<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wille, Jonathan D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Favier, Vincent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorodetskaya, Irina V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agosta, Cécile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baiman, Rebecca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barthelemy, Léonard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boza, Burcu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bozkurt, Deniz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Casado, Mathieu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chyhareva, Anastasiia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clem, Kyle R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Codron, Francis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Datta, Rajashree Tri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Durán-Alarcón, Claudio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francis, Diana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffman, Andrew O.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolbe, Marlen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krakovska, Svitlana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linscott, Gabrielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maclennan, Michelle L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mattingly, Kyle S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mu, Ye</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pohl, Benjamin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leroy-Dos Santos, Christophe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shields, Christine A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toker, Emir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winters, Andrew C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yin, Ziqi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zou, Xun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Chen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Zhenhai</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric rivers in Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature Reviews Earth &amp; Environment</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Rev Earth Environ</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00638-7</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic atmospheric rivers (ARs) are a form of extreme weather that transport heat and moisture from the Southern Hemisphere subtropics and/or mid-latitudes to the Antarctic continent. Present-day AR events generally have a positive influence on the Antarctic ice-sheet mass balance by producing heavy snowfall, yet they also cause melt of sea ice and coastal ice sheet areas, as well as ice shelf destabilization. In this Review, we explore the atmospheric dynamics and impacts of Antarctic ARs over their life cycle to better understand their net contributions to ice-sheet mass balance. ARs occur in high-amplitude pressure couplets, and those strong enough to reach the Antarctic are often formed within Rossby waves initiated by tropical convection. Antarctic ARs are rare events (~3 days per year per location) but have been responsible for 50&amp;ndash;70% of extreme snowfall events in East Antarctica since the 1980s. However, they can also trigger extensive surface melting events, such as the final ice shelf collapse of Larsen A in 1995 and Larsen B in 2002. Climate change will likely cause stronger ARs as anthropogenic warming increases atmospheric water vapour. Future research must determine how these climate change impacts will alter the relationship among Antarctic ARs, net ice-sheet mass balance and future sea-level rise.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dragone, Nicholas B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Childress, Mary K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanderburgh, Caihong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willmore, Rachel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sancho, Leopoldo G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charles K. Lee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quandt, C. Alisha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LeMonte, Joshua J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adams, Byron J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noah Fierer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A comprehensive survey of soil microbial diversity across the Antarctic continent</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soils</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-025-03372-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic soils are unique from those found nearly anywhere else on Earth yet can still harbor a broad diversity of microorganisms able to tolerate the challenging conditions typical of the continent. For these reasons, microbiologists have been drawn to Antarctica for decades. However, our understanding of which microbes thrive in Antarctic soils and how they to do so remains limited. To help resolve these knowledge gaps, we analyzed a collection of 200 archived Antarctic soils&amp;mdash;from Livingston Island on the Antarctic Peninsula to Cape Hallett in northern Victoria Land. We analyzed the prokaryotic and fungal communities in these soils using both cultivation-independent marker gene sequencing and cultivation-dependent approaches (microbial isolation), paired with extensive soil geochemical analyses. Our cultivation-independent analyses indicate that colder, saltier, and drier soils harbor less diverse communities of bacteria and fungi, distinct from those found in soils with less challenging conditions. We also built a culture collection from a subset of these soils that encompasses more than 50 bacterial and fungal genera, including cold-tolerant organisms, such as &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Cryobacterium&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Cryomyces&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. By directly comparing the diversity of our cultured isolates against our cultivation-independent data, we show that many of the more abundant Antarctic taxa are not readily cultivated and highlight bacterial and fungal taxa that should be the focus of future cultivation efforts. Together, we hope that our collection of isolates, the comprehensive data compiled from the cultivation-independent analyses, and our geochemical analyses will serve as a community resource to accelerate the study of Antarctic soil microbes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novis, Phil M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monks, Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunt, John E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adams, Byron J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhami, Manpreet K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Ji Hee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morgan, Fraser</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Hawes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aislabie, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. Broady</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inference from eDNA-based field distributions vs laboratory analysis of isolated strains: Physiological performance of non-marine Antarctic biota</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biol</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eDNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inference</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00300-025-03356-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Environmental DNA (eDNA) is frequently used to infer distributions of microorganisms in Antarctica. Their distributions relative to environmental variables are, in turn, sometimes used to infer their physiological range (and a relationship between the two is generally assumed for conservation purposes). We sought to determine whether ecological inferences based on distributions accurately reflect tolerances of the organisms concerned, using 249 legacy non-marine samples from a latitudinal gradient between 72 and 86&amp;deg;S, Antarctica. A cyanobacterium, a heterotrophic bacterium, two eukaryotic algae, two fungi, and a moss were isolated into culture, and their field distributions inferred using eDNA analysis of the samples above. Tolerances of each organism with respect to environmental predictors were then inferred from the eDNA distribution and metadata using Generalised Additive Models. We then measured growth of the cultured isolates in response to a set of these predictors. Laboratory responses were then compared to inferences from the eDNA/metadata. Predictions from eDNA/metadata agreed with the results of physiological laboratory experiments for strains that were detected at high taxonomic resolution in the field samples. However, errors were never completely eliminated, and direct contradictions occurred when strains were represented at lower taxonomic resolution in the field data. We found that accurate ecological inference from eDNA studies would be best achieved via maximising both taxonomic resolution (through marker choice/read length) and ecological signal (through careful sampling design and rigorous metadata collection).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osburn, Ernest D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial mat activity and soil biogeochemistry across variable phosphorus availability in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cyanobacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen fixation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phosphorus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pigments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil ecology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antarctic-science/article/microbial-mat-activity-and-soil-biogeochemistry-across-variable-phosphorus-availability-in-taylor-valley-antarctica/0655E2F09B8D6961618B8F396BA692F2</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Primary production is fundamental to ecosystems, and in many extreme environments production is facilitated by microbial mats. Microbial mats are complex assemblages of photo- and heterotrophic microorganisms colonizing sediment and soil surfaces. These communities are the dominant producers of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, where they occupy lentic and lotic environments as well as intermittently wet soils. While the influence of microbial mats on stream nutrient dynamics and lake organic matter cycling is well documented, the influence of microbial mats on underlying soil is less well understood, particularly the effects of microbial mat nitrogen and carbon fixation. Taylor Valley soils occur across variable levels of inorganic phosphorus availability, with the Ross Sea drift containing four times that of the Taylor drifts, providing opportunities to examine how soil geochemistry influences microbial mats and the ecological functions they regulate. We found that inorganic phosphorus availability is positively correlated with microbial mat biomass, pigment concentration and nitrogen fixation potential. Additionally, our results demonstrate that dense microbial mats influence the ecological functioning of underlying soils by enriching organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks (two times higher). This work contributes to ongoing questions regarding the sources of energy fuelling soil food webs and the regional carbon balance in the McMurdo Dry Valleys.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thapa‐Magar, Khum B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph S. Levy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knightly, J. Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remote sensing for species distribution models: An illustration from a sentinel taxon of the world's driest ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial mats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">remote sensing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species distribution modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species occurrence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ecy.70035</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">106</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e70035</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In situ observed data are commonly used as species occurrence response variables in species distribution models. However, the use of remotely observed data from high-resolution multispectral remote-sensing images as a source of presence/absence data for species distribution models remains under-developed. Here, we describe an ensemble species distribution model of black microbial mats (Nostoc spp.) using presence/absence points derived from the unmixing of 4-m resolution WorldView-2 and WorldView-3 images in the Lake Fryxell basin region of Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Environmental and topographical characteristics such as soil moisture, snow, elevation, slope, and aspect were used as predictor variables in our models. We demonstrate that we can build and run ensemble species distribution models using both dependent and independent variables derived from remote-sensing data to generate spatially explicit habitat suitability maps. Snow and soil moisture were found to be the most important variables accounting for about 80% of the variation in the distribution of black mats throughout the Fryxell basin. This study highlights the potential contribution of high-resolution remote-sensing to species distribution modeling and informs new studies incorporating remotely derived species occurrences in species distribution models, especially in remote areas where access to in situ data is often limited.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snyder, Meredith D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adams, Byron J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borgmeier, Abigail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorna, Jesse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil biota sensitivity to hydroclimate variability in a polar desert ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extreme weather</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial community</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil invertebrates</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15230430.2025.2485283</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;An anomalous warm weather event in the Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys on 18 March 2022 created an opportunity to characterize soil biota communities most sensitive to freeze&amp;ndash;thaw stress. This event caused unseasonal melt within Taylor Valley, activating stream water and microbial mats around Canada Stream. Liquid water availability in this polar desert is a driver of soil biota distribution and activity. Because climate change impacts hydrological regimes, we aimed to determine the effect on soil communities. We sampled soils identified from this event that experienced thaw, nearby hyper-arid areas, and wetted areas that did not experience thaw to compare soil bacterial and invertebrate communities. Areas that exhibited evidence of freeze&amp;ndash;thaw supported the highest live and dead nematode counts and were composed of soil taxa from hyper-arid landscapes and wetted areas. They received water inputs from snowpacks, hyporheic water, or glacial melt, contributing to community differences associated with organic matter and salinity gradients. Inundated soils had higher organic matter and lower conductivity (p &amp;lt;&amp;nbsp;.02) and hosted the most diverse microbial and invertebrate communities on average. Our findings suggest that as liquid water becomes more available under predicted climate change, soil communities adapted to the hyper-arid landscape will shift toward diverse, wetted soil communities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Anna T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brooks, Cassandra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howkins, Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chignell, Stephen M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An analysis of McMurdo Dry Valleys’ lotic habitats within Antarctica’s protected area network and addressing gaps in biodiversity protection</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15230430.2024.2375176</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica&amp;rsquo;s largest ice-free region, hosts unique terrestrial ecosystems, with biodiversity concentrated in the aquatic environments and surrounding soils. Despite being a scientific hub, the creation of the MDV Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA) made significant steps toward protecting the environment from degradation from human usage. However, with sustained human presence within the MDV, increasing human activity across Antarctica, and aquatic ecosystems subject to environmental change, the effectiveness of current protections for biodiversity conservation requires evaluation. This study employs spatial analysis of MDV protected areas, streams, lakes, research camps, and tourist sites to assess the robustness of current protections, identify underprotected areas, and outline steps for future protection. Within the MDV ASMA, five smaller Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) exist. Only two ASPAs contain streams, and only one with a full hydrologic catchment. With roughly 6% of the lotic habitat area protected by ASPAs, the MDV fall short of global goals for freshwater protection. Past successful management of the MDV shows the effectiveness of collaboration and early action, and amongst calls for ASPA network expansion and restructuring, the MDV has the opportunity to be at the forefront again and increase the protection of Antarctic aquatic ecosystems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Schuyler R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Gabrielle G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, Tyler D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Detectability of surface biosignatures for directly imaged rocky exoplanets</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrobiology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extremophiles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">false positive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pigments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">red edge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reflectance spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">telescope</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ast.2023.0099</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">283 - 299</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Modeling the detection of life has never been more opportune. With next-generation space telescopes, such as the currently developing Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) concept, we will begin to characterize rocky exoplanets potentially similar to Earth. However, few realistic planetary spectra containing surface biosignatures have been paired with direct imaging telescope instrument models. Therefore, we use a HWO instrument noise model to assess the detection of surface biosignatures affiliated with oxygenic, anoxygenic, and nonphotosynthetic extremophiles. We pair the HWO telescope model to a one-dimensional radiative transfer model to estimate the required exposure times necessary for detecting each biosignature on planets with global microbial coverage and varying atmospheric water vapor concentrations. For modeled planets with 0&amp;ndash;50% cloud coverage, we determine pigments and the red edge could be detected within 1000&amp;thinsp;hr (100&amp;thinsp;hr) at distances within 15 pc (11 pc). However, tighter telescope inner working angles (2.5 λ/&lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;) would allow surface biosignature detection at further distances. Anoxygenic photosynthetic biosignatures could also be more easily detectable than nonphotosynthetic pigments and the photosynthetic red edge when compared against a false positive iron oxide slope. Future life detection missions should evaluate the influence of false positives on the detection of multiple surface biosignatures.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas, Valerie A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Habitat suitability of biocrust communities in a cold desert ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology and Evolution</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biocrust</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dryland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">habitat suitability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">remote sensing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil ecology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/20457758/14/7</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Drylands are unique among terrestrial ecosystems in that they have a significant proportion of primary production facilitated by non-vascular plants such as colonial cyanobacteria, moss, and lichens, i.e., biocrusts, which occur on and in the surface soil. Biocrusts inhabit all continents, including Antarctica, an increasingly dynamic continent on the precipice of change. Here, we describe in-situ field surveying and sampling, remote sensing, and modeling approaches to assess the habitat suitability of biocrusts in the Lake Fryxell basin of Taylor Valley, Antarctica, which is the main site of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Soils suitable for the development of biocrusts are typically wetter, less alkaline, and less saline compared to unvegetated soils. Using random forest models, we show that gravimetric water content, electrical conductivity, and snow frequency are the top predictors of biocrust presence and biomass. Areas most suitable for the growth of dense biocrusts are soils associated with seasonal snow patches. Using geospatial data to extrapolate our habitat suitability model to the whole basin predicts that biocrusts are present in 2.7 &amp;times; 10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and contain 11&amp;ndash;72 Mg of aboveground carbon, based on the 90% probability of occurrence. Our study illustrates the synergistic effect of combining field and remote sensing data for understanding the distribution and biomass of biocrusts, a foundational community in the carbon balance of this region. Extreme weather events and changing climate conditions in this region, especially those influencing snow accumulation and persistence, could have significant effects on the future distribution and abundance of biocrusts and therefore soil organic carbon storage in the McMurdo Dry Valleys.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Anna T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The hydrologic and geochemical contributions from snow to streamflow in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrological Processes</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ephemeral stream</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polar desert hydrology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">runoff generation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">snow patch</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">snowmelt</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hyp.15195</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e15195</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The glacial meltwater streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs), Antarctica only flow during the austral summer and contain abundant algal mats which grow at the onset of flow. Their relative abundance in stream channels of this polar desert make the streams biogeochemical hot spots. The MDVs receive minimal precipitation as snow, which is redistributed by wind and deposited in distinct locations, some of which become persistent snow patches each year. Previous studies identified that MDV streamflow comes from a combination of glacier ice and snow, although snow was assumed to contribute little to the overall water budget. This study uses a combination of satellite imagery, terrain analysis, and field measurements to determine where snow patches accumulate and persist across MDV watersheds, and to quantify the potential hydrologic and biogeochemical contributions of snow patches to streams. Watersheds near the coast have the highest snow-covered area and longest snow persistence. Many of these snow patches accumulate within the stream channels, which results in the potential to contribute to streamflow. During the summer of 2021&amp;ndash;2022, stream channel snow patches had the potential to contribute anywhere between &amp;lt;1% and 90% of the total annual discharge in Lake Fryxell Basin streams, and may increase with different hydrometeorological conditions. On average the potential inputs from snow patches to streamflow was between 12% and 25% of the annual discharge during the 2021&amp;ndash;2022 season, as determined by snow area and SWE. Snow patches in the majority of the watersheds had higher nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations than stream water, and six streams contained snow with higher N:P ratios than the average N:P in the stream water. This suggests that if such patches melt early in the summer, these nutrient and water inputs could occur at the right time and stoichiometry to be crucial for early season algal mat growth.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Schuyler R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In situ and remote biosignatures from microbial mats in ephemeral streams of Fryxell Basin, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astronomy and Planetary Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">astrobiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pigments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stromatolites</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/em-situ-remote-biosignatures-microbial-mats/docview/3094642420/se-2</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Northern Arizona University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flagstaff, AZ</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph.D.</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">340</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Transient water-limited environments are understood to have hosted microbial communities early in Earth&amp;rsquo;s history, and thus, may have been important ecosystems for life in ancient fluvial systems on Mars and water-limited environments on rocky Earth-like exoplanets. Similar environmental systems exist on Earth today, acting as meaningful analogs to study the preservation and detection of life in these environments. Particularly useful analogs are the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, given their cold temperatures, aridity, elevated UV radiation exposure, and predominantly microbial ecosystem. Basins in these valleys contain ephemeral glacial meltwater streams, which contain a diversity of microbial communities that are only active when the streams are flowing ten weeks of the summer. These microbial communities were studied to examine how their in situ and remote biosignatures could inform the detection of similar life on Mars and rocky exoplanets. Specifically, these organisms were found in association with carbonate rock coatings, morphologically resembling modern and ancient stromatolites from rivers, ponds, lakes, and hot springs. Microorganisms from these communities were preserved within and influenced the formation of these coatings, becoming an additional Antarctic analog to ancient stromatolites. The presence of these carbonate coatings in an ephemeral stream suggests that processes in transient fluvial environments on Mars could have also generated coatings, which could have preserved biosignatures. We also identified pigments within these microbial communities and correlated the pigments to community composition. We determined how the reflectance spectra of these communities were influenced by their pigments, demonstrating the capability of distinguishing microbial mat community composition in visible and near-infrared spectroscopy. The results of our study indicate that pigment spectral absorptions can act as remote biosignatures which we then applied to modeling the detection of similar life on the surfaces of cold and rocky Earth-like exoplanets. The detection times of Antarctic microbial mat remote biosignatures were compared with those of anoxygenic photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic microorganisms, accounting for false positives, to determine which biosignatures were most detectable. The results from this work demonstrate the ability of the future space-based telescope, Habitable Worlds Observatory, to detect surface life on rocky Earth-like exoplanets.