain insight into the spatial distribution patterns of soil nematode abundance and community composition, and the environmental drivers shaping these patterns.

}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1038/s41597-020-0437-3}, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0437-3}, author = {van den Hoogen, Johan and Geisen, Stefan and Diana H. Wall and Wardle, D and Traunspurger, Walter and de Goede, Ron G. M. and Byron Adams and Ahmad, Wasim and Ferris, Howard and Richard D. Bardgett and Bonkowski, Michael and Campos-Herrera, Raquel and Cares, Juvenil E. and Caruso, Tancredi and de Brito Caixeta, Larissa and Chen, Xiaoyun and Costa, Sofia R. and Creamer, Rachel and da Cunha e Castro, Jos{\'e} and Dam, Marie and Djigal, Djibril and Escuer, Miguel and Griffiths, Bryan S. and Guti{\'e}rrez, Carmen and Hohberg, Karin and Kalinkina, Daria and Kardol, Paul and Kergunteuil, Alan and Korthals, Gerard and Krashevska, Valentyna and Kudrin, Alexey A. and Li, Qi and Liang, Wenju and Magilton, Matthew and Marais, Mariette and Mart{\'\i}n, Jos{\'e} Antonio Rodr{\'\i}guez and Matveeva, Elizaveta and Mayad, El Hassan and Mzough, E. and Mulder, Christian and Mullin, Peter and Neilson, Roy and Nguyen, T. A. Duong and Uffe N. Nielsen and Okada, Hiroaki and Rius, Juan Emilio Palomares and Pan, Kaiwen and Peneva, Vlada and Pellissier, Lo{\"\i}c and Carlos Pereira da Silva, Julio and Pitteloud, Camille and Powers, Thomas O. and Powers, Kirsten and Quist, Casper W. and Rasmann, Sergio and Moreno, Sara S{\'a}nchez and Scheu, Stefan and Set{\"a}l{\"a}, Heikki and Sushchuk, Anna and Tiunov, Alexei V. and Trap, Jean and Vesterg{\r a}rd, Mette and Villenave, Cecile and Waeyenberge, Lieven and Wilschut, Rutger and Wright, Daniel G. and Keith, Aidan M. and Yang, Jiue-in and Schmidt, Olaf and Bouharroud, R. and Ferji, Z. and van der Putten, Wim H. and Routh, Devin and Crowther, Thomas Ward} } @article {4153, title = {Biotic interactions are an unexpected yet critical control on the complexity of an abiotically driven polar ecosystem}, journal = {Communications Biology}, volume = {2}, year = {2019}, month = {02/2019}, abstract = {

Abiotic and biotic factors control ecosystem biodiversity, but their relative contributions remain unclear. The ultraoligotrophic ecosystem of the Antarctic Dry Valleys, a simple yet highly heterogeneous ecosystem, is a natural laboratory well-suited for resolving the abiotic and biotic controls of community structure. We undertook a multidisciplinary investigation to capture ecologically relevant biotic and abiotic attributes of more than 500 sites in the Dry Valleys, encompassing observed landscape heterogeneities across more than 200 km2. Using richness of autotrophic and heterotrophic taxa as a proxy for functional complexity, we linked measured variables in a parsimonious yet comprehensive structural equation model that explained significant variations in biological complexity and identified landscape-scale and fine-scale abiotic factors as the primary drivers of diversity. However, the inclusion of linkages among functional groups was essential for constructing the best-fitting model. Our findings support the notion that biotic interactions make crucial contributions even in an extremely simple ecosystem.

}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1038/s42003-018-0274-5}, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-018-0274-5}, author = {Charles K. Lee and Laughlin, Daniel C. and Bottos, Eric M. and Caruso, Tancredi and Joy, Kurt and John E. Barrett and Brabyn, Lars and Uffe N. Nielsen and Byron Adams and Diana H. Wall and D. W. Hopkins and Pointing, Steve B. and McDonald, Ian R. and Cowan, Don A. and Banks, Jonathan C. and Stichbury, Glen A. and Jones, Irfon and Zawar-Reza, Peyman and Katurji, Marwan and Hogg, Ian D. and Sparrow, Ashley D. and Storey, Bryan C. and Allan Green, T. G. and Craig S Cary} } @article {4373, title = {The hydroecology of an ephemeral wetland in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica}, journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences}, year = {2019}, month = {11/2019}, abstract = {

The McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) is a polar desert on the coast of East Antarctica where ephemeral wetlands become hydrologically active during warm and sunny summers when sub-surface flows are generated from melting snowfields. To understand the structure and function of polar wetland ecosystems, we investigated the hydroecology of one such wetland, the Wormherder Creek wetland, during the warm and sunny summer of 2008 \– 2009, when the wetland was hydrologically reactivated. Conservative tracer (LiCl) was injected for a 2-hour period into a stream above the wetland to determine flow path orientations and hydrologic residence times. Tracer results indicated that surface water is rapidly exchanged with wetland groundwater and wetland residence times may exceed two austral summers. Major ion concentrations were uniform in samples from surface water and shallow groundwater throughout the wetland. Microbial mats in the wetland had high autotrophic index values (the ratios of chlorophyll a [Chl-a]/ash-free dry mass [AFDM]), ranging from 9-38 μg Chl-a/mg AFDM, indicative of actively photosynthesizing mat communities. The diatom communities in the mats were relatively uniform compared to those in mats from regularly flowing MDV streams, with four endemic and one widespread diatom taxa of the genus Luticola accounting for an average of 86\% of the community. These results indicate that the hydrologic characteristics of the wetland contribute to uniform geochemical conditions. In turn, uniform geochemical conditions may explain the high autotrophic index values of the microbial mats and relatively low spatial variation of the diatom community.

