@article {1077,
	title = {Characterization of fulvic acid fractions of dissolved organic matter during ice-out in a hyper-eutrophic, coastal pond in Antarctica},
	journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2013},
	month = {12/2013},
	pages = {045015},
	abstract = {Dissolved humic material (HDOM) is ubiquitous to all natural waters and its source material influences its chemical structure, reactivity, and bioavailability. While terrestrially derived HDOM reference materials distributed by the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) have been readily available to engineering and scientific communities, a microbially derived reference HDOM was not, despite the well-characterized differences in the chemistry and reactivity of HDOM derived from terrestrial versus microbial sources. To address this gap, we collected a microbial reference fulvic acid from Pony Lake (PLFA) for distribution through the IHSS. Pony Lake is a saline coastal pond on Ross Island, Antarctica, where the landscape is devoid of terrestrial plants. Sample collection occurred over a 17-day period in the summer season at Pony Lake. During this time, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations increased nearly two-fold, and the fulvic acid fraction (collected using the XAD-8 method) accounted for 14.6\% of the DOC. During the re-concentration and desalting procedures we isolated two other chemically distinct fulvic acid fractions: (1) PLFA-2, which was high in carbohydrates and (2) PLFA-CER, which was high in nitrogen. The chemical characteristics (elemental analysis, optical characterization with UV{\textendash}vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, and 13C NMR spectroscopy) of the three fulvic acid fractions helped to explain their behavior during isolation.},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045015},
	author = {Kaelin M. Cawley and Diane M. McKnight and Penney L. Miller and Rose M. Cory and Fimmen, Ryan L and Guerard, Jennifer and Markus Dieser and Chris Jaros and Yu-Ping Chin and Christine M. Foreman}
}
@article {1078,
	title = {Characterization of IHSS Pony Lake fulvic acid dissolved organic matter by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopy},
	journal = {Organic Geochemistry},
	volume = {65},
	year = {2013},
	month = {12/2013},
	pages = {19 - 28},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.09.013},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146638013002167},
	author = {D{\textquoteright}Andrilli, Juliana and Christine M. Foreman and Marshall, Alan G. and Diane M. McKnight}
}
@article {1088,
	title = {Microbial growth under humic-free conditions in a supraglacial stream system on the Cotton Glacier, Antarctica},
	journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2013},
	month = {09/2013},
	pages = {035022},
	abstract = {During the austral summers of 2004 and 2009, we sampled a supraglacial stream on the Cotton Glacier, Antarctica. The stream dissolved organic matter (DOM) was low (44{\textendash}48 μM C) and lacked detectable humic fluorescence signatures. Analysis of the excitation emissions matrices (EEMs) indicated that amino-acid fluorophores dominated, consistent with DOM of microbial origin, with little humic-like fluorescence. In most aquatic ecosystems, humic DOM attenuates harmful UV radiation and its absence may represent an additional stressor influencing the microbial community. Nonetheless, the stream contained an active microbial assemblage with bacterial cell abundances from 2.94 {\texttimes} 104 to 4.97 {\texttimes} 105 cells ml-1, and bacterial production ranging from 58.8 to 293.2 ng C l-1 d-1. Chlorophyll-a concentrations ranged from 0.3 to 0.53 μg l-1 indicating that algal phototrophs were the probable source of the DOM. Microbial isolates produced a rainbow of pigment colors, suggesting adaptation to stress, and were similar to those from other cryogenic systems (Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes lineages). Supraglacial streams provide an example of contemporary microbial processes on the glacier surface and a natural laboratory for studying microbial adaptation to the absence of humics.},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035022},
	url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/8/3/035022},
	author = {Christine M. Foreman and Rose M. Cory and Morris, Cindy E and Michael D. SanClements and Smith, Heidi J and John T. Lisle and Penney L. Miller and Yu-Ping Chin and Diane M. McKnight}
}
@article {1081,
	title = {Physicochemical and biological dynamics in a coastal Antarctic lake as it transitions from frozen to open water},
	journal = {Antarctic Science},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2013},
	month = {12/2013},
	pages = {663{\textendash}675},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	author = {Markus Dieser and Christine M. Foreman and Chris Jaros and John T. Lisle and Mark C. Greenwood and Johanna Laybourn-Parry and Penney L. Miller and Yu-Ping Chin and Diane M. McKnight}
}
@article {1138,
	title = {When a habitat freezes solid: microorganisms over-winter within the ice column of a coastal Antarctic lake},
	journal = {FEMS Microbiology Ecology},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2011},
	month = {06/2011},
	pages = {401 - 412},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01061.x},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01061.x/full},
	author = {Christine M. Foreman and Markus Dieser and Mark Greenwood and Rose M. Cory and Johanna Laybourn-Parry and John T. Lisle and Chris Jaros and Penney L. Miller and Yu-Ping Chin and Diane M. McKnight}
}
@article {1159,
	title = {Viable microbes in ice: application of molecular assays to McMurdo Dry Valley lake ice communities},