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stone, Michael S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devlin, Shawn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Hawes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valley lake edge ‘moats’: The ecological intersection between terrestrial and aquatic polar desert habitat</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">connectivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecosystem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial mats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transition</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antarctic-science/article/mcmurdo-dry-valley-lake-edge-moats-the-ecological-intersection-between-terrestrial-and-aquatic-polar-desert-habitats/31D94DD51E651603482A3AE6E8A52A57</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 - 17</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Aquatic ecosystems - lakes, ponds and streams - are hotspots of biodiversity in the cold and arid environment of Continental Antarctica. Environmental change is expected to increasingly alter Antarctic aquatic ecosystems and modify the physical characteristics and interactions within the habitats that they support. Here, we describe physical and biological features of the peripheral &amp;lsquo;moat&amp;rsquo; of a closed-basin Antarctic lake. These moats mediate connectivity amongst streams, lake and soils. We highlight the cyclical moat transition from a frozen winter state to an active open-water summer system, through refreeze as winter returns. Summer melting begins at the lakebed, initially creating an ice-constrained lens of liquid water in November, which swiftly progresses upwards, creating open water in December. Conversely, freezing progresses slowly from the water surface downwards, with water at 1 m bottom depth remaining liquid until May. Moats support productive, diverse benthic communities that are taxonomically distinct from those under the adjacent permanent lake ice. We show how ion ratios suggest that summer exchange occurs amongst moats, streams, soils and sub-ice lake water, perhaps facilitated by within-moat density-driven convection. Moats occupy a small but dynamic area of lake habitat, are disproportionately affected by recent lake-level rises and may thus be particularly vulnerable to hydrological change.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Schuyler R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remotely characterizing photosynthetic biocrust in snowpack-fed microhabitats of Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science of Remote Sensing</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biocrust</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reflectance spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">snow</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil ecology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266601722400004X</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">100120</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Microbial communities are the primary drivers of carbon cycling in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Dense microbial mats, consisting mainly of photosynthetic cyanobacteria, occupy aquatic areas associated with streams and lakes. Other microbial communities also occur at lower densities as patchy surface biological soil crusts (hereafter, biocrusts) across the terrestrial landscape. Multispectral satellite data have been used to model microbial mat abundance in high-density areas like stream and lake margins, but no previous studies have investigated the lower detection limits of biocrusts. Here, we describe remote sensing and field-based survey and sampling approaches to study the detectability and distribution of biocrusts in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Using a combination of multi- and hyperspectral tools and spectral linear unmixing, we modeled the abundances of biocrust in eastern Taylor Valley. Our spectral approaches can detect low masses of biocrust material in laboratory microcosms down to biocrust concentrations of 1% by mass. These techniques also distinguish the spectra of biocrust from both surface rock and mineral signatures from orbit. We found that biocrusts are present throughout the soils of eastern Taylor Valley and are associated with diverse underlying soil communities. The densest biocrust communities identified in this study had total organic carbon 5x greater than the content of typical arid soils. The most productive biocrusts were located downslope of melting snowpacks in unique soil ecosystems that are distinct from the surrounding arid landscape. There are similarities between the snowpack and stream sediment communities (high diversity of soil invertebrates) as well as their ecosystem properties (e.g., persistence of liquid water, high transfer of available nutrients, lower salinity from flushing) compared to the typical arid terrestrial ecosystem of the dry valleys. Our approach extends the capability of orbital remote sensing of photosynthetic communities out of the aquatic margins and into the drier soils which comprise most of this landscape. This interdisciplinary work is critical for measuring and monitoring terrestrial carbon stocks and predicting future ecosystem dynamics in this currently water-limited but increasingly dynamic Antarctic landscape, which is particularly climate-sensitive and difficult to access.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adams, Byron J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doran, Peter T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilary A. Dugan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snyder, Meredith D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Anna T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response of a terrestrial polar ecosystem to the March 2022 Antarctic weather anomaly</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Earth's Future</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atmospheric river</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate variability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extreme weather</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polar desert</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil biota</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023EF004306</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e2023EF004306</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Record high temperatures were documented in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, on 18 March 2022, exceeding average temperatures for that day by nearly 30&amp;deg;C. Satellite imagery and stream gage measurements indicate that surface wetting coincided with this warming more than 2 months after peak summer thaw and likely exceeded thresholds for rehydration and activation of resident organisms that typically survive the cold and dry conditions of the polar fall in a freeze-dried state. This weather event is notable in both the timing and magnitude of the warming and wetting when temperatures exceeded 0&amp;deg;C at a time when biological communities and streams have typically entered a persistent frozen state. Such events may be a harbinger of future climate conditions characterized by warmer temperatures and greater thaw in this region of Antarctica, which could influence the distribution, activity, and abundance of sentinel taxa. Here we describe the ecosystem responses to this weather anomaly reporting on meteorological and hydrological measurements across the region and on later biological observations from Canada Stream, one of the most diverse and productive ecosystems within the McMurdo Dry Valleys.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutterman, William S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tulaczyk, Slawek M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foley, Neil T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jill A. Mikucki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilary A. Dugan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grombacher, Denys</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bording, Thue S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Auken, E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Causes and characteristics of electrical resistivity variability in shallow (&lt;4 m) soils in Taylor Valley, East Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JGR Earth Surface</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">active layer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">airborne electromagnetic surveys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">permafrost dynamics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022JF006696</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e2022JF006696</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Airborne electromagnetic surveys collected in December 2011 and November 2018 and three soil sampling transects were used to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of shallow (&amp;lt;4 m) soil properties in lower Taylor Valley (TV), East Antarctica. Soil resistivities from 2011 to 2018 ranged from &amp;sim;33 Ωm to &amp;sim;3,500 Ωm with 200 Ωm assigned as an upper boundary for brine-saturated sediments. Elevations below &amp;sim;50 m above sea level (masl) typically exhibit the lowest resistivities with resistivity increasing at high elevations on steeper slopes. Soil water content was empirically estimated from electrical resistivities using Archie&amp;#39;s Law and range from &amp;sim;&amp;lt;1% to &amp;sim;68% by volume. An increase in silt- and clay-sized particles at low elevations increases soil porosity but decreases hydraulic conductivity, promoting greater residence times of soil water at low elevations near Lake Fryxell. Soil resistivity variability between 2011 and 2018 shows soils at different stages of soil freeze-thaw cycles, which are caused predominantly by solar warming of soils as opposed to air temperature. This study furthers the understanding of the hydrogeologic structure of the shallow subsurface in TV and identifies locations of soils that are potentially prone to greater rates of thaw and resulting ecosystem homogenization of soil properties from projected increases in hydrological connectivity across the region over the coming decades.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, John E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fackrell, Laura E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sokol, Eric R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levy, Joseph S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuentz, Lily C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gooseff, Michael N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adams, Byron J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knightly, J. Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matul, Haley M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Szutu, Brian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doran, Peter T.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The distribution of surface soil moisture over space and time in eastern Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remote Sensing</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dry valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydrology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">remote sensing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil moisture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/3170</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3170</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Available soil moisture is thought to be the limiting factor for most ecosystem processes in the cold polar desert of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs) of Antarctica. Previous studies have shown that microfauna throughout the MDVs are capable of biological activity when sufficient soil moisture is available (~2&amp;ndash;10% gravimetric water content), but few studies have attempted to quantify the distribution, abundance, and frequency of soil moisture on scales beyond that of traditional field work or local field investigations. In this study, we present our work to quantify the soil moisture content of soils throughout the Fryxell basin using multispectral satellite remote sensing techniques. Our efforts demonstrate that ecologically relevant abundances of liquid water are common across the landscape throughout the austral summer. On average, the Fryxell basin of Taylor Valley is modeled as containing 1.5 &amp;plusmn; 0.5% gravimetric water content (GWC) across its non-fluvial landscape with ~23% of the landscape experiencing an average GWC &amp;gt; 2% throughout the study period, which is the observed limit of soil nematode activity. These results indicate that liquid water in the soils of the MDVs may be more abundant than previously thought, and that the distribution and availability of liquid water is dependent on both soil properties and the distribution of water sources. These results can also help to identify ecological hotspots in the harsh polar Antarctic environment and serve as a baseline for detecting future changes in the soil hydrological regime.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xue, Xia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bishwo N. Adhikari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miao, Jinxin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perkes, Ammon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Mac</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breana L. Simmons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological stoichiometry drives the evolution of soil nematode life history traits</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">elemental stoichiometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growth rate hypothesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">life history theory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nematoda</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rRNA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071722003480</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">177</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108891</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Ecological stoichiometry is a useful theoretical framework for understanding the sources and controls on nutrient availability that structure the composition and diversity of biotic communities. One such relationship is that organismal development rate is positively linked to cellular Phosphorus (P). We hypothesized that P availability, relative to other nutrients, e.g., nitrogen and carbon, would drive the evolution of traits associated with organismal growth and development. We examined the effects of P availability both &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;, on free-living soil nematodes. We found that P-deficient environments produce predictable changes in the ecology and evolution of important life history traits. Our results identify altered rRNA gene copy number and subsequent changes in gene expression and protein synthesis as mechanisms by which P-deficiency influences these traits. These findings have important implications for explaining soil ecological and evolutionary patterns across multiple levels of organization, including the structure and functioning of organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christopher P. McKay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Bromwich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extreme cold (-69.1°C) in the McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extreme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">meteorology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">weather</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antarctic-science/article/extreme-cold-691c-in-the-mcmurdo-dry-valleys/3516874750E5EF96365A26E8D49CA4EC</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-4</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risteca, Paul J.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of landscape-variation in geochemistry on taxonomic and functional composition of microbial mat communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial community</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial mat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phosphorus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polar desert</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/10919/115384</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virginia Tech</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blacksburg, VA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Microbial communities play critical roles in biogeochemical cycles of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, but studies of soil microbial communities have been limited by the diversity and complexity found in most ecosystems. Here we report on work investigating the functional diversity of microbial mat and underlying soil communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica across a gradient of phosphorus availability on glacial tills of distinct age and mineral composition in Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Microbial mat and soil DNA were extracted and sequenced on an Illumina NextSeq500 in a 150 bp paired end format. Raw sequences were uploaded to the MG-RAST server for processing and annotation. Community taxonomic and functional annotation were determined using the RefSeq and SEED Subsystem databases, respectively. The results revealed significant variation in microbial mat community taxonomic composition between the two tills, strongly associated with visual assessment of mat morphology, e.g., &amp;quot;black&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;orange&amp;quot; mats, and soil N:P ratios. The underlying soil microbial communities did not exhibit significant differences in diversity between the two tills, but community composition varied significantly across gradients of soil chemistry, particularly extractable-phosphate content even within tills. The relative abundance of biogeochemistry-relevant pathways determined from the SEED database varied amongst soil microbial communities between the two tills. For example, microbial mat communities exhibited significant variation in the relative abundance of key nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism associated genes strongly associated with the underlying soil N:P. These results suggest that spatial variation in geochemistry influences the distribution and activity of microbial mats, but that the microbial mats themselves also exert a significant homogenizing effect on the underlying soil communities and some of the key biogeochemical processes they facilitate.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vlah, Michael J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhea, Spencer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bernhardt, Emily S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slaughter, Weston</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gubbins, Nick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DelVecchia, Amanda G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thellman, Audrey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross, Matthew R. V.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MacroSheds: A synthesis of long-term biogeochemical, hydroclimatic, and geospatial data from small watershed ecosystem studies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnology and Oceanography Letters</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnol Oceanogr Letters</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/lol2.10325</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">419 - 452</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The US Federal Government supports hundreds of watershed monitoring efforts from which solute fluxes can be calculated. Although instrumentation and methods vary between studies, the data collected and their motivating questions are remarkably similar. Nevertheless, little effort toward their compilation has previously been made. The MacroSheds project has developed a future-friendly system for harmonizing daily time series of streamflow, precipitation, and solute chemistry from 169+ watersheds, and supplementing each with watershed attributes. Here, we describe the breadth of MacroSheds data, and detail the steps involved in rendering each data product. We provide recommendations for usage and discuss when other datasets might be more suitable. The MacroSheds dataset is an unprecedented resource for watershed science, and for hydrology, as a small-watershed supplement to existing collections of streamflow predictors, like CAMELS and GAGES-II. The MacroSheds platform includes a web dashboard for visualization and an R package for data access and analysis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ngugi, David Kamanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salcher, Michaela M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrei, Adrian-Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghai, Rohit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klotz, Franziska</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chiriac, Maria-Cecilia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ionescu, Danny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Büsing, Petra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grossart, Hans-Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xing, Peng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alymkulov, Salmor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pester, Michael</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postglacial adaptations enabled colonization and quasi-clonal dispersal of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in modern European large lakes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science Advances</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adc9392</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eadc9392</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) play a key role in the aquatic nitrogen cycle. Their genetic diversity is viewed as the outcome of evolutionary processes that shaped ancestral transition from terrestrial to marine habitats. However, current genome-wide insights into AOA evolution rarely consider brackish and freshwater representatives or provide their divergence timeline in lacustrine systems. An unbiased global assessment of lacustrine AOA diversity is critical for understanding their origins, dispersal mechanisms, and ecosystem roles. Here, we leveraged continental-scale metagenomics to document that AOA species diversity in freshwater systems is remarkably low compared to marine environments. We show that the uncultured freshwater AOA, &amp;ldquo;&lt;i&gt;Candidatus&lt;/i&gt; Nitrosopumilus limneticus,&amp;rdquo; is ubiquitous and genotypically static in various large European lakes where it evolved 13 million years ago. We find that extensive proteome remodeling was a key innovation for freshwater colonization of AOA. These findings reveal the genetic diversity and adaptive mechanisms of a keystone species that has survived clonally in lakes for millennia.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial patterns of major ions and their relationship to sediment concentration in near surface glacier ice, Taylor Valley Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JGR Earth Surface</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022JF006980</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Glaciers form the headwaters of many watersheds and, in arid polar environments, can provide the vast majority of water to downstream systems. Headwater watersheds are critically important for setting the chemistry for downstream systems, yet we know comparatively little about the patterns and processes that generate the geochemical signature of meltwater on glacier surfaces. Here, we focus on glaciers in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, the largest ice-free area on the continent, characterized by alpine glaciers flowing into broad, rocky valleys. We examine patterns from the coast inland, accumulation to ablation zones, laterally across individual glaciers, and through the zone of meltwater generation. We directly compare solute to sediment concentrations, a major source of dissolved solutes. Our findings agree with previous work that the overall meltwater chemistry of a given glacier is a product local sediment sources and of regional wind patterns: foehn winds moving from the ice sheet to the coast and on-shore sea breezes. Further, these patterns hold across an individual glacier. Finally, we find that the ice chemistry and sediment profiles reflect freeze-thaw and melt processes that occur at depth. This indicates that the transport and weathering of sediment in the ice profile likely has a strong influence on supra- and proglacial stream chemistry. This new understanding strengthens connections between physical and geochemical processes in cold-based polar glacier environments and helps us better understand the processes driving landscape and ecosystem connectivity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tallada, Sheetal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Grant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barich, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slonczewski, Joan L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibiotic resistance genes and taxa analysis from mat and planktonic microbiomes of Antarctic perennial ice-covered Lake Fryxell and Lake Bonney</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial mat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhodoferax</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor Valley</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0954102022000360/type/journal_article</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">408 - 422</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The perennial ice-covered lakes of the Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys harbour oligotrophic microbial communities that are separated geographically from other aquatic systems. Their microbiomes include planktonic microbes as well as lift-off mat communities that emerge from the ice. We used the ShortBRED protein family profiler to quantify the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from metagenomes of lift-off mats emerging from ice and from filtered water samples of Lake Fryxell and Lake Bonney. The overall proportion of ARG hits was similar to that found in temperate-zone rural ponds with moderate human inputs. Specific ARGs showed distinct distributions for the two lakes and for mat vs planktonic sources. Metagenomic taxa distributions showed that mat phototrophs consisted mainly of cyanobacteria or Betaproteobacteria, whereas the water column phototrophs were mainly protists. An enrichment culture of the Betaproteobacterium &lt;i&gt;Rhodoferax antarcticus&lt;/i&gt; from a Lake Fryxell mat sample showed an unusual mat-forming phenotype not previously reported for this species. Its genome showed no ARGs associated with Betaproteobacteria but had ARGs consistent with a minor &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas&lt;/i&gt; component. The Antarctic lake mats and water showed specific ARGs distinctive to the mat and water sources, but overall ARG levels were similar to those of temperate water bodies with moderate human inputs.