}, keywords = {LTER-MCM, Antarctica, desert hydrology, diatom biodiversity, hyporheic interactions, wetlands}, doi = {10.1029/2019JG005153}, url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019JG005153}, author = {Wlostowski, Adam and Schulte, Nicholas O. and Byron Adams and Ball, Becky and Rhea M.M. Esposito and Michael N. Gooseff and W. Berry Lyons and Uffe N. Nielsen and Ross A. Virginia and Diana H. Wall and Kathleen A. Welch and Diane M. McKnight} } @article {4164, title = {Nematodes in a polar desert reveal the relative role of biotic interactions in the coexistence of soil animals}, journal = {Communications Biology}, volume = {2}, year = {2019}, month = {02/2019}, abstract = {

Abiotic factors are major determinants of soil animal distributions and their dominant role is pronounced in extreme ecosystems, with biotic interactions seemingly playing a minor role. We modelled co-occurrence and distribution of the three nematode species that dominate the soil food web of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (Antarctica). Abiotic factors, other biotic groups, and autocorrelation all contributed to structuring nematode species distributions. However, after removing their effects, we found that the presence of the most abundant nematode species greatly, and negatively, affected the probability of detecting one of the other two species. We observed similar patterns in relative abundances for two out of three pairs of species. Harsh abiotic conditions alone are insufficient to explain contemporary nematode distributions whereas the role of negative biotic interactions has been largely underestimated in soil. The future challenge is to understand how the effects of global change on biotic interactions will alter species coexistence.

}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1038/s42003-018-0260-y}, url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-018-0260-y}, author = {Caruso, Tancredi and Hogg, Ian D. and Uffe N. Nielsen and Bottos, Eric M. and Charles K. Lee and D. W. Hopkins and Craig S Cary and John E. Barrett and Green, T. G. Allan and Storey, Bryan C. and Diana H. Wall and Byron Adams} } @article {4295, title = {Soil nematode abundance and functional group composition at a global scale}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {572}, year = {2019}, month = {08/2019}, abstract = {

Soil organisms are a crucial part of the terrestrial biosphere. Despite their importance for ecosystem functioning, few quantitative, spatially explicit models of the active belowground community currently exist. In particular, nematodes are the most abundant animals on Earth, filling all trophic levels in the soil food web. Here we use 6,759 georeferenced samples to generate a mechanistic understanding of the patterns of the global abundance of nematodes in the soil and the composition of their functional groups. The resulting maps show that 4.4 \± 0.64 \× 1020 nematodes (with a total biomass of approximately 0.3 gigatonnes) inhabit surface soils across the world, with higher abundances in sub-Arctic regions (38\% of total) than in temperate (24\%) or tropical (21\%) regions. Regional variations in these global trends also provide insights into local patterns of soil fertility and functioning. These high-resolution models provide the first steps towards representing soil ecological processes in global biogeochemical models and will enable the prediction of elemental cycling under current and future climate scenarios.