	journal = {Antarctic Science},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2010},
	month = {10/2010},
	pages = {470 - 476},
	abstract = {<p>The permanent ice covers of the McMurdo Dry Valley lakes, Antarctica, are colonized by a diverse microbial assemblage. We collected ice cores from Lakes Fryxell, Hoare and Bonney. Propidium monoazide (PMA) was used in combination with quantitative PCR (qPCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to examine membrane integrity of prokaryotes in these extreme environments. PMA selectively penetrates cells with compromised membranes and modifies their DNA resulting in the suppression of PCR amplification. Our results based on analysis of 16S rRNA genes demonstrate that despite the hostile conditions of the Dry Valleys, the permanent ice covers of the lakes support a \&lsquo;potentially viable\&rsquo; microbial community. The level of membrane integrity, as well as diversity, was higher in samples where sediment was entrapped in the ice cover. Pronounced differences in the fraction of cells with intact and compromised cell membranes were found for Lake Fryxell and east lobe of Lake Bonney, both expressed in differences in DGGE banding patterns and qPCR signal reductions. Limitations in the ability to distinguish between intact or compromised cells occurred in samples from Lake Hoare and west lobe of Lake Bonney due to low DNA template concentrations recovered from the samples.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {10.1017/S0954102010000404},
	url = {http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online\&aid=7909836\&fileId=S0954102010000404},
	author = {Markus Dieser and Nocker, Andreas and John C. Priscu and Christine M. Foreman}
}
@inbook {1188,
	title = {Lakes of Antarctica},
	booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Inland Waters volume 2},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {555-566},
	publisher = {Elsevier Press},
	organization = {Elsevier Press},
	address = {Oxford},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {LTER},
	author = {John C. Priscu and Christine M. Foreman},
	editor = {G.E. Likens}
}
@inbook {1206,
	title = {Antarctic subglacial water: origin, evolution, and ecology},
	booktitle = {Polar Lakes and Rivers: Limnology of Arctic and Antarctic Aquatic Ecosystems},
	year = {2008},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {Oxford},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	author = {John C. Priscu and Tulaczyk, S and Studinger, M and Kenicutt, M and Brent C. Christner and Christine M. Foreman}
}
@inbook {1207,
	title = {Bacteria in Subglacial Environments},
	booktitle = {Psychrophiles: from biodiversity to biotechnology},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {51-71},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag},
	organization = {Springer Verlag},
	address = {New York},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	author = {Brent C. Christner and Skidmore, M and John C. Priscu and Martyn Tranter and Christine M. Foreman}
}
@article {1245,
	title = {Metabolic activity and diversity of cryoconites in the Taylor Valley, Antarctica},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
	volume = {112},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {LTER},
	author = {Christine M. Foreman and Sattler, B and Jill A. Mikucki and Porazinska, D and John C. Priscu}
}
@article {1298,
	title = {Glacial ice cores: a model system for developing extraterrestrial decontamination protocols},
	journal = {Icarus},
	volume = {174},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {572-584},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {LTER},
	url = {/reports/lakes/ChristnerEtAl2005Decontamination.pdf},
	author = {Brent C. Christner and Jill A. Mikucki and Christine M. Foreman and Denson, J and John C. Priscu}
}
@article {1325,
	title = {Changes in fulvic acid redox state through the oxycline of a permanently ice-covered Antarctic lake},
	journal = {Aquatic Sciences},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {1-20},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	author = {Fulton, J and Diane M. McKnight and Christine M. Foreman and Rose M. Cory and Stedmon, C and Blunt, E}
}
@article {1333,
	title = {Geomicrobiology of Blood Fall: An iron-rich saline discharge at the terminus of the Taylor Glacier, Antarctica},
	journal = {Aquatic Geochemistry},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {199-200},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	author = {Jill A. Mikucki and Christine M. Foreman and Sattler, B and W. Berry Lyons and John C. Priscu}
}
@article {1320,
	title = {Impact of episodic warming events on the physical, chemical and biological relationships of lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica},
	journal = {Aquatic Geochemistry},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2004},
	month = {09/2004},
	pages = {239-268},
	type = {Journal},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM, Climate Response, stoichiometry},
	doi = {10.1007/s10498-004-2261-3},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007\%2Fs10498-004-2261-3},
	author = {Christine M. Foreman and Wolf, C and John C. Priscu}
}
@article {1345,
	title = {Thermodynamic constraints on microbially mediated processes in lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica},
	journal = {Geomicrobiology Journal},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {1-17},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM},
	doi = {LTER},
	author = {Lee, P and Jill A. Mikucki and Christine M. Foreman and John C. Priscu and G R DiTullio and Riseman, S and DeMora, S and Craig F.  Wolf and Kester, L}
}
