@article {5004,
	title = {Winter warming of McMurdo Dry Valleys soils},
	journal = {Antarctic Science},
	year = {2025},
	month = {01/2025},
	pages = {1-18},
	abstract = {<p>Continuous permafrost is present across the McMurdo Dry Valleys of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. While summer active-layer thaw is common in the low-elevation portions of the Dry Valleys, active layers have not significantly thickened over time. However, in some locations, coastal Antarctic permafrost has begun to warm. Here, based on soil and meteorological measurements from 1993 to 2023, we show that wintertime soil temperatures have increased across multiple sites in the Dry Valleys, at rates exceeding the pace of summer soil warming. Linear warming trends over time are significant (P \&lt; 0.05) at six of seven soil monitoring sites. Winter warming is strongly correlated with increased numbers of down-valley wind events (Foehn/katabatics), but it may also be driven by increased incident longwave radiation at some stations (although winter longwave increase is not significant over time). While down-valley wind events increase winter warming, when down-valley wind events are excluded from the record, winter soil warming remains persistent and significant, suggesting that Antarctic soils are experiencing less cold winters over time in response to regional warming. Together, these observations suggest that some Antarctic permafrost may be approaching a transition to discontinuous permafrost in some regions as winter freezing intensity is reduced over time.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM, Antarctica, Foehn wind, katabatic wind, McMurdo Dry Valleys, microclimate, permafrost},
	issn = {0954-1020},
	doi = {10.1017/S0954102024000488},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0954102024000488/type/journal_article},
	author = {Fowler, Gavin and Joseph S. Levy}
}
@article {4776,
	title = {Organic matter distribution in the icy environments of Taylor Valley, Antarctica},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {841},
	year = {2022},
	month = {10/2022},
	pages = {156639},
	abstract = {<p>Glaciers can accumulate and release organic matter affecting the structure and function of associated terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. We analyzed 18 ice cores collected from six locations in Taylor Valley (McMurdo Dry Valleys), Antarctica to determine the spatial abundance and quality of organic matter, and the spatial distribution of bacterial density and community structure from the terminus of the Taylor Glacier to the coast (McMurdo Sound). Our results showed that dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC) concentrations in the ice core samples increased from the Taylor Glacier to McMurdo Sound, a pattern also shown by bacterial cell density. Fluorescence Excitation Emission Matrices Spectroscopy (EEMs) and multivariate parallel factor (PARAFAC) modeling identified one humic-like (C1) and one protein-like (C2) component in ice cores whose fluorescent intensities all increased from the Polar Plateau to the coast. The fluorescence index showed that the bioavailability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) also decreased from the Polar Plateau to the coast. Partial least squares path modeling analysis revealed that bacterial abundance was the main positive biotic factor influencing both the quantity and quality of organic matter. Marine aerosol influenced the spatial distribution of DOC more than katabatic winds in the ice cores. Certain bacterial taxa showed significant correlations with DOC and POC concentrations. Collectively, our results show the tight connectivity among organic matter spatial distribution, bacterial abundance and meteorology in the McMurdo Dry Valley ecosystem.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-MCM, Antarctica, bacteria, ice cores, katabatic wind, marine aerosol, organic matter},
	issn = {00489697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156639},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722037366},
	author = {Guo, Bixi and Li, Wei and Santib{\'a}{\~n}ez, Pamela and John C. Priscu and Liu, Yongqin and Liu, Keshao}
}