}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1038/s41586-019-1418-6}, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1418-6}, author = {van den Hoogen, Johan and Geisen, Stefan and Routh, Devin and Ferris, Howard and Traunspurger, Walter and Wardle, D and de Goede, Ron G. M. and Byron Adams and Ahmad, Wasim and Andriuzzi, Walter S. and Richard D. Bardgett and Bonkowski, Michael and Campos-Herrera, Raquel and Cares, Juvenil E. and Caruso, Tancredi and de Brito Caixeta, Larissa and Chen, Xiaoyun and Costa, Sofia R. and Creamer, Rachel and Mauro da Cunha Castro, Jos{\'e} and Dam, Marie and Djigal, Djibril and Escuer, Miguel and Griffiths, Bryan S. and Guti{\'e}rrez, Carmen and Hohberg, Karin and Kalinkina, Daria and Kardol, Paul and Kergunteuil, Alan and Korthals, Gerard and Krashevska, Valentyna and Kudrin, Alexey A. and Li, Qi and Liang, Wenju and Magilton, Matthew and Marais, Mariette and Mart{\'\i}n, Jos{\'e} Antonio Rodr{\'\i}guez and Matveeva, Elizaveta and Mayad, El Hassan and Mulder, Christian and Mullin, Peter and Neilson, Roy and Nguyen, T. A. Duong and Uffe N. Nielsen and Okada, Hiroaki and Rius, Juan Emilio Palomares and Pan, Kaiwen and Peneva, Vlada and Pellissier, Lo{\"\i}c and Carlos Pereira da Silva, Julio and Pitteloud, Camille and Powers, Thomas O. and Powers, Kirsten and Quist, Casper W. and Rasmann, Sergio and Moreno, Sara S{\'a}nchez and Scheu, Stefan and Set{\"a}l{\"a}, Heikki and Sushchuk, Anna and Tiunov, Alexei V. and Trap, Jean and van der Putten, W and Vesterg{\r a}rd, Mette and Villenave, Cecile and Waeyenberge, Lieven and Diana H. Wall and Wilschut, Rutger and Wright, Daniel G. and Yang, Jiue-in and Crowther, Thomas Ward} } @article {3532, title = {Soil biodiversity and human health}, journal = {Nature}, year = {2015}, month = {11/2015}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, issn = {0028-0836}, doi = {10.1038/nature15744}, url = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature15744}, author = {Diana H. Wall and Uffe N. Nielsen and Six, Johan} } @article {3533, title = {Global-scale patterns of assemblage structure of soil nematodes in relation to climate and ecosystem properties}, journal = {Global Ecology and Biogeography}, volume = {23}, year = {2014}, month = {01/2014}, pages = {968 - 978}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1111/geb.2014.23.issue-910.1111/geb.12177}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/geb.12177}, author = {Uffe N. Nielsen and Edward Ayres and Diana H. Wall and Li, Grace and Richard D. Bardgett and Wu, Tiehang and James R. Garey} } @article {1094, title = {The future of soil invertebrate communities in polar regions: different climate change responses in the Arctic and Antarctic?}, journal = {Ecology Letters}, volume = {16}, year = {2013}, month = {03/2013}, pages = {409 - 419}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1111/ele.12058}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ele.12058/abstract;jsessionid=2591020317030CE8FCDC37FE39B4F0B2.f01t04}, author = {Uffe N. Nielsen and Diana H. Wall} } @article {1100, title = {Water track modification of soil ecosystems in the Lake Hoare basin, Taylor Valley, Antarctica}, journal = {Antarctic Science}, year = {2013}, pages = {1 - 10}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1017/S095410201300045X}, author = {Joseph S. Levy and Andrew G Fountain and Michael N. Gooseff and John E. Barrett and Robert Vantreese and Kathleen A. Welch and W. Berry Lyons and Uffe N. Nielsen and Diana H. Wall} } @article {1108, title = {Cross-biome metagenomic analyses of soil microbial communities and their functional attributes}, journal = {Proceedings Bational Academy of Sciences}, year = {2012}, month = {11/2012}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1215210110}, url = {www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1215210110}, author = {Noah Fierer and Jonathan W. Leff and Byron Adams and Uffe N. Nielsen and Scott T. Bates and Christian L. Lauber and Sarah Owens and Jack A. Gilbert and Diana H. Wall and J. Gregory Caporaso} } @article {1122, title = {The ecology of pulse events: insights from an extreme climatic event in a polar desert ecosystem}, journal = {Ecosphere}, volume = {3}, year = {2012}, month = {02/2012}, pages = {art17}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1890/ES11-00325.1}, url = {http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/ES11-00325.1}, author = {Uffe N. Nielsen and Diana H. Wall and Byron Adams and Ross A. Virginia and Ball, Becky and Michael N. Gooseff and Diane M. McKnight} } @article {1116, title = {Extreme streams: flow intermittency as a control on diatom communities in meltwater streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}, volume = {69}, year = {2012}, month = {08/2012}, pages = {1405 - 1419}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1139/f2012-022}, url = {http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/f2012-022$\#$.UH2NlWcnq9g}, author = {Lee F. Stanish and Tyler J. Kohler and Rhea M.M. Esposito and Breana L. Simmons and Uffe N. Nielsen and Diana H. Wall and Diana R. Nemergut and Diane M. McKnight} } @article {1102, title = {Thawing permafrost alters nematode populations and soil habitat characteristics in an Antarctic polar desert ecosystem}, journal = {Pedobiologia}, volume = {55}, year = {2012}, month = {3/2012}, pages = {75 - 81}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1016/j.pedobi.2011.11.001}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031405611001156}, author = {Smith, T.E. and Diana H. Wall and Hogg, I and Byron Adams and Uffe N. Nielsen and Ross A. Virginia} } @article {1132, title = {Antarctic nematode communities: observed and predicted responses to climate change}, journal = {Polar Biology}, volume = {34}, year = {2011}, month = {11/2011}, pages = {1701 - 1711}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1007/s00300-011-1021-2}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/v588t5671p1w1323/}, author = {Uffe N. Nielsen and Diana H. Wall and Byron Adams and Ross A. Virginia} } @article {1126, title = {Nematode communities of Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island, maritime Antarctica}, journal = {Antarctic Science}, volume = {23}, year = {2011}, month = {8/2011}, pages = {349 - 357}, keywords = {LTER-MCM}, doi = {10.1017/S0954102011000174}, author = {Uffe N. Nielsen and Diana H. Wall and Li, Grace and Toro, Manuel and Byron Adams and Ross A. Virginia} }