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hudson, Amy R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debra P. C. Peters</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.M. Blair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Childers, Daniel L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geil, Kerrie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Katherine L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haddad, Nick M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastore, Melissa A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudgers, Jennifer A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osvaldo E. Sala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seabloom, Eric W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaver, Gaius</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-site comparisons of dryland ecosystem response to climate change in the US Long-Term Ecological Research Network</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioScience</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANPP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wildfire</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/advance-article/doi/10.1093/biosci/biab134/6654840</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Long-term observations and experiments in diverse drylands reveal how ecosystems and services are responding to climate change. To develop generalities about climate change impacts at dryland sites, we compared broadscale patterns in climate and synthesized primary production responses among the eight terrestrial, nonforested sites of the United States Long-Term Ecological Research (US LTER) Network located in temperate (Southwest and Midwest) and polar (Arctic and Antarctic) regions. All sites experienced warming in recent decades, whereas drought varied regionally with multidecadal phases. Multiple years of wet or dry conditions had larger effects than single years on primary production. Droughts, floods, and wildfires altered resource availability and restructured plant communities, with greater impacts on primary production than warming alone. During severe regional droughts, air pollution from wildfire and dust events peaked. Studies at US LTER drylands over more than 40 years demonstrate reciprocal links and feedbacks among dryland ecosystems, climate-driven disturbance events, and climate change.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Jasmine R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waterman, Melinda J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaw, Justine D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Dana M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lynch, Heather J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, Sharon A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Islands in the ice: Potential impacts of habitat transformation on Antarctic biodiversity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Change Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biotic homogenization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">connectivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ice-free</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">non-native species</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.16331</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic biodiversity faces an unknown future with a changing climate. Most terrestrial biota is restricted to limited patches of ice-free land in a sea of ice, where they are adapted to the continent&amp;#39;s extreme cold and wind and exploit microhabitats of suitable conditions. As temperatures rise, ice-free areas are predicted to expand, more rapidly in some areas than others. There is high uncertainty as to how species&amp;#39; distributions, physiology, abundance, and survivorship will be affected as their habitats transform. Here we use current knowledge to propose hypotheses that ice-free area expansion (i) will increase habitat availability, though the quality of habitat will vary; (ii) will increase structural connectivity, although not necessarily increase opportunities for species establishment; (iii) combined with milder climates will increase likelihood of non-native species establishment, but may also lengthen activity windows for all species; and (iv) will benefit some species and not others, possibly resulting in increased homogeneity of biodiversity. We anticipate considerable spatial, temporal, and taxonomic variation in species responses, and a heightened need for interdisciplinary research to understand the factors associated with ecosystem resilience under future scenarios. Such research will help identify at-risk species or vulnerable localities and is crucial for informing environmental management and policymaking into the future.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang, Xiaoben</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Van Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okie, Jordan G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schwartz, Egbert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colman, Daniel R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feeser, Kelli L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limits to the three domains of life: Lessons from community assembly along an Antarctic salinity gradient</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extremophiles</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inter-domain response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">salinity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species richness patterns</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00792-022-01262-3</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Extremophiles exist among all three domains of life; however, physiological mechanisms for surviving harsh environmental conditions differ among Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. Consequently, we expect that domain-specific variation of diversity and community assembly patterns exist along environmental gradients in extreme environments. We investigated inter-domain community compositional differences along a high-elevation salinity gradient in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Conductivity for 24 soil samples collected along the gradient ranged widely from 50 to 8355 &amp;micro;S cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. Taxonomic richness varied among domains, with a total of 359 bacterial, 2 archaeal, 56 fungal, and 69 non-fungal eukaryotic operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Richness for bacteria, archaea, fungi, and non-fungal eukaryotes declined with increasing conductivity (all &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;thinsp;&amp;lt;&amp;thinsp;0.05). Principal coordinate ordination analysis (PCoA) revealed significant (ANOSIM &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;0.97) groupings of low/high salinity bacterial OTUs, while OTUs from other domains were not significantly clustered. Bacterial beta diversity was unimodally distributed along the gradient and had a nested structure driven by species losses, whereas in fungi and non-fungal eukaryotes beta diversity declined monotonically without strong evidence of nestedness. Thus, while increased salinity acts as a stressor in all domains, the mechanisms driving community assembly along the gradient differ substantially between the domains.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, Thomas W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalambokidis, Maria J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jungblut, Anne D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Millar, Jasmin L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bauersachs, Thorsten</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grotheer, Hendrik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mackey, Tyler J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Hawes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summons, Roger E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid biomarkers from microbial mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for life in the cryosphere</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Microbiology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Front. Microbiol.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bacteriohopanepolyol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cyanobacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">heterocyte glycolipids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">homeoviscous adaptation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intact polar lipid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial mats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">903621</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Persistent cold temperatures, a paucity of nutrients, freeze-thaw cycles, and the strongly seasonal light regime make Antarctica one of Earth&amp;rsquo;s least hospitable surface environments for complex life. Cyanobacteria, however, are well-adapted to such conditions and are often the dominant primary producers in Antarctic inland water environments. In particular, the network of meltwater ponds on the &amp;lsquo;dirty ice&amp;rsquo; of the McMurdo Ice Shelf is an ecosystem with extensive cyanobacteria-dominated microbial mat accumulations. This study investigated intact polar lipids (IPLs), heterocyte glycolipids (HGs), and bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) in combination with 16S and 18S rRNA gene diversity in microbial mats of twelve ponds in this unique polar ecosystem. To constrain the effects of nutrient availability, temperature and freeze-thaw cycles on the lipid membrane composition, lipids were compared to stromatolite-forming cyanobacterial mats from ice-covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys as well as from (sub)tropical regions and hot springs. The 16S rRNA gene compositions of the McMurdo Ice Shelf mats confirm the dominance of Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria while the 18S rRNA gene composition indicates the presence of Ochrophyta, Chlorophyta, Ciliophora, and other microfauna. IPL analyses revealed a predominantly bacterial community in the meltwater ponds, with archaeal lipids being barely detectable. IPLs are dominated by glycolipids and phospholipids, followed by aminolipids. The high abundance of sugar-bound lipids accords with a predominance of cyanobacterial primary producers. The phosphate-limited samples from the (sub)tropical, hot spring, and Lake Vanda sites revealed a higher abundance of aminolipids compared to those of the nitrogen-limited meltwater ponds, affirming the direct affects that N and P availability have on IPL compositions. The high abundance of polyunsaturated IPLs in the Antarctic microbial mats suggests that these lipids provide an important mechanism to maintain membrane fluidity in cold environments. High abundances of HG keto-ols and HG keto-diols, produced by heterocytous cyanobacteria, further support these findings and reveal a unique distribution compared to those from warmer climates.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iwaniec, David M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suding, Katharine N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, David Samuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reed, Daniel C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debra P. C. Peters</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castorani, Max C. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Elizabeth M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davidson, Melissa J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groffman, Peter M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanan, Niall P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huenneke, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Pieter T. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, Robert J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okin, Gregory S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preston, Daniel L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rassweiler, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ray, Chris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osvaldo E. Sala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schooley, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seastedt, Timothy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spasojevic, Marko J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vivoni, Enrique R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Connectivity: Insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alpine tundra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic polar desert</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arid grassland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arid shrubland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coastal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">estuary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">salt marsh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Special Feature: Forecasting Earth’s Ecosystems with Long-Term Ecological Research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">urban ecosystem</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecs2.3432</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e03432</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Ecosystems across the United States are changing in complex and surprising ways. Ongoing demand for critical ecosystem services requires an understanding of the populations and communities in these ecosystems in the future. This paper represents a synthesis effort of the U.S. National Science Foundation-funded Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network addressing the core research area of &amp;ldquo;populations and communities.&amp;rdquo; The objective of this effort was to show the importance of long-term data collection and experiments for addressing the hardest questions in scientific ecology that have significant implications for environmental policy and management. Each LTER site developed at least one compelling case study about what their site could look like in 50&amp;ndash;100 yr as human and environmental drivers influencing specific ecosystems change. As the case studies were prepared, five themes emerged, and the studies were grouped into papers in this LTER Futures Special Feature addressing state change, connectivity, resilience, time lags, and cascading effects. This paper addresses the &amp;ldquo;connectivity&amp;rdquo; theme and has examples from the Phoenix (urban), Niwot Ridge (alpine tundra), McMurdo Dry Valleys (polar desert), Plum Island (coastal), Santa Barbara Coastal (coastal), and Jornada (arid grassland and shrubland) sites. Connectivity has multiple dimensions, ranging from multi-scalar interactions in space to complex interactions over time that govern the transport of materials and the distribution and movement of organisms. The case studies presented here range widely, showing how land-use legacies interact with climate to alter the structure and function of arid ecosystems and flows of resources and organisms in Antarctic polar desert, alpine, urban, and coastal marine ecosystems. Long-term ecological research demonstrates that connectivity can, in some circumstances, sustain valuable ecosystem functions, such as the persistence of foundation species and their associated biodiversity or, it can be an agent of state change, as when it increases wind and water erosion. Increased connectivity due to warming can also lead to species range expansions or contractions and the introduction of undesirable species. Continued long-term studies are essential for addressing the complexities of connectivity. The diversity of ecosystems within the LTER network is a strong platform for these studies.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Schuyler R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Counting carbon: Quantifying biomass in the McMurdo Dry Valleys through orbital and field observations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Remote Sensing</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01431161.2021.1981559</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8597 - 8623</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We use correlative field studies and high-resolution multispectral remote sensing data from the WorldView-2 instrument to estimate the abundance of photosynthetically active biomass (photoautotrophs consisting primarily of microbial mats and mosses) in Canada Stream in Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica. In situ field investigations were performed to (1) acquire ground validation targets for atmospherically correcting satellite imagery, (2) derive spectra of &amp;ldquo;pure&amp;rdquo; geologic and biological endmembers, (3) estimate photoautotroph cover from remote sensing data, and (4) convert these coverage estimates to biomass using data collected in the field. Our results suggest that, on the morning of 12 December 2018, the Canada Stream system contained more than 3,800 kg of photosynthetically active carbon. Extrapolating our unmixing results to the entirety of the Fryxell basin of Taylor Valley, Antarctica, we model the presence of more than 750,000 kg of photosynthetically active carbon across the landscape and carbon fixation rates roughly equivalent to five hectares of tropical rainforest. The ability to spatially and temporally quantify the amount of photosynthetically active biomass using remote sensing data in the MDV of Antarctica is a revolutionary development that will help elucidate the ecological drivers and environmental responses in this cold desert landscape.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heindel, Ruth C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darling, Joshua P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singley, Joel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lukkari, Braeden M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diatoms in hyporheic sediments trace organic matter retention and processing in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">benthic processes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogenic silica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogeochemical cycles processes and modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diatoms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">groundwater/surface water interactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic zone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">particulate organic matter</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020JG006097</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">126</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e2020JG006097</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In low‐nutrient streams in cold and arid ecosystems, the spiraling of autochthonous particulate organic matter (POM) may provide important nutrient subsidies downstream. Because of its lability and the spatial heterogeneity of processing in hyporheic sediments, the downstream transport and fate of autochthonous POM can be difficult to trace. In Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valley (MDV) streams, any POM retained in the hyporheic zone is expected to be derived from surface microbial mats that contain diatoms with long‐lasting silica frustules. We tested whether diatom frustules can be used to trace the retention of autochthonous POM in the hyporheic zone and whether certain geomorphic locations promote this process. The accumulation of diatom frustules in hyporheic sediments, measured as biogenic silica, was correlated with loss‐on‐ignition organic matter and sorbed ammonium, suggesting that diatoms can be used to identify locations where POM has been retained and processed over long timescales, regardless of whether the POM remains intact. In addition, by modeling the upstream sources of hyporheic diatom assemblages, we found that POM was predominantly derived from N‐fixing microbial mats of the genus Nostoc. In terms of spatial variability, we conclude that the hyporheic sediments adjacent to the stream channel that are regularly inundated by daily flood pulses are where the most POM has been retained over long timescales. Autochthonous POM is retained in hyporheic zones of low‐nutrient streams beyond the MDVs, and we suggest that biogenic silica and diatom composition can be used to identify locations where this transfer is most prevalent.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusser, Sarah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helms, Jackson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bahlai, Christie A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haddad, Nick M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">How long do population level field experiments need to be? Utilising data from the 40‐year‐old LTER network</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">data mining</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isothermality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">long-term</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">moving window</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">population dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time series</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trajectory</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ele.13710</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We utilise the wealth of data accessible through the 40‐year‐old Long‐Term Ecological Research (LTER) network to ask if aspects of the study environment or taxa alter the duration of research necessary to detect consistent results. To do this, we use a moving‐window algorithm. We limit our analysis to long‐term (&amp;gt; 10 year) press experiments recording organismal abundance. We find that studies conducted in dynamic abiotic environments need longer periods of study to reach consistent results, as compared to those conducted in more moderated environments. Studies of plants were more often characterised by spurious results than those on animals. Nearly half of the studies we investigated required 10 years or longer to become consistent, where all significant trends agreed in direction, and four studies (of 100) required longer than 20 years. Here, we champion the importance of long‐term data and bolster the value of multi‐decadal experiments in understanding, explaining and predicting long‐term trends.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beane, Samuel J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrologic response to foehn winds in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foehn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foehn winds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydrologic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">katabatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wind</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.proquest.com/docview/2488126937</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado Boulder</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulder, CO</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs), foehn winds are a principal vector of landscape connectivity that facilitate movement of materials between glaciers, streams, soils, lakes and other parts of the ecosystem. While previous publications show that turbulent, warm and dry foehn winds indirectly relate to an increase in lake level rise via an increase in degree days above freezing (DDAF), the direct quantified impact of foehn winds to streamflow and lake level rise remains unclear. The MDVs are the largest ice-free region of Antarctica, which experience minimal precipitation. Valley bottoms contain permanently ice-covered closed basin lakes filled with meltwater from outlet glaciers via stream channels. In Taylor Valley, several meteorological stations and lake monitoring stations record average measurements of weather conditions and lake conditions on 15 to 20-minute intervals. In this thesis, the meteorological definition of foehn winds is refined and hydrologic response to foehn winds is evaluated. During the austral summer streamflow season (November - February), foehn winds are predicted to increase meltwater generation and closed-basin lake level rise. Past publications have shown that foehn wind events contribute to lake ice sublimation year-round, whereas melt does not typically occur in nonsummer months. Analysis of non-summer lake ice ablation utilizing recent lake stage and ablation data is also explored herein. Although a significant correlation was not found, summer foehn winds appear to promote above average daily lake level rise given sufficient air temperatures. Daily average lake level rise is greater for longer periods (i.e., 4-day average daily rise &amp;gt; 3-day average daily rise, etc.) indicating that there is at least a 4-day post-foehn impact on lake level rise during the summer. Lake ice ablation in non-summer months is shown to have a significant relationship with increasing foehn wind occurrence and wind-run. Because foehn winds are expected to increase with global warming, these hydrologic relationships aid in predicting the future of the McMurdo Dry Valley ecosystem in a warming world.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffman, Matthew</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long‐term shifts in feedbacks among glacier surface change, melt generation, and runoff, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrological Processes</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.14292</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Glaciers of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs) Antarctica are the main source of streamflow in this polar desert. Because summer air temperatures hover near 0&amp;deg;C small changes in the energy balance strongly affect meltwater generation. Here we demonstrate that increased surface roughness, which alters the turbulent transfer of energy between the ice surface and atmosphere, yields a detectable increase in meltwater runoff. At low elevations on the glaciers, basin-like topography became significantly rougher over 13&amp;thinsp;years between repeat lidar surveys, yielding greater melt. In contrast, the smoother ice at higher elevation exhibited no detectable change in roughness. We pose a conceptual model of the cycle of glacier surface change as a result of climate forcing whereby glacier surfaces transition from being dominated by sublimation to becoming increasingly melt-dominated, which is reversible under prolonged cool periods. This research advances our understanding of warm season effects on polar glaciers.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellagamba, Anthony W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berkelhammer, Max</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winslow, Luke A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devlin, Shawn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Hawes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The magnitude and climate sensitivity of isotopic fractionation from ablation of Antarctic Dry Valley lakes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dry Valley lakes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isotope fractionation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stable water isotopes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15230430.2021.2001899</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">352 - 371</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;There has been extensive research on the effects of evaporation on the isotopic ratio of lacustrine and marine water bodies; however, there are limited data on how ablation or sublimation from lake or sea ice influences the isotopic ratio of the residual water body. This is a challenging problem because there remains uncertainty on the magnitude of fractionation during sublimation and because ablation can involve mixed-phase processes associated with simultaneous sublimation, melting, evaporation, and refreezing. This uncertainty limits the ability to draw quantitative inferences on changing hydrological budgets from stable isotope records in arctic, Antarctic, and alpine lakes. Here, we use in situ measurements of the isotopic ratio of water vapor along with the gradient diffusion method to constrain the isotopic ratio of the ablating ice from two lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. We find that during austral summer, the isotopic fractionation of ablation was insignificant during periods of boundary layer instability that are typical during midday when latent heat is highest. This implies that the loss of mass during these periods did not yield any isotopic enrichment to the residual lake mass. However, fractionation increased after midday when the boundary layer stabilized and the latent heat flux was small. This diurnal pattern was mirrored on synoptic timescales, when following warm and stable conditions latent heat flux was low and dominated by higher fractionation for a few days. We hypothesize that the shifting from negligible to large isotopic fractionation reflects the development and subsequent exhaustion of liquid water on the surface. The results illustrate the complex and nonlinear controls on isotopic fractionation from icy lakes, which implies that the isotopic enrichment from ablation could vary significantly over timescales relevant for changing lake volumes. Future work using water isotope fluxes for longer periods of time and over additional perennial and seasonal ice-covered lake systems is critical for developing models of the isotopic mass balance of arctic and Antarctic lake systems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reahl, Jocelyn N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cantine, Marjorie D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilcots, Julia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mackey, Tyler J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergmann, Kristin D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meta-analysis of Cryogenian through modern quartz microtextures reveals sediment transport histories</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Sedimentary Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/jsedres/article/91/9/929/607764/Meta-analysis-of-Cryogenian-through-modern-quartz</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">929-944</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Quantitative analysis of quartz microtextures by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) can reveal the transport histories of modern and ancient sediments. However, because workers identify and count microtextures differently, it is difficult to directly compare quantitative microtextural data analyzed by different workers. As a result, the defining microtextures of certain transport modes and their probabilities of occurrence are not well constrained. We used principal-component analysis (PCA) to directly compare modern and ancient aeolian, fluvial, and glacial samples from the literature with nine new samples from active aeolian and glacial environments. Our results demonstrate that PCA can group microtextural samples by transport mode and differentiate between aeolian transport and fluvial and glacial transport across studies. The PCA ordination indicates that aeolian samples are distinct from fluvial and glacial samples, which are in turn difficult to disambiguate from each other. Ancient and modern sediments are also shown to have quantitatively similar microtextural relationships. Therefore, PCA may be a useful tool to constrain the ambiguous transport histories of some ancient sediment grains. As a case study, we analyzed two samples with ambiguous transport histories from the Cryogenian Bråvika Member (Svalbard). Integrating PCA with field observations, we find evidence that the Bråvika Member facies investigated here includes aeolian deposition and may be analogous to syn-glacial Marinoan aeolian units including the Bakoye Formation in Mali and the Whyalla Sandstone in South Australia.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harms, Tamara K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groffman, Peter M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aluwihare, Lihini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wieder, William R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hobbie, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baer, Sara G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.M. Blair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frey, Serita D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remucal, Christina K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudgers, Jennifer A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collins, SL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kominoski, John S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patterns and trends of organic matter processing and transport: Insights from the US Long-term Ecological Research Network</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Climate Change Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coupled biogeochemical cycles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cross-site synthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organic matter composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organic matter storage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stabilization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transport</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666900521000253</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">100025</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Organic matter (OM) dynamics determine how much carbon is stored in ecosystems, a service that modulates climate. We synthesized research from across the US Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network to assemble a conceptual model of OM dynamics that is consistent with inter-disciplinary perspectives and emphasizes vulnerability of OM pools to disturbance. Guided by this conceptual model, we identified unanticipated patterns and long-term trends in processing and transport of OM emerging from terrestrial, freshwater, wetland, and marine ecosystems. Cross-ecosystem synthesis combined with a survey of researchers revealed several themes: 1) strong effects of climate change on OM dynamics, 2) surprising patterns in OM storage and dynamics resulting from coupling with nutrients, 3) characteristic and often complex legacies of land use and disturbance, 4) a significant role of OM transport that is often overlooked in terrestrial ecosystems, and 5) prospects for reducing uncertainty in forecasting OM dynamics by incorporating the chemical composition of OM. Cross-fertilization of perspectives and approaches across LTER sites and other research networks can stimulate the comprehensive understanding required to support large-scale characterizations of OM budgets and the role of ecosystems in regulating global climate.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tulaczyk, Slawek M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foley, Neil T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bording, Thue S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Auken, Esben</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilary A. Dugan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jill A. Mikucki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foged, Nikolaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grombacher, Denys</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thermal legacy of a large paleolake in Taylor Valley, East Antarctica, as evidenced by an airborne electromagnetic survey</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Cryosphere</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Cryosphere</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/3577/2021/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3577 - 3593</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Previous studies of the lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys have attempted to constrain lake level history, and results suggest the lakes have undergone hundreds of meters of lake level change within the last 20 000 years. Past studies have utilized the interpretation of geologic deposits, lake chemistry, and ice sheet history to deduce lake level history; however a substantial amount of disagreement remains between the findings, indicating a need for further investigation using new techniques. This study utilizes a regional airborne resistivity survey to provide novel insight into the paleohydrology of the region. Mean resistivity maps revealed an extensive brine beneath the Lake Fryxell basin, which is interpreted as a legacy groundwater signal from higher lake levels in the past. Resistivity data suggest that active permafrost formation has been ongoing since the onset of lake drainage and that as recently as 1500&amp;ndash;4000 years BP, lake levels were over 60 m higher than present. This coincides with a warmer-than-modern paleoclimate throughout the Holocene inferred by the nearby Taylor Dome ice core record. Our results indicate Mid to Late Holocene lake level high stands, which runs counter to previous research finding a colder and drier era with little hydrologic activity throughout the last 5000 years.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patriarche, Jeffrey D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winslow, Luke A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Year‐round and long‐term phytoplankton dynamics in Lake Bonney, a permanently ice‐covered Antarctic lake</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Geophys Res Biogeosci</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">algae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fluorometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lakes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">profiling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">winter</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020JG005925</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">126</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e2020JG005925</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Lake Bonney (McMurdo Dry Valleys, east Antarctica) represents a year‐round refugium for life adapted to permanent extreme conditions. Despite intensive research since the 1960s, due to the logistical constraints posed by 4‐months of 24‐h darkness, knowledge of how the resident photosynthetic microorganisms respond to the polar winter is limited. In addition, the lake level has risen by more than 3 m since 2004: impacts of rapid lake level rise on phytoplankton community structure is also poorly understood. From 2004 to 2015 an in situ submersible spectrofluorometer (bbe FluoroProbe) was deployed in Lake Bonney during the austral summer to quantify the vertical structure of four functional algal groups (green algae, mixed algae, and cryptophytes, cyanobacteria). During the 2013&amp;ndash;2014 field season the Fluoroprobe was mounted on autonomous cable‐crawling profilers deployed in both the east and west lobes of Lake Bonney, obtaining the first daily phytoplankton profiles through the polar night. Our findings showed that phytoplankton communities were differentially impacted by physical and chemical factors over long‐term versus seasonal time scales. Following a summer of rapid lake level rise (2010&amp;ndash;2011), an increase in depth integrated chlorophyll a (chl‐a) occurred in Lake Bonney caused by stimulation of photoautotrophic green algae. Conversely, peaks in chl‐a during the polar night were associated with an increase in mixotrophic haptophytes and cryptophytes. Collectively our data reveal that phytoplankton groups possessing variable trophic abilities are differentially competitive during seasonal and long‐term time scales owing to periods of higher nutrients (photoautotrophs) versus light/energy limitation (mixotrophs).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gries, Corinna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beaulieu, Stace</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, Renée F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastil-Buhl, Gastil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elmendorf, Sarah C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hsieh, Hsun-Yi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kui, Li</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maurer, Greg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porter, John H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Change in Pictures: Creating best practices in archiving ecological imagery for reuse</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity Information Science and Standards</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BISS</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">data repository</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecological data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metadata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://biss.pensoft.net/article/59082/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The research data repository of the Environmental Data Initiative (EDI) is building on over 30 years of data curation research and experience in the National Science Foundation-funded US Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network. It provides mature functionalities, well established workflows, and now publishes all &amp;lsquo;long-tail&amp;rsquo; environmental data. High quality scientific metadata are enforced through automatic checks against community developed rules and the Ecological Metadata Language (EML) standard. Although the EDI repository is far along in making its data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR), representatives from EDI and the LTER are developing best practices for the edge cases in environmental data publishing. One of these is the vast amount of imagery taken in the context of ecological research, ranging from wildlife camera traps to plankton imaging systems to aerial photography. Many images are used in biodiversity research for community analyses (e.g., individual counts, species cover, biovolume, productivity), while others are taken to study animal behavior and landscape-level change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some examples from the LTER Network include: using photos of a heron colony to measure provisioning rates for chicks (Clarkson and Erwin 2018) or identifying changes in plant cover and functional type through time (Peters et al. 2020). Multi-spectral images are employed to identify prairie species. Underwater photo quads are used to monitor changes in benthic biodiversity (Edmunds 2015). Sosik et al. (2020) used a continuous Imaging FlowCytobot to identify and measure phyto- and microzooplankton. Cameras at McMurdo Dry Valleys assess snow and ice cover on Antarctic lakes allowing estimation of primary production (Myers 2019).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;It has been standard practice to publish numerical data extracted from images in EDI; however, the supporting imagery generally has not been made publicly available. Our goal in developing best practices for documenting and archiving these images is for them to be discovered and re-used. Our examples demonstrate several issues. The research questions, and hence, the image subjects are variable. Images frequently come in logical sets of time series. The size of such sets can be large and only some images may be contributed to a dedicated specialized repository. Finally, these images are taken in a larger monitoring context where many other environmental data are collected at the same time and location.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Currently, a typical approach to publishing image data in EDI are packages containing compressed (ZIP or tar) files with the images, a directory manifest with additional image-specific metadata, and a package-level EML metadata file. Images in the compressed archive may be organized within directories with filenames corresponding to treatments, locations, time periods, individuals, or other grouping attributes. Additionally, the directory manifest table has columns for each attribute. Package-level metadata include standard coverage elements (e.g., date, time, location) and sampling methods. This approach of archiving logical &amp;lsquo;sets&amp;rsquo; of images reduces the effort of providing metadata for each image when most information would be repeated, but at the expense of not making every image individually searchable. The latter may be overcome if the provided manifest contains standard metadata that would allow searching and automatic integration with other images.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howkins, Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chignell, Stephen M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gullett, Poppie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brett, Melissa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preciado, Evelin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A digital archive of human activity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Earth System Science Data</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.earth-syst-sci-data.net/12/1117/2020/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Over the last half century, the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of East Antarctica have become a globally important site for scientific research and environmental monitoring. Historical data can make important contributions to current research activities and environmental management in Antarctica but tend to be widely scattered and difficult to access. We address this need in the MDV by compiling over 5000 historical photographs, sketches, maps, oral interviews, publications, and other archival resources into an online digital archive. The data have been digitized and georeferenced using a standardized metadata structure, which enables intuitive searches and data discovery via an online interface. The ultimate aim of the archive is to create as comprehensive as possible a record of human activity in the MDV to support ongoing research, management, and conservation efforts. This is a valuable tool for scientists seeking to understand the dynamics of change in lakes, glaciers, and other physical systems, as well as humanistic inquiry into the history of the Southern Continent. In addition to providing benchmarks for understanding change over time, the data can help target field sampling for studies working under the assumption of a pristine landscape by enabling researchers to identify the date and extent of past human activities. The full database is accessible via a web browser-based interface hosted by the McMurdo Long Term Ecological Research site: &lt;a href=&quot;http://mcmurdohistory.lternet.edu/&quot;&gt;http://mcmurdohistory.lternet.edu/&lt;/a&gt; (last access: 5 May 2020). The complete metadata data for all resources in the database are also available at the Environmental Data Initiative: &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/6744cb28a544fda827805db123d36557&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/6744cb28a544fda827805db123d36557&lt;/a&gt; (Howkins et al., 2019).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The effect of sediment on hydrological and biogeochemical connectivity of glaciers within the McMurdo Dry Valley ecosystem, Antarctica</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glaciers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">meltwater</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sediment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.proquest.com/docview/2408273839</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado Boulder</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulder, CO</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph.D.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Glaciers are an integral part of polar and alpine landscapes, providing water, inorganic, and organic material subsidies to downstream ecosystems. These subsides regulate downstream temperature, streamflow, and sediment supplies. Warming in high altitude and high latitude environments due to climate change is resulting in rapid and substantial mass loss of glaciers. In order to better predict impacts and future change to glaciers and downstream environments, we endeavor to better understand glacier physical and biogeochemical processes. Glaciers in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs) of Antarctica are very sensitive to slight changes in the energy balance. Small temperature or solar radiation increases can result in outsize increases in glacier melt, which is the main source of water for the MDV ecosystem. Sediment on the glacier surface is thought to be a key factor driving both melt and biogeochemical cycling on glaciers. This dissertation examines the distribution of sediment on the MDVs glacier surfaces, how it may have driven recent glacier morphological change, and identifies sediment-driven biogeochemical processes on the MDV glaciers. To do so, we carried out field data collection, field- and lab-based nutrient uptake experiments, geospatial analysis, and coupled sediment and energy balance modeling. We find that the glacier surfaces have changed in response to recent warm events by increasing roughness and the density of meltwater channels on the glacier surface. The increase in roughness occurred in already rough areas that serve as collection points for wind- and water-transported sediment. The rough surfaces and sediment have low albedo and can absorb a higher amount of energy, spurring additional melt. The distribution of sediment on the surface and in the top meter of ice is a reflection of patterns of wind deposition and seasonal melt on the glacier. The total amount of sediment in the top meter of ice agrees with previously measured rates of sediment deposition and follows a valley-wide pattern. The depth of the peak sediment concentration in the top meter of ice is a function of the thermal history of the glacier&amp;ndash; both summer energy balance and winter sublimation rates. We also find that the biota living in the sediment is capable of removing nutrients from glacier melt water, modulating the amount and form of nutrients delivered to downstream ecosystems. This research clarifies the role of glaciers within the larger MDV ecosystem. It also advances our understanding of surficial glacier melt and biogeochemistry, which can improve predictions of how the functional role of glaciers within their larger ecosystems will evolve due to climate change.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estimating microbial mat biomass in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica using satellite imagery and ground surveys</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial mat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">multispectral imagery</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NDVI</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nostocales</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">remote sensing</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00300-020-02742-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Cyanobacterial mat communities are the main drivers of primary productivity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. These microbial communities form laminar mats on desert pavement surfaces adjacent to glacial meltwater streams, ponds, and lakes. The low-density nature of these communities and their patchy distribution make assessments of distribution, biomass, and productivity challenging. We used satellite imagery coupled with in situ surveying, imaging, and sampling to systematically estimate microbial mat biomass in selected wetland regions in Taylor Valley, Antarctica. On January 19th, 2018, the WorldView-2 multispectral satellite acquired an image of our study areas, where we surveyed and sampled seven 100 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; plots of microbial mats for percent ground cover, ash-free dry mass (AFDM), and pigment content (chlorophyll-a, carotenoids, and scytonemin). Multispectral analyses revealed spectral signatures consistent with photosynthetic activity (relatively strong reflection at near-infrared wavelengths and relatively strong absorption at visible wavelengths), with average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values of 0.09 to 0.28. Strong correlations of microbial mat ground cover (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;0.84), biomass (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;0.74), chlorophyll-a content (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;0.65), and scytonemin content (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;0.98) with logit transformed NDVI values demonstrate that satellite imagery can detect both the presence of microbial mats and their key biological properties. Using the NDVI&amp;mdash;biomass correlation we developed, we estimate carbon (C) stocks of 21,715 kg (14.7 g C m&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;2&lt;/sup&gt;) in the Canada Glacier Antarctic Specially Protected Area, with an upper and lower limit of 74,871 and 6312 kg of C, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyler J. Kohler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluating alternative metacommunity hypotheses for diatoms in the McMurdo Dry Valleys using simulations and remote sensing data</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacillariophyceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dispersal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nostoc</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stream ecology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2020.521668/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Diatoms are diverse and widespread freshwater Eukaryotes that make excellent microbial subjects for addressing questions in metacommunity ecology. In the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, the simple trophic structure of glacier-fed streams provides an ideal outdoor laboratory where well-described diatom assemblages are found within two cyanobacterial mat types, which occupy different habitats and vary in coverage within and among streams. Specifically, black mats of &lt;em&gt;Nostoc&lt;/em&gt; spp. occur in marginal wetted habitats, and orange mats (&lt;em&gt;Oscillatoria&lt;/em&gt; spp. and &lt;em&gt;Phormidium&lt;/em&gt; spp.) occur in areas of consistent stream flow. Despite their importance as bioindicators for changing environmental conditions, the role of dispersal in structuring dry valley diatom metacommunities remains unclear. Here, we use MCSim, a spatially explicit metacommunity simulation package for R, to test alternative hypotheses about the roles of dispersal and species sorting in maintaining the biodiversity of diatom assemblages residing in black and orange mats. The spatial distribution and patchiness of cyanobacterial mat habitats was characterized by remote imagery of the Lake Fryxell sub-catchment in Taylor Valley. The available species pool for diatom metacommunity simulation scenarios was informed by the Antarctic Freshwater Diatoms Database, maintained by the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research program. We used simulation outcomes to test the plausibility of alternative community assembly hypotheses to explain empirically observed patterns of freshwater diatom biodiversity in the long-term record. The most plausible simulation scenarios suggest species sorting by environmental filters, alone, was not sufficient to maintain biodiversity in the Fryxell Basin diatom metacommunity. The most plausible scenarios included either (1) neutral models with different immigration rates for diatoms in orange and black mats or (2) species sorting by a relatively weak environmental filter, such that dispersal dynamics also influenced diatom community assembly, but there was not such a strong disparity&amp;nbsp;in immigration rates between mat types. The results point to the importance of dispersal for understanding current and future biodiversity patterns for diatoms in this ecosystem, and more generally, provide further evidence that metacommunity theory is a useful framework for testing hypotheses about microbial community assembly.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van den Hoogen, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geisen, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wardle, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traunspurger, Walter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Goede, Ron G. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad, Wasim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferris, Howard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonkowski, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campos-Herrera, Raquel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cares, Juvenil E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caruso, Tancredi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Brito Caixeta, Larissa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Xiaoyun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, Sofia R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Creamer, Rachel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">da Cunha e Castro, José</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dam, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djigal, Djibril</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escuer, Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Griffiths, Bryan S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutiérrez, Carmen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hohberg, Karin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalinkina, Daria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardol, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kergunteuil, Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korthals, Gerard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krashevska, Valentyna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kudrin, Alexey A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Qi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liang, Wenju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magilton, Matthew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marais, Mariette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martín, José Antonio Rodríguez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matveeva, Elizaveta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mayad, El Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mzough, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulder, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mullin, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neilson, Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen, T. A. Duong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okada, Hiroaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rius, Juan Emilio Palomares</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pan, Kaiwen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peneva, Vlada</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pellissier, Loïc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlos Pereira da Silva, Julio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pitteloud, Camille</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powers, Thomas O.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powers, Kirsten</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quist, Casper W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasmann, Sergio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, Sara Sánchez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scheu, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Setälä, Heikki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sushchuk, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiunov, Alexei V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trap, Jean</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vestergård, Mette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villenave, Cecile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waeyenberge, Lieven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilschut, Rutger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Daniel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keith, Aidan M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jiue-in</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Olaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouharroud, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferji, Z.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Putten, Wim H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Routh, Devin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crowther, Thomas Ward</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A global database of soil nematode abundance and functional group composition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientific Data</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0437-3</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;As the most abundant animals on earth, nematodes are a dominant component of the soil community. they play critical roles in regulating biogeochemical cycles and vegetation dynamics within and across landscapes and are an indicator of soil biological activity. Here,&amp;nbsp;we present a comprehensive global dataset of soil nematode abundance and functional group composition. This dataset includes 6,825 georeferenced soil samples from all continents and biomes. For geospatial mapping purposes these samples are aggregated into 1,933 unique 1-km pixels, each of which is linked to 73 global environmental covariate data layers. Altogether,&amp;nbsp;this dataset can help to gain insight into the spatial distribution patterns of soil nematode abundance and community composition, and the environmental drivers shaping these patterns.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Echeverría, Sebastián</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hausner, Mark B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambach, Nicolás</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vicuña, Sebastián</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suárez, Francisco</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling present and future ice covers in two Antarctic lakes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Glaciology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">energy balance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ice and climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ice-sheet modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lake ice</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-glaciology/article/modeling-present-and-future-ice-covers-in-two-antarctic-lakes/9306439ADD5492BC05F3BAF0E076B1C3</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic lakes with perennial ice covers provide the opportunity to investigate in-lake processes without direct atmospheric interaction, and to study their ice-cover sensitivity to climate condi- tions. In this study, a numerical model &amp;ndash; driven by radiative, atmospheric and turbulent heat fluxes from the water body beneath the ice cover &amp;ndash; was implemented to investigate the impact of climate change on the ice covers from two Antarctic lakes: west lobe of Lake Bonney (WLB) and Crooked Lake. Model results agreed well with measured ice thicknesses of both lakes (WLB &amp;ndash; RMSE= 0.11 m over 16 years of data; Crooked Lake &amp;ndash; RMSE= 0.07 m over 1 year of data), and had acceptable results with measured ablation data at WLB (RMSE= 0.28 m over 6 years). The differences between measured and modeled ablation occurred because the model does not consider interannual variability of the ice optical properties and seasonal changes of the lake&amp;rsquo;s thermal structure. Results indicate that projected summer air temperatures will increase the ice-cover annual melting in WLB by 2050, but that the ice cover will remain peren- nial through the end of this century. Contrarily, at Crooked Lake the ice cover becomes ephem- eral most likely due to the increase in air temperatures.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singley, Joel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohen, Matthew J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient uptake in the supraglacial stream network of an Antarctic glacier</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient tracers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient uptake</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sediments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">supraglacial streams</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2020JG005679</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In polar regions, where many glaciers are cold‐based (frozen to their beds), biological communities on the glacier surface can modulate and transform nutrients, controlling downstream delivery. However, it remains unclear whether supraglacial streams are nutrient sinks or sources and the rates of nutrient processing. In order to test this, we conducted tracer‐injections in three supraglacial streams (62 to 123 m long) on Canada Glacier in the Taylor Valley, of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. We conducted a series of additions including: nitrate (N), N + phosphate (P), N+ P + glucose (C), and N+C. In two reaches, N‐only additions resulted in N uptake. The third reach showed net N release during the N‐only addition, but high N uptake in the N+P addition, indicating P‐limitation or N+P co‐limitation. Co‐injecting C did not increase N‐uptake. Additionally, in these systems at low N concentrations the streams can be a net source of nitrogen. We confirmed these findings using laboratory‐based nutrient incubation experiments on sediment collected from stream channels on Canada Glacier and two other glaciers in the Taylor Valley. Together, these results suggest there is active biological processing of nutrients occurring in these supraglacial streams despite low sediment cover, high flow velocities and cold temperatures, modifying the input signals to proglacial streams. As glaciers world‐wide undergo rapid change, these findings further our understanding of how melt generated on glacier surfaces set the initial nutrient signature for subglacial and downstream environments.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Schuyler R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morin, Paul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remote characterization of photosynthetic communities in the Fryxell basin of Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydrology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">remote sensing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antarctic-science/article/remote-characterization-of-photosynthetic-communities-in-the-fryxell-basin-of-taylor-valley-antarctica/8576F6BB1BCFDCA8409F5EA96CA00C6F</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We investigate the spatial distribution, spectral properties and temporal variability of primary producers (e.g. communities of microbial mats and mosses) throughout the Fryxell basin of Taylor Valley, Antarctica, using high-resolution multispectral remote-sensing data. Our results suggest that photosynthetic communities can be readily detected throughout the Fryxell basin based on their unique near-infrared spectral signatures. Observed intra- and inter-annual variability in spectral signatures are consistent with short-term variations in mat distribution, hydration and photosynthetic activity. Spectral unmixing is also implemented in order to estimate mat abundance, with the most densely vegetated regions observed from orbit correlating spatially with some of the most productive regions of the Fryxell basin. Our work establishes remote sensing as a valuable tool in the study of these ecological communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys and demonstrates how future scientific investigations and the management of specially protected areas could benefit from these tools and techniques.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Madeline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross, Julian M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The seasonal evolution of albedo across glaciers and the surrounding landscape of Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Cryosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/769/2020/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">769-788</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs) of Antarctica are a polar desert ecosystem consisting of alpine glaciers, ice-covered lakes, streams, and expanses of vegetation-free rocky soil. Because average summer temperatures are close to 0&amp;thinsp;∘C, the MDV ecosystem in general, and glacier melt dynamics in particular, are both closely linked to the energy balance. A slight increase in incoming radiation or change in albedo can have large effects on the timing and volume of meltwater. However, the seasonal evolution or spatial variability of albedo in the valleys has yet to fully characterized. In this study, we aim to understand the drivers of landscape albedo change within and across seasons. To do so, a box with a camera, GPS, and shortwave radiometer was hung from a helicopter that flew transects four to five times a season along Taylor Valley. Measurements were repeated over three seasons. These data were coupled with incoming radiation measured at six meteorological stations distributed along the valley to calculate the distribution of albedo across individual glaciers, lakes, and soil surfaces. We hypothesized that albedo would decrease throughout the austral summer with ablation of snow patches and increasing sediment exposure on the glacier and lake surfaces. However, small snow events (&amp;lt;6&amp;thinsp;mm water equivalent) coupled with ice whitening caused spatial and temporal variability of albedo across the entire landscape. Glaciers frequently followed a pattern of increasing albedo with increasing elevation, as well as increasing albedo moving from east to west laterally across the ablation zone. We suggest that spatial patterns of albedo are a function of landscape morphology trapping snow and sediment, longitudinal gradients in snowfall magnitude, and wind-driven snow redistribution from east to west along the valley. We also compare our albedo measurements to the MODIS albedo product and found that overall the data have reasonable agreement. The mismatch in spatial scale between these two datasets results in variability, which is reduced after a snow event due to albedo following valley-scale gradients of snowfall magnitude. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the spatial and temporal variability in albedo and the close coupling of climate and landscape response. This new understanding of landscape albedo can constrain landscape energy budgets, better predict meltwater generation on from MDV glaciers, and how these ecosystems will respond to changing climate at the landscape scale.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hatton, Jade E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hendry, Katharine R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirst, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Opfergelt, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henkel, Susann</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silva-Busso, Adrián</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Welch, Susan A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wadham, Jemma L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagshaw, Elizabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staubwasser, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silicon isotopic composition of dry and wet-based glaciers in Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Earth Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2020.00286/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Glaciers and ice sheets export significant amounts of silicon (Si) to downstream ecosystems, impacting local and potentially global biogeochemical cycles. Recent studies have shown Si in Arctic glacial meltwaters to have an isotopically distinct signature when compared to non-glacial rivers. This is likely linked to subglacial weathering processes and mechanochemical reactions. However, there are currently no silicon isotope (δ30Si) data available from meltwater streams in Antarctica, limiting the current inferences on global glacial silicon isotopic composition and its drivers. To address this gap, we present dissolved silicon (DSi), δ30SiDSi, and major ion data from meltwater streams draining a polythermal glacier in the region of the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP; King George Island) and a cold-based glacier in East Antarctica [Commonwealth Stream, McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV)]. These data, alongside other global datasets, improve our understanding of how contrasting glacier thermal regime can impact upon Si cycling and therefore the δ30SiDSi composition. We find a similar δ30SiDSi composition between the two sites, with the streams on King George Island varying between -0.23 and +1.23&amp;permil; and the Commonwealth stream varying from -0.40 to +1.14&amp;permil;. However, meltwater streams in King George Island have higher DSi concentrations, and the two glacial systems exhibit opposite DSi &amp;ndash; δ30SiDSi trends. These contrasts likely result from differences in weathering processes, specifically the role of subglacial processes (King George Island) and, supraglacial processes followed by in-stream weathering in hyporheic zones (Commonwealth Stream). These findings are important when considering likely changes in nutrient fluxes from Antarctic glaciers under climatic warming scenarios and consequent shifts in glacial thermal regimes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schutte, Charles A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samarkin, Vladimir A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Brian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madigan, Michael T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowles, Marshall W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karen L. Casciotti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joye, Samantha B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vertical stratification and stability of biogeochemical processes in the deep saline waters of Lake Vanda, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnology and Oceanography</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/lno.11327</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">65</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Lake Vanda is a permanently ice-covered lake in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Its bottom waters remain stratified year-round because of a strong salinity-driven density gradient. We have assessed spatial patterns in and relationships between major biogeochemical processes in the water column of Lake Vanda. Samples were collected in the austral summers of 2008 and 2011 to measure concentrations of metabolites associated with a suite of biogeochemical processes across the deep salinity gradient. The shapes of the resulting geochemical profiles were consistent between 2008 and 2011. Metabolite production and consumption rates were estimated using a reactive transport model based on the assumption that vertical diffusion was the only activephysical transport process. We validated this model for nitrification by using stable isotope incubations to show that this process was only active at depths predicted by the model. No nitrification activity was observed at 68 m depth in spite of overlapping oxygen and ammonium gradients. We attribute this lack of activity to the competitive inhibition of ammonia monooxygenase by methane. Net nitrous oxide and nitrate consumption were observed in the oxic water column, providing evidence of aerobic denitrification. The depth of maximum net oxygen production did not coincide with the deep chlorophyll maxima (at 59.3, 63, and 68.2 m) measured in the same profile. Finally, the integrated sulfide oxidation rate was high compared with other oxidation processes, indicating that sulfide was an important electron donor for the water column microbial community.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charles K. Lee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laughlin, Daniel C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottos, Eric M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caruso, Tancredi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joy, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brabyn, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. W. Hopkins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pointing, Steve B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McDonald, Ian R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Banks, Jonathan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stichbury, Glen A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Irfon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zawar-Reza, Peyman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katurji, Marwan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sparrow, Ashley D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storey, Bryan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allan Green, T. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biotic interactions are an unexpected yet critical control on the complexity of an abiotically driven polar ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communications Biology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Commun Biol</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-018-0274-5</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Abiotic and biotic factors control ecosystem biodiversity, but their relative contributions remain unclear. The ultraoligotrophic ecosystem of the Antarctic Dry Valleys, a simple yet highly heterogeneous ecosystem, is a natural laboratory well-suited for resolving the abiotic and biotic controls of community structure. We undertook a multidisciplinary investigation to capture ecologically relevant biotic and abiotic attributes of more than 500 sites in the Dry Valleys, encompassing observed landscape heterogeneities across more than 200 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Using richness of autotrophic and heterotrophic taxa as a proxy for functional complexity, we linked measured variables in a parsimonious yet comprehensive structural equation model that explained significant variations in biological complexity and identified landscape-scale and fine-scale abiotic factors as the primary drivers of diversity. However, the inclusion of linkages among functional groups was essential for constructing the best-fitting model. Our findings support the notion that biotic interactions make crucial contributions even in an extremely simple ecosystem.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wlostowski, Adam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schulte, Nicholas O.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhea M.M. Esposito</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The hydroecology of an ephemeral wetland in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">desert hydrology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diatom biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic interactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wetlands</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019JG005153</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) is a polar desert on the coast of East Antarctica where ephemeral wetlands become hydrologically active during warm and sunny summers when sub‐surface flows are generated from melting snowfields. To understand the structure and function of polar wetland ecosystems, we investigated the hydroecology of one such wetland, the Wormherder Creek wetland, during the warm and sunny summer of 2008 &amp;ndash; 2009, when the wetland was hydrologically reactivated. Conservative tracer (LiCl) was injected for a 2‐hour period into a stream above the wetland to determine flow path orientations and hydrologic residence times. Tracer results indicated that surface water is rapidly exchanged with wetland groundwater and wetland residence times may exceed two austral summers. Major ion concentrations were uniform in samples from surface water and shallow groundwater throughout the wetland. Microbial mats in the wetland had high autotrophic index values (the ratios of chlorophyll a [Chl‐a]/ash‐free dry mass [AFDM]), ranging from 9‐38 μg Chl‐a/mg AFDM, indicative of actively photosynthesizing mat communities. The diatom communities in the mats were relatively uniform compared to those in mats from regularly flowing MDV streams, with four endemic and one widespread diatom taxa of the genus &lt;em&gt;Luticola&lt;/em&gt; accounting for an average of 86% of the community. These results indicate that the hydrologic characteristics of the wetland contribute to uniform geochemical conditions. In turn, uniform geochemical conditions may explain the high autotrophic index values of the microbial mats and relatively low spatial variation of the diatom community.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bishop, Jordan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kopalová, Kateřina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darling, Joshua P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schulte, Nicholas O.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyler J. Kohler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMinn, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah A. Spaulding</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bart Van de Vijver</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;i&gt;Sabbea gen. nov.&lt;/i&gt;, a new diatom genus (Bacillariophyta) from continental Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytotaxa</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacillariophyta</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cape Royds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">East Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">new genus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vestfold Hills</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.418.1.2</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">418</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The non-marine diatom flora of the Antarctic Continent includes several endemic taxa recorded over the past 100 years. One of these taxa, &lt;em&gt;Navicula adminensis&lt;/em&gt; D.Roberts &amp;amp; McMinn, was described from the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica. Detailed light and scanning electron microscopy observations have shown that based on its morphological features, the species does not belong to the genus &lt;em&gt;Navicula sensu stricto&lt;/em&gt;. To determine the most closely related genera to &lt;em&gt;N. adminensis&lt;/em&gt;, the morpho- logical features of &lt;em&gt;Adlafia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Kobayasiella&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Envekadea&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Stenoneis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Berkeleya&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Climaconeis&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Parlibellus&lt;/em&gt; were compared with those of &lt;em&gt;N. adminensis&lt;/em&gt;. Although each of these genera shows one or more similar features, none of them accommodates the salient morphological characteristics of N. adminensis. Therefore, a new genus, &lt;em&gt;Sabbea gen. nov.&lt;/em&gt;, is herein described, and &lt;em&gt;Navicula adminensis&lt;/em&gt; is formally transferred to the new genus as &lt;em&gt;Sabbea adminensis comb. nov.&lt;/em&gt; The genus &lt;em&gt;Sabbea&lt;/em&gt; is characterized by uniseriate striae composed of small, rounded areolae occluded externally by individual hymenes, a rather simple raphe structure with straight, short proximal ends and short terminal raphe fissures, open girdle bands with double perforation and a very shallow mantle.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caruso, Tancredi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottos, Eric M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charles K. Lee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. W. Hopkins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green, T. G. Allan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storey, Bryan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nematodes in a polar desert reveal the relative role of biotic interactions in the coexistence of soil animals</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communications Biology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Commun Biol</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-018-0260-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Abiotic factors are major determinants of soil animal distributions and their dominant role is pronounced in extreme ecosystems, with biotic interactions seemingly playing a minor role. We modelled co-occurrence and distribution of the three nematode species that dominate the soil food web of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (Antarctica). Abiotic factors, other biotic groups, and autocorrelation all contributed to structuring nematode species distributions. However, after removing their effects, we found that the presence of the most abundant nematode species greatly, and negatively, affected the probability of detecting one of the other two species. We observed similar patterns in relative abundances for two out of three pairs of species. Harsh abiotic conditions alone are insufficient to explain contemporary nematode distributions whereas the role of negative biotic interactions has been largely underestimated in soil. The future challenge is to understand how the effects of global change on biotic interactions will alter species coexistence.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van den Hoogen, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geisen, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Routh, Devin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferris, Howard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traunspurger, Walter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wardle, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Goede, Ron G. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad, Wasim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andriuzzi, Walter S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonkowski, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campos-Herrera, Raquel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cares, Juvenil E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caruso, Tancredi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Brito Caixeta, Larissa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Xiaoyun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, Sofia R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Creamer, Rachel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mauro da Cunha Castro, José</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dam, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djigal, Djibril</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escuer, Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Griffiths, Bryan S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutiérrez, Carmen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hohberg, Karin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalinkina, Daria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardol, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kergunteuil, Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korthals, Gerard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krashevska, Valentyna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kudrin, Alexey A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Qi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liang, Wenju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magilton, Matthew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marais, Mariette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martín, José Antonio Rodríguez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matveeva, Elizaveta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mayad, El Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulder, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mullin, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neilson, Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen, T. A. Duong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okada, Hiroaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rius, Juan Emilio Palomares</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pan, Kaiwen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peneva, Vlada</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pellissier, Loïc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlos Pereira da Silva, Julio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pitteloud, Camille</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powers, Thomas O.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powers, Kirsten</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quist, Casper W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasmann, Sergio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, Sara Sánchez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scheu, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Setälä, Heikki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sushchuk, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiunov, Alexei V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trap, Jean</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Putten, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vestergård, Mette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villenave, Cecile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waeyenberge, Lieven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilschut, Rutger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Daniel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jiue-in</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crowther, Thomas Ward</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil nematode abundance and functional group composition at a global scale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1418-6</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">572</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Soil organisms are a crucial part of the terrestrial biosphere. Despite their importance for ecosystem functioning, few quantitative, spatially explicit models of the active belowground community currently exist. In particular, nematodes are the most abundant animals on Earth, filling all trophic levels in the soil food web. Here we use 6,759 georeferenced samples to generate a mechanistic understanding of the patterns of the global abundance of nematodes in the soil and the composition of their functional groups. The resulting maps show that 4.4 &amp;plusmn; 0.64 &amp;times; 10&lt;sup&gt;20&lt;/sup&gt; nematodes (with a total biomass of approximately 0.3 gigatonnes) inhabit surface soils across the world, with higher abundances in sub-Arctic regions (38% of total) than in temperate (24%) or tropical (21%) regions. Regional variations in these global trends also provide insights into local patterns of soil fertility and functioning. These high-resolution models provide the first steps towards representing soil ecological processes in global biogeochemical models and will enable the prediction of elemental cycling under current and future climate scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7768</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kevin M. Geyer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unimodal productivity–diversity relationships among bacterial communities in a simple polar soil ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Microbiology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environ Microbiol</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1462-2920.14639</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Unlike other macroecological principles, relationships between productivity and diversity have not been effectively tested for microbial communities. Here we describe an experiment in which the availability of resources to soil bacterial communities was manipulated in a model system, the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Mannitol additions were used to simulate a productivity gradient such that a response in bacterial biomass production, taxonomic diversity and functioning (e.g., enzyme activity) were induced. Resource amendment induced a positive linear response in microbial productivity (P &amp;lt; 0.001) but a unimodal (hump‐shaped) response in microbial diversity at multiple taxonomic scales (P = 0.035). Putative oligotrophic (e.g., phyla &lt;em&gt;Nitrospirae&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Cyanobacteria&lt;/em&gt;) and copiotrophic (e.g., phylum &lt;em&gt;Proteobacteria&lt;/em&gt;) taxa were apparent through substantial community turnover along the resource gradient. Soil enzyme activity was inversely related to bacterial biomass but positively related to diversity, suggesting the latter may be a stronger control over enzyme‐mediated decomposition. The mechanisms behind this pattern are consistent with macroecological theory of a shift from environmental (e.g., stress tolerance) to biotic (e.g., competition) drivers with increasing resource availability. This evidence is among the first of its kind to document a significant unimodal productivity&amp;ndash;diversity relationship for soil bacteria.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dornelas, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antão, Laura H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moyes, Faye</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bates, Amanda E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magurran, Anne E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam, Dušan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akhmetzhanova, Asem A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appeltans, Ward</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arcos, José Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnold, Haley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayyappan, Narayanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badihi, Gal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baird, Andrew H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbosa, Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barreto, Tiago Egydio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bässler, Claus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellgrove, Alecia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belmaker, Jonathan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bett, Brian J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjorkman, Anne D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Błażewicz, Magdalena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blowes, Shane A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bloch, Christopher P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonebrake, Timothy C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyd, Susan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bradford, Matt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brooks, Andrew J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, James H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruelheide, Helge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budy, Phaedra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carvalho, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castañeda-Moya, Edward</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Chaolun Allen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chamblee, John F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chase, Tory J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siegwart Collier, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collinge, Sharon K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Condit, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cooper, Elisabeth J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelissen, J. Hans C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cotano, Unai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kyle Crow, Shannan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damasceno, Gabriella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Claire H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davis, Robert A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Frank P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Degraer, Steven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doherty, Tim S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunn, Timothy E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Durigan, Giselda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duffy, J. Emmett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edelist, Dor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edgar, Graham J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elahi, Robin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elmendorf, Sarah C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enemar, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernest, S. K. Morgan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escribano, Rubén</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estiarte, Marc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, Brian S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fan, Tung-Yung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turini Farah, Fabiano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loureiro Fernandes, Luiz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farneda, Fábio Z.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fidelis, Alessandra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fitt, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fosaa, Anna Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daher Correa Franco, Geraldo Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frank, Grace E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fraser, William R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García, Hernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Givan, Or</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorgone-Barbosa, Elizabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gould, William A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gries, Corinna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grossman, Gary D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutierréz, Julio R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hale, Stephen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harmon, Mark E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harte, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haskins, Gary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henshaw, Donald L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hermanutz, Luise</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hidalgo, Pamela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Higuchi, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoey, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Hoey, Gert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofgaard, Annika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holeck, Kristen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hollister, Robert D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holmes, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoogenboom, Mia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hsieh, Chih-hao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hubbell, Stephen P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huettmann, Falk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huffard, Christine L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hurlbert, Allen H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macedo Ivanauskas, Natália</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janík, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jandt, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jażdżewska, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannessen, Tore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnstone, Jill</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Julia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Faith A. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kang, Jungwon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kartawijaya, Tasrif</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keeley, Erin C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kelt, Douglas A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinnear, Rebecca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klanderud, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knutsen, Halvor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Christopher C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kortz, Alessandra R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Král, Kamil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuhnz, Linda A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuo, Chao-Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kushner, David J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laguionie-Marchais, Claire</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lancaster, Lesley T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Min Lee, Cheol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lefcheck, Jonathan S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lévesque, Esther</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lightfoot, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lloret, Francisco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lloyd, John D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López-Baucells, Adrià</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Louzao, Maite</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madin, Joshua S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnússon, Borgþór</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malamud, Shahar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matthews, Iain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McFarland, Kent P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGill, Brian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McLarney, William O.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meador, Jason</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meserve, Peter L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metcalfe, Daniel J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, Christoph F. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michelsen, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milchakova, Nataliya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moens, Tom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moland, Even</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moore, Jon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mathias Moreira, Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, Jörg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murphy, Grace</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers-Smith, Isla H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myster, Randall W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naumov, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neat, Francis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelson, James A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Nelson, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newton, Stephen F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norden, Natalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliver, Jeffrey C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olsen, Esben M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Onipchenko, Vladimir G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pabis, Krzysztof</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pabst, Robert J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paquette, Alain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardede, Sinta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paterson, David M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pélissier, Raphaël</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peñuelas, Josep</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérez-Matus, Alejandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pizarro, Oscar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pomati, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prins, Herbert H. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Provoost, Pieter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prudic, Kathleen L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulliainen, Erkki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh, B. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mendivil Ramos, Olivia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rassweiler, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rebelo, Jose Eduardo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reed, Daniel C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reich, Peter B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remillard, Suzanne M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richardson, Anthony J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richardson, J. Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Rijn, Itai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rocha, Ricardo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rixen, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, Kevin P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribeiro Rodrigues, Ricardo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres, Denise</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudstam, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruhl, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruz, Catalina S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sampaio, Erica M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rybicki, Nancy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rypel, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sal, Sofia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salgado, Beatriz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos, Flavio A. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Savassi-Coutinho, Ana Paula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scanga, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Jochen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schooley, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Setiawan, Fakhrizal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shao, Kwang-Tsao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaver, Gaius R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherman, Sally</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherry, Thomas W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siciński, Jacek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sievers, Caya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">da Silva, Ana Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodrigues da Silva, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silveira, Fabio L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slingsby, Jasper</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smart, Tracey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, Sara J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Souza, Gabriel B. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maluf Souza, Flaviana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro Souza, Vinícius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stallings, Christopher D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanforth, Rowan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanley, Emily H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mauro Sterza, José</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stevens, Maarten</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stuart-Smith, Rick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rondon Suarez, Yzel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supp, Sarah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Ecology and Biogeography</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">global</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species richness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temporal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">turnover</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geb.12729</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">760-786</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Motivation: &lt;/strong&gt;The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main types of variables included: &lt;/strong&gt;The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spatial location and grain:&lt;/strong&gt; BioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2). Time period and grain BioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Major taxa and level of measurement:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;BioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software format:&lt;/strong&gt; .csv and .SQL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyler J. Kohler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liptzin, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catch and release: Hyporheic retention and mineralization of N-fixing &lt;i&gt;Nostoc&lt;/i&gt; sustains downstream microbial mat biomass in two polar desert streams</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnology and Oceanography Letters</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnol. Oceanogr.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10087</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">357 - 364</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div title=&quot;Page 1&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Much work has been performed to investigate controls on nitrogen (N) uptake in streams, yet the fate of assimilated N is comparatively poorly resolved. Here, we use in-stream fixed N as an isotopic tracer to study the fate of assimilated N in glacial meltwater streams. We characterized&amp;nbsp;d15N signatures of Oscillatorean, Chlorophyte, and N-fixing&amp;nbsp;Nostoc&amp;nbsp;mats over the lengths of two streams, and transported particulate organic matter (POM) in one. POM was isotopically most similar to&amp;nbsp;Nostoc, which always had values near the atmospheric standard, suggesting N-fixation. Other mat types were depleted upstream, and became progressively enriched downstream, indicating a shift in N source. These results collectively show that&amp;nbsp;Nostoc-derived N is mobilized, mineralized, and increasingly assimilated downstream as more depleted glacier-derived N is exhausted, demonstrating the importance of organic matter processing to balancing elemental budgets, and improving our understanding of nutrient cycling in lotic environments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feeser, Kelli L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Van Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colman, Daniel R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McHugh, Theresa A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okie, Jordan G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schwartz, Egbert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Local and Regional Scale Heterogeneity Drive Bacterial Community Diversity and Composition in a Polar Desert</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Microbiology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Front. Microbiol.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01928/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The distribution of organisms in an environment is neither uniform nor random but is instead spatially patterned. The factors that control this patterning are complex and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Soil microbes are critical to ecosystem function but exhibit highly complex distributions and community dynamics due in large part to the scale-dependent effects of environmental heterogeneity. To better understand the impact of environmental heterogeneity on the distribution of soil microbes, we sequenced the 16S rRNA gene from bacterial communities in the microbe-dominated polar desert ecosystem of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica. Significant differences in key edaphic variables and alpha diversity were observed among the three lake basins of the Taylor Valley (Kruskal&amp;ndash;Wallis; pH: χ2 = 68.89, P &amp;lt; 0.001, conductivity: χ2 = 35.03, P &amp;lt; 0.001, observed species: χ2 = 7.98, P = 0.019 and inverse Simpson: χ2 = 18.52, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and each basin supported distinctive microbial communities (ANOSIM R = 0.466, P = 0.001, random forest ratio of 14.1). However, relationships between community structure and edaphic characteristics were highly variable and contextual, ranging in magnitude and direction across regional, basin, and local scales. Correlations among edaphic factors (pH and soil conductivity) and the relative abundance of specific phyla were most pronounced along local environmental gradients in the Lake Fryxell basin where Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria declined while Deinococcus&amp;ndash;Thermus and Gemmatimonadetes increased with soil conductivity (all P &amp;lt; 0.1). Species richness was most strongly related to the soil conductivity gradient present within this study system. We suggest that the relative importance of pH versus soil conductivity in structuring microbial communities is related to the length of edaphic gradients and the spatial scale of sampling. These results highlight the importance of conducting studies over large ranges of key environmental gradients and across multiple spatial scales to assess the influence of environmental heterogeneity on the composition and diversity of microbial communities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andriuzzi, Walter S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Observed trends of soil fauna in the Antarctic Dry Valleys: early signs of shifts predicted under climate change</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/ecy.2090/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">312 - 321</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvPS_TINR;&quot;&gt;Long-term observations of ecological communities are necessary for generating and testing predictions of ecosystem responses to climate change. We investigated temporal trends and spatial patterns of soil fauna along similar environmental gradients in three sites of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, spanning two distinct climatic phases: a decadal cool- ing trend from the early 1990s through the austral summer of February 2001, followed by a shift to the current trend of warming summers and more frequent discrete warming events. After February 2001, we observed a decline in the dominant species (the nematode &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvPS_TINI;&quot;&gt;Scottnema lindsayae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvPS_TINR;&quot;&gt;) and increased abundance and expanded distribution of less common taxa (rotifers, tardigrades, and other nematode species). Such diverging responses have resulted in slightly greater evenness and spatial homogeneity of taxa. However, total abundance of soil fauna appears to be declining, as positive trends of the less common species so far have not compen- sated for the declining numbers of the dominant species. Interannual variation in the propor- tion of juveniles in the dominant species was consistent across sites, whereas trends in abundance varied more. Structural equation modeling supports the hypothesis that the observed biological trends arose from dissimilar responses by dominant and less common spe- cies to pulses of water availability resulting from enhanced ice melt. No direct effects of mean summer temperature were found, but there is evidence of indirect effects via its weak but signif- icant positive relationship with soil moisture. Our findings show that combining an under- standing of species responses to environmental change with long-term observations in the field can provide a context for validating and refining predictions of ecological trends in the abun- dance and diversity of soil fauna.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil biological responses to C, N and P fertilization in a polar desert of Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038071718301081</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">122</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div title=&quot;Page 1&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the polar desert ecosystem of the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, biology is constrained by available liquid water, low temperatures, as well as the availability of organic matter and nutrient elements. These soil ecosystems are climate-sensitive, where projected future warming may have profound effects on biological communities and biogeochemical cycling. Warmer temperatures will mobilize meltwater from permafrost and glaciers, may increase precipitation and may be accompanied by pulses of nutrient availability. Enhanced water and nutrient availability have the potential to greatly influence desert soil biology and ecosystem processes. The objectives of this 5-year study were to determine which nutrient elements (C, N, P) are most limiting to dry valley soil communities and whether landscape history (i.e.,&amp;nbsp;in situ&amp;nbsp;soil type and stoichiometry) influences soil community response to nutrient additions. After 3 years of no noticeable response, soil CO2&amp;nbsp;flux was significantly higher under addition of C+ N than the other treatments, regardless of&amp;nbsp;in situ&amp;nbsp;soil stoichiometry, but microbial biomass and invertebrate abundance were variable and not influenced in the same manner. A stable isotope incubation suggests that fertilization increases C and N mineralization from organic matter via stimulating microbial activity, with loss of both the applied treatments as well&amp;nbsp;in situ&amp;nbsp;C and N. However, these responses are relatively short-lived, suggesting long-term impacts on C and N cycling would only occur if meltwater and nutrient pulses are sustained over time, a scenario that is increasingly likely for the dry valleys.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaw, E. Ashley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stable C and N isotope ratios reveal soil food web structure and identify the nematode &lt;I&gt;Eudorylaimus antarcticus&lt;/I&gt; as an omnivore–predator in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biol</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-017-2243-8</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">41</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1013–1018</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Soil food webs of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica are simple. These include primary trophic levels of mosses, algae, cyanobacteria, bacteria, archaea, and fungi, and their protozoan and metazoan consumers (including relatively few species of nematodes, tardigrades, rotifers, and microarthropods). These biota are patchily distributed across the landscape, with greatest faunal biodiversity associated with wet soil. Understanding trophic structure is critical to studies of biotic interactions and distribution; yet, McMurdo Dry Valley soil food web structure has been inferred from limited laboratory culturing and micro- scopic observations. To address this, we measured stable isotope natural abundance ratios of C (13C/12C) and N (15N/14N) for di erent metazoan taxa (using whole body biomass) to determine soil food web structure in Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Nitrogen isotopes were most useful in di erentiating trophic levels because they fractionated predictably at higher trophic levels. Using 15N/14N, we found that three trophic levels were present in wet soil habitats. While cyanobacterial mats were the primary trophic level, the nematode Plectus murrayi, tardigrade Acutuncus antarcticus, and rotifers composed a secondary trophic level of grazers. Eudorylaimus antarcticus had a 15N/14N ratio that was 2&amp;ndash;4&amp;permil; higher than that of grazers, indicating that this species is the sole member of a tertiary trophic level. Understanding the trophic positions of soil fauna is critical to predictions of current and future species interactions and their distributions for the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aanderud, Zachary T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saurey, Sabrina D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muscarella, Mario E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Griffin, Natasha A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stoichiometric Shifts in Soil C:N:P Promote Bacterial Taxa Dominance, Maintain Biodiversity, and Deconstruct Community Assemblages</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Microbiology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Front. Microbiol.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecological stoichiometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lake Fryxell Basin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">network community modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient colimitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solirubrobacteriaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01401/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Imbalances in C:N:P supply ratios may cause bacterial resource limitations and constrain biogeochemical processes, but the importance of shifts in soil stoichiometry are complicated by the nearly limitless interactions between an immensely rich species pool and a multiple chemical resource forms. To more clearly identify the impact of soil C:N:P on bacteria, we evaluated the cumulative effects of single and coupled long-term nutrient additions (i.e., C as mannitol, N as equal concentrations NH4 + and NO3 &amp;minus; , and P as Na3PO4) and water on communities in an Antarctic polar desert, Taylor Valley. Untreated soils possessed relatively low bacterial diversity, simplified organic C sources due to the absence of plants, limited inorganic N, and excess soil P potentially attenuating links between C:N:P. After 6 years of adding resources, an alleviation of C and N colimitation allowed one rare Micrococcaceae, an Arthrobacter species, to dominate, comprising 47% of the total community abundance and elevating soil respiration by 136% relative to untreated soils. The addition of N alone reduced C:N ratios, elevated bacterial richness and diversity, and allowed rare taxa relying on ammonium and nitrite for metabolism to become more abundant [e.g., nitrite oxidizing Nitrospira species (Nitrosomonadaceae), denitrifiers utilizing nitrite (Gemmatimonadaceae) and members of Rhodobacteraceae with a high affinity for ammonium]. Based on community co-occurrence networks, lower C:P ratios in soils following P and CP additions created more diffuse and less connected communities by disrupting 73% of species interactions and selecting for taxa potentially exploiting abundant P. Unlike amended nutrients, water additions alone elicited no lasting impact on communities. Our results suggest that as soils become nutrient rich a wide array of outcomes are possible from species dominance and the deconstruction of species interconnectedness to the maintenance of biodiversity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bullen, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ca isotopic geochemistry of an Antarctic aquatic system</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geophysical Research Letters</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geophys. Res. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GL071169/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">882 - 891</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are a polar desert ecosystem. The hydrologic system of the dry valleys is linked to climate with ephemeral streams that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;ow from glacial melt during the austral summer. Past climate variations have strongly in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;uenced the closed-basin, chemically strati&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;ed lakes on the valley &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;oor. Results of previous work point to important roles for both in-stream processes (e.g., mineral weathering, precipitation and dissolution of salts) and in-lake processes (e.g., mixing with paleo-seawater and calcite precipitation) in determining the geochemistry of these lakes. These processes have a signi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;cant in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;uence on calcium (Ca) biogeochemistry in this aquatic ecosystem, and thus variations in Ca stable isotope compositions of the waters can aid in validating the importance of these processes. We have analyzed the Ca stable isotope compositions of streams and lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. The results validate the important roles of weathering of aluminosilicate minerals and/or CaCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2; vertical-align: -2pt;&quot;&gt;3 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;in the hyporheic zone of the streams, and mixing of lake surface water with paleo-seawater and precipitation of Ca-salts during cryo-concentration events to form the deep lake waters. The lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys evolved following different geochemical pathways, evidenced by their unique, nonsystematic Ca isotope signatures.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singley, Joel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wlostowski, Adam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torrens, Christa L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chris Jaros</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, Colleen E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hendrickson, Patrick J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterizing hyporheic exchange processes using high-frequency electrical conductivity-discharge relationships on subhourly to interannual timescales</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Resources Research</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Resour. Res.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016WR019739/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4124 - 4141</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(35, 31, 32); font-family: AdvOT46dcae81; font-size: 9pt;&quot;&gt;Concentration-discharge (C-Q) relationships are often used to quantify source water contributions and biogeochemical processes occurring within catchments, especially during discrete hydrological events. Yet, the interpretation of C-Q hysteresis is often confounded by complexity of the critical zone, such as numerous source waters and hydrochemical nonstationarity. Consequently, researchers must often ignore important runoff pathways and geochemical sources/sinks, especially the hyporheic zone because it lacks a distinct hydrochemical signature. Such simplifications limit efforts to identify processes responsible for the transience of C-Q hysteresis over time. To address these limitations, we leverage the hydrologic simplicity and long-term, high-frequency Q and electrical conductivity (EC) data from streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. In this two end-member system, EC can serve as a proxy for the concentration of solutes derived from the hyporheic zone. We utilize a novel approach to decompose loops into subhysteretic EC-Q dynamics to identify individual mechanisms governing hysteresis across a wide range of timescales. We find that hydrologic and hydraulic processes govern EC response to diel and seasonal Q variability and that the effects of hyporheic mixing processes on C-Q transience differ in short and long streams. We also observe that variable hyporheic turnover rates govern EC-Q patterns at daily to interannual timescales. Last, subhysteretic analysis reveals a period of interannual freshening of glacial meltwater streams related to the effects of unsteady flow on hyporheic exchange. The subhysteretic analysis framework we introduce may be applied more broadly to constrain the processes controlling C-Q transience and advance understanding of catchment evolution.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thompson, Luke R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanders, Jon G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McDonald, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amir, Amnon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ladau, Joshua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locey, Kenneth J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prill, Robert J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tripathi, Anupriya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibbons, Sean M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ackermann, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navas-Molina, Jose A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janssen, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kopylova, Evguenia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vázquez-Baeza, Yoshiki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonio González</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morton, James T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirarab, Siavash</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zech Xu, Zhenjiang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang, Lingjing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haroon, Mohamed F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanbar, Jad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, Qiyun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jin Song, Se</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kosciolek, Tomasz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokulich, Nicholas A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lefler, Joshua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brislawn, Colin J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humphrey, Gregory</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owens, Sarah M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berg-Lyons, Donna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKenzie, Valerie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noah Fierer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuhrman, Jed A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clauset, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stevens, Rick L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shade, Ashley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollard, Katherine S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goodwin, Kelly D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jansson, Janet K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilbert, Jack A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knight, Rob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Earth Microbiome Project Consortium</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/nature24621</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">551</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Our growing awareness of the microbial world&amp;rsquo;s importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple studies and allow us to explore patterns of diversity at an unprecedented scale. The result is both a reference database giving global context to DNA sequence data and a framework for incorporating data from future studies, fostering increasingly complete characterization of Earth&amp;rsquo;s microbial diversity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">457</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brewster, Shelby A.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparing the Weathering Environment of Permian and Modern Antarctic Proglacial Lake Sediments: Mineralogical and Geochemical Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">School of Earth Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/1811/80763</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Ohio State University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Columbus, OH</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The Antarctic continent has been in a polar to subpolar position since the Permian period. Although it has experienced milder climates over this time period as evidenced by corals in the fossil record, Antarctica did undergo extensive glaciation during the Permian. This is based on the abundance of Permian tillites (sedimentary rocks derived from glacier tills) found in the Transantarctic Mountains. In this research, I have compared Permian age proglacial lake sediments that are associated with tilites to modern proglacial lake siltstones and mudstones from Antarctica. This was done to determine the climate, especially the amount of glacier melt that occurred when these Permian sediments were deposited. The modern lake sediments are deposited in perennially ice-covered lakes by ephemeral streams that only flow 6 to 12 weeks a year. The geochemical analyses of the Permian samples and the modern sediments from Lake Hoare in the McMurdo Dry Valleys suggest that the Permian samples are more highly chemically weathered than the modern sediments. The mineralogy of Lake Hoare sediments contain more primary minerals than chemical weathering produced minerals in the Pagoda Formation rocks, thus supporting the geochemical analysis that the Pagoda Formation minerals have been more weathered. All these data suggest that the Permian lake samples were deposited in a warmer, more hydrogeologically active environment than were the modern lake sediments. These data support previously published sedimentological and paleontological data that the Pagoda samples were deposited under more temperate or warm-based proglacial conditions than what is observed in the McMurdo Dry Valleys today.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bachelors</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martijn L. Vandegehuchte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decadal ecosystem response to an anomalous melt season in a polar desert in Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Ecol Evol</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-017-0253-0</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1334-1338</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matthew Knox</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andriuzzi, Walter S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decoupled responses of soil bacteria and their invertebrate consumer to warming, but not freeze-thaw cycles, in the Antarctic Dry Valleys</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology Letters</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecol Lett</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ele.12819/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1242-1249</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Altered temperature profiles resulting in increased warming and freeze&amp;ndash;thaw cycle (FTC) frequency pose great ecological challenges to organisms in alpine and polar ecosystems. We performed a laboratory microcosm experiment to investigate how temperature variability affects soil bacterial cell numbers, and abundance and traits of soil microfauna (the microbivorous nematode Scottnema lindsayae) from McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. FTCs and constant freezing shifted nematode body size distribution towards large individuals, driven by higher mortality among smaller individuals. FTCs reduced both bacterial and nematode abundance, but bacterial cell numbers also declined under warming, demonstrating decoupled consumer&amp;ndash;prey responses. We predict that higher occurrence of FTCs in cold ecosystems will select for large body size within soil microinvertebrates and overall reduce their abundance. In contrast, warm temperatures without FTCs could lead to divergent responses in soil bacteria and their microinvertebrate consumers, potentially affecting energy and nutrient transfer rates in soil food webs of cold ecosystems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rojas-Jimenez, Keilor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wurzbacher, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bourne, Elizabeth Charlotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amy Chiuchiolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grossart, Hans-Peter</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early diverging lineages within Cryptomycota and Chytridiomycota dominate the fungal communities in ice-covered lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientific Reports</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sci Rep</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-15598-w</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic ice-covered lakes are exceptional sites for studying the ecology of aquatic fungi under conditions of minimal human disturbance. In this study, we explored the diversity and community composition of fungi in five permanently covered lake basins located in the Taylor and Miers Valleys of Antarctica. Based on analysis of the 18S rRNA sequences, we showed that fungal taxa represented between 0.93% and 60.32% of the eukaryotic sequences. Cryptomycota and Chytridiomycota dominated the fungal communities in all lakes; however, members of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, and Blastocladiomycota were also present. Of the 1313 fungal OTUs identified, the two most abundant, belonging to LKM11 and Chytridiaceae, comprised 74% of the sequences. Significant differences in the community structure were determined among lakes, water depths, habitat features (i.e., brackish vs. freshwaters), and nucleic acids (DNA vs. RNA), suggesting niche differentiation. Network analysis suggested the existence of strong relationships among specific fungal phylotypes as well as between fungi and other eukaryotes. This study sheds light on the biology and ecology of basal fungi in aquatic systems. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the predominance of early diverging lineages of fungi in pristine limnetic ecosystems, particularly of the enigmatic phylum Cryptomycota.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15348</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bishop, Ian W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah A. Spaulding</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life cycle size dynamics in &lt;i&gt;Didymosphenia geminata&lt;/i&gt;               (Bacillariophyceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Phycology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Phycol.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jpy.12528/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">652 - 663</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBASBI;&quot;&gt;Didymosphenia geminata &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBAS;&quot;&gt;has received a great deal of attention in the last 25 years, and considerable effort has gone into determining the origin, ecological impact, and economic consequences of its invasive behavior. While environmental conditions are a controlling influence in distribution, the extreme success of the species may be tied to its basic biology and life history. Little is known, however, about population dynamics, size restoration and reproduction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBASBI;&quot;&gt;D. geminata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBAS;&quot;&gt;. The objective of this study was to determine the temporal patterns in cell size frequency, size restoration strategy, and synchronization of life cycles between populations in close proximity. We implemented FlowCam technology to measure the length of more than 100,000 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBASBI;&quot;&gt;D. geminata &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBAS;&quot;&gt;cells from two sites in South Boulder Creek, Colorado over 1 year. We applied finite mixture modeling to uncover temporal patterns in size distribution. Our results show that collections of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBASBI;&quot;&gt;D. geminata &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBAS;&quot;&gt;exhibited a complex, multimodal size distribution, almost always containing four overlapping age cohorts. We failed to observe direct visual evidence of the sexual phase. Multiple abrupt and directional shifts in size distribution, however, were documented providing conclusive evidence of cell size restoration. Lastly, nodules in close proximity were asynchronous with respect to size frequency profiles and size diminution, highlighting the relevance of spatial heterogeneity in in situ diatom size dynamics. This study is the first to document the complexity of diatom cell size distribution in a lotic system, size restoration in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBASBI;&quot;&gt;D. geminata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: AdvPSNBAS;&quot;&gt;, and the variability in rates of size reduction at microhabitat spatial scales.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kevin M. Geyer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary productivity as a control over soil microbial diversity along environmental gradients in a polar desert ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PeerJ</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://peerj.com/articles/3377/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e3377</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvP7627;&quot;&gt;Primary production is the fundamental source of energy to foodwebs and ecosystems, and is thus an important constraint on soil communities. This coupling is particularly evident in polar terrestrial ecosystems where biological diversity and activity is tightly constrained by edaphic gradients of productivity (e.g., soil moisture, organic carbon availability) and geochemical severity (e.g., pH, electrical conductivity). In the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, environmental gradients determine numerous properties of soil communities and yet relatively few estimates of gross or net primary productivity (GPP, NPP) exist for this region. Here we describe a survey utilizing pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorometry to estimate rates of GPP across a broad environmental gradient along with belowground microbial diversity and decomposition. PAM estimates of GPP ranged from an average of 0.27 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvPS7DA6;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvP7627;&quot;&gt;mol O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; font-family: AdvP7627; vertical-align: -2pt;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvP7627;&quot;&gt;/m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; font-family: AdvP7627; vertical-align: 5pt;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvP7627;&quot;&gt;/s in the most arid soils to an average of 6.97 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvPS7DA6;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvP7627;&quot;&gt;mol O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; font-family: AdvP7627; vertical-align: -2pt;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvP7627;&quot;&gt;/m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; font-family: AdvP7627; vertical-align: 5pt;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvP7627;&quot;&gt;/s in the most productive soils, the latter equivalent to 217 g C/m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; font-family: AdvP7627; vertical-align: 5pt;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: AdvP7627;&quot;&gt;/y in annual NPP assuming a 60 day growing season. A diversity index of four carbon-acquiring enzyme activities also increased with soil productivity, suggesting that the diversity of organic substrates in mesic environments may be an additional driver of microbial diversity. Overall, soil productivity was a stronger predictor of microbial diversity and enzymatic activity than any estimate of geochemical severity. These results highlight the fundamental role of environmental gradients to control community diversity and the dynamics of ecosystem-scale carbon pools in arid systems.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, Bryan L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A simulation-based approach to understand how metacommunity characteristics influence emergent biodiversity patterns</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oikos</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/oik.03690</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">126</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">723-737</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;To understand controls over biodiversity, it is necessary to take a multi-scale approach to understand how local and regional factors a ect the community assembly processes that drive emergent patterns. &amp;nbsp;is need is re ected in the growing use of the metacommunity concept to interpret multi-scale measures of biodiversity, including metrics derived from diversity partitioning (e.g. a, b and g diversity) and variation partitioning (e.g. spatial and environmental components of compositional turnover) techniques. However, studies have shown limited success using these metrics to characterize underlying community assembly dynamics. Here we demonstrate how a metacommunity simulation package (MCSim) can be used to evaluate when and how biodiversity metrics can be used to make inferences about metacommunity characteristics. We examined a wide range of parameter settings representing ecologically relevant scenarios. We used artificial neural networks (ANNs) to assess the sensitivity of diversity and variation partitioning metrics (calculated from simulation outcomes) to metacommunity parameter settings. In the scenarios examined in this study, the niche-neutral gradient strongly in uenced most biodiversity metrics, metacommunity size exhibited a marginal influence over some metrics, and dispersal dynamics only a ected a subset of variation partitioning outcomes. Variation partitioning response curves along the niche-neutral gradient were not monotonic; however, simulation outcomes suggest other biodiversity metrics (e.g. dissimilarity saturation) can be used in combination with variation partitioning metrics to make inferences about metacommunity properties. With the growing availability of archived ecological data, we expect future work will apply simulation-based techniques to better understand links between biodiversity and the metacommunity characteristics that are presumed to control the underlying community assembly processes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pearce, David A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alekhina, Irina A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terauds, Aleks</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilmotte, Annick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quesada, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwards, Arwyn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dommergue, Aurelien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sattler, Birgit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magalhaes, Catarina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Wan-Loy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lau, Maggie C. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, David J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eguren, Gabriela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matcher, Gwynneth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bradley, James A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Vera, Jean-Pierre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elster, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hughes, Kevin A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cuthbertson, Lewis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benning, Liane G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunde-Cimerman, Nina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Convey, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hong, Soon Gyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pointing, Steve B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pellizari, Vivian H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vincent, Warwick F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aerobiology Over Antarctica – A New Initiative for Atmospheric Ecology</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Microbiology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Front. Microbiol.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://journal.frontiersin.org/Article/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00016/abstract</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">776796194610314927235011365134445142846479110123936574</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53307413</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trista J. Vick-Majors</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achberger, Amanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santibáñez, Pamela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Dore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hodson, Timothy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander B. Michaud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brent C. Christner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jill Ai, Jill. Mikucki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skidmore, Mark L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powell, Ross</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adkins, W. Peyton</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbante, Carlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scherer, Reed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogeochemistry and microbial diversity in the marine cavity beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnology and Oceanography</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnol. Oceanogr.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/lno.v61.2http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/lno.10234http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Flno.10234</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">572 - 586</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sakaeva, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyler J. Kohler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah A. Spaulding</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howkins, Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence for dispersal and habitat controls on pond diatom communities from the McMurdo Sound Region of Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biol</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-016-1901-6http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00300-016-1901-6http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00300-016-1901-6.pdfhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00300-016-1901-6/fulltext.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clare R. Beet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gemma E. Collins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John-James Wilson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic diversity among populations of Antarctic springtails (Collembola) within the Mackay Glacier ecotone &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-09-2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/gen-2015-0194</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">762 - 770</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassan J. Basagic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niebuhr, Spencer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glaciers in equilibrium, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Glaciology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Glaciol.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glaciers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mass balance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022143016000861</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">976 - 989</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys are a cold, dry polar desert and the alpine glaciers therein exhibit small annual and seasonal mass balances, often &amp;lt;&amp;plusmn;0.06 m w.e. Typically, winter is the accumulation season, but significant snow storms can occur any time of year occasionally making summer the accumulation season. The yearly equilibrium line altitude is poorly correlated with mass balance because the elevation gradient of mass balance on each glacier can change dramatically from year to year. Most likely, winds redistribute the light snowfall disrupting the normal gradient of increasing mass balance with elevation. Reconstructed cumulative mass balance shows that the glaciers have lost &amp;lt;2 m w.e. over the past half century and area changes show minimal retreat. In most cases these changes are less than the uncertainty and the glaciers are considered in equilibrium. Since 2000, however, the glaciers have lost mass despite relatively stable summer air temperatures suggesting a different mechanism in play. Whether this trend is a harbinger of future changes or a temporary excursion is unclear.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, Kristi R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hebert, Paul D. N.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High levels of intraspecific genetic divergences revealed for Antarctic springtails: evidence for small-scale isolation during Pleistocene glaciation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biol. J. Linn. Soc.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-09-2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://academic.oup.com/biolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/bij.12796https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fbij.12796</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">119</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">166 - 178</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowman, Jeff S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trista J. Vick-Majors</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hugh W. Ducklow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Community Dynamics in Two Polar Extremes: The Lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and the West Antarctic Peninsula Marine Ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioScience</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioScience</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-10-2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/biosci/biw103https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/66/10/829/2236137/Microbial-Community-Dynamics-in-Two-Polar-Extremes</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">829 - 847</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winter, Ara S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Van Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schwartz, Egbert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Community Responses to Increased Water and Organic Matter in the Arid Soils of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Microbiology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Front. Microbiol.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01040</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e23484S2237R25e97876e16410550e61217386e14510884660e19953e2527e661032901141</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1040</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acosta, Dimitri R.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berkelhammer, Max</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling Surface Photosynthetic Active Radiation in Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Earth and Environmental Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">digital elevation model (DEM)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">geographical information system (GIS)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ice-covered lakes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">meteorological data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R model</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://indigo.uic.edu/handle/10027/21180</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Illinois at Chicago</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chicago, IL</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em;&quot;&gt;Understanding primary productivity is a core research area of the National Science Foundation&amp;rsquo;s Long-Term Ecological Research Network. This study maps surface Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) using long term data collected by a meteorological network in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Four stations with ~20 years of records were used to correct T-sPAR, a topographic surface PAR model. Maximum expected daily surface PAR at meteorological stations was calculated for Taylor Valley, through statistical analysis of location records using a local regression model that included 84% of all observations. Expected values represent daily surface PAR under cloudless conditions. Daily measured and expected PAR was used to model cloud coverage at each location, corroborating that overcast conditions are positively correlated with proximity to the ocean. Ground-truth data collected for TaylorValley&amp;rsquo;s major lakes&amp;nbsp;during the 2015/2016 field season were used to validate T-sPAR estimates. The final model approximates total seasonal surface PAR for the Taylor Valley basin. Bi- monthly maps estimate total surface PAR by lake to assist in future sampling site selection. Finally, a user interface was developed to estimate total daily surface PAR by coordinate or surface based on a user input date.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Controls on diel soil CO2 flux across moisture gradients in a polar desert</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&amp;aid=9776001&amp;fileId=S0954102015000255</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are a climate-sensitive ecosystem, where future projected climate warming will increase liquid water availability to release soil biology from physical limitations and alter ecosystem processes. For example, many studies have shown that CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux, an important aspect of the carbon cycle, is controlled by temperature and moisture, which often overwhelm biotic contributions in desert ecosystems. However, these studies used either single-point measurements during peak times of biological activity or diel cycles at individual locations. Here, we present diel cycles of CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux from a range of soil moisture conditions and a variety of locations and habitats to determine how diel cycles of CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux vary across gradients of wet-to-dry soil and whether the water source influences the diel cycle of moist soil. Soil temperature, water content and microbial biomass significantly influenced CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux. Soil temperature explained most of the variation. Soil CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux moderately increased with microbial biomass, demonstrating a sometimes small but significant role of biological fluxes. Our results show that over gradients of soil moisture, both geochemical and biological fluxes contribute to soil CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux, and physical factors must be considered when estimating biological CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux in systems with low microbial biomass.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanderbilt, Kristin L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lin, Chau-Chin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lu, Sheng-Shan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kassim, Abd Rahman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">He, Honglin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guo, Xuebing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inigo San Gil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blankman, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porter, John H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fostering ecological data sharing: collaborations in the International Long Term Ecological Research Network</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosphere</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosphere</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.esajournals.org/doi/10.1890/ES14-00281.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(199, 198, 204);&quot;&gt;The International Long Term Ecological Research (ILTER) Network was established in 1993 and is now composed of thirty-eight national networks representing a diversity of ecosystems around the globe. Data generated by the ILTER Network are valuable for scientists addressing broad spatial and temporal scale research questions, but only if these data can be easily discovered, accessed, and understood. Challenges to publishing ILTER data have included unequal distribution among networks of information management expertise, user-friendly tools, and resources. Language and translation have also been issues. Despite these significant obstacles, ILTER information managers have formed grassroots partnerships and collaborated to provide information management training, adopt a common metadata standard, develop information management tools useful throughout the network, and organize scientist/information manager workshops that encourage scientists to share and integrate data. Throughout this article, we share lessons learned from the successes of these grassroots international partnerships to inform others who wish to collaborate internationally on projects that depend on data sharing entailing similar management challenges.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(199, 198, 204);&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Melinda D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La Pierre, Kimberly J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collins, SL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knapp, Alan K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Katherine L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frey, Serita D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gough, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, Robert J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, James T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rustad, Lindsey E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yarie, John</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global environmental change and the nature of aboveground net primary productivity responses: insights from long-term experiments</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oecologia</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oecologia</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00442-015-3230-9http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00442-015-3230-9</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">177</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">935 - 947</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, Bryan L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carey, Cayelan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tornwall, Brett M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swan, Christopher M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linking management to biodiversity in built ponds using metacommunity simulations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Modelling</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Modelling</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304380014004918</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">296</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36 - 45</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyler J. Kohler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stenven Crisp</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koch, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liptzin, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baeseman, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> Long-Term Hydrologic Control of Microbial Mat Abundance in McMurdo Dry Valley Streams, Antarctica.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10021-014-9829-6</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">310-327</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.8px;&quot;&gt;Given alterations in global hydrologic regime, we examine the role of hydrology in regulating stream microbial mat abundance in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Here, perennial mats persist as a desiccated crust until revived by summer streamflow, which varies inter-annually, and has increased since the 1990s. We predicted high flows to scour mats, and intra-seasonal drying to slow growth. Responses were hypothesized to differ based on mat location within streams, along with geomorphology, which may promote (high coverage) or discourage (low coverage) accrual. We compared hydrologic trends with the biomass of green and orange mats, which grow in the channel, and black mats growing at stream margins for 16 diverse stream transects over two decades. We found mat biomass collectively decreased during first decade coinciding with low flows, and increased following elevated discharges. Green mat biomass showed the greatest correlations with hydrology and was stimulated by discharge in high coverage transects, but negatively correlated in low coverage due to habitat scour. In contrast, orange mat biomass was negatively related to flow in high coverage transects, but positively correlated in low coverage because of side-channel expansion. Black mats were weakly correlated with all hydrologic variables regardless of coverage. Lastly, model selection indicated the best combination of predictive hydrologic variables for biomass differed between mat types, but also high and low coverage transects. These results demonstrate the importance of geomorphology and species composition to modeling primary production, and will be useful in predicting ecological responses of benthic habitats to altered hydrologic regimes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">310</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okie, Jordan G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Van Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storch, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kopsova, Lenka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niche and metabolic principles explain patterns of diversity and distribution: theory and a case study with soil bacterial communities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proc. R. Soc. B</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/lookup/doi/10.1098/rspb.2014.2630</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">282</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2630</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);&quot;&gt;The causes of biodiversity patterns are controversial and elusive due to complex environmental variation, covarying changes in communities, and lack of baseline and null theories to differentiate straightforward causes from more complex mechanisms. To address these limitations, we developed general diversity theory integrating metabolic principles with niche-based community assembly. We evaluated this theory by investigating patterns in the diversity and distribution of soil bacteria taxa across four orders of magnitude variation in spatial scale on an Antarctic mountainside in low complexity, highly oligotrophic soils. Our theory predicts that lower temperatures should reduce taxon niche widths along environmental gradients due to decreasing growth rates, and the changing niche widths should lead to contrasting α- and β-diversity patterns. In accord with the predictions, α-diversity, niche widths and occupancies decreased while β-diversity increased with increasing elevation and decreasing temperature. The theory also successfully predicts a hump-shaped relationship between α-diversity and pH and a negative relationship between α-diversity and salinity. Thus, a few simple principles explained systematic microbial diversity variation along multiple gradients. Such general theory can be used to disentangle baseline effects from more complex effects of temperature and other variables on biodiversity patterns in a variety of ecosystems and organisms.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section abstract&quot; id=&quot;abstract-1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; outline: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.04px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; clear: both; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1809</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisson, K. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sue Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheets, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph S. Levy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patterns and processes of salt efflorescences in the McMurdo region, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artic, Antarctic and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://aaarjournal.org/doi/abs/10.1657/AAAR0014-024</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Evaporite salts are abundant around the McMurdo region, Antarctica (~78&amp;deg;S) due to very low precipitation, low relative humidity, and limited overland flow. Hygroscopic salts in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs) are preferentially formed in locations where liquid water is present in the austral summer, including along ephemeral streams, ice-covered lake boundaries, or shallow groundwater tracks. In this study, we collected salts from the Miers, Garwood, and Taylor Valleys on the Antarctic continent, as well as around McMurdo Station on Ross Island in close proximity to water sources with the goal of understanding salt geochemistry in relationship to the hydrology of the area. Halite is ubiquitous; sodium is the major cation (ranging from 70%&amp;ndash;90% of cations by meq kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;sediment) and chloride is the major anion (&amp;gt;50%) in nearly all samples. However, a wide variety of salt phases and morphologies are tentatively identified through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) work. We present new data that identifies trona (Na&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;(CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;)(HCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;)&amp;middot;2H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;O), tentative gaylussite (Na&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Ca(CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;middot;5H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;O), and tentative glauberite (Na&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Ca(SO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;) in the MDV, of which the later one has not been documented previously. Our work allows for the evaluation of processes that influence brine evolution on a local scale, consequently informing assumptions underlying large-scale processes (such as paleoclimate) in the MDV. Hydrological modeling conducted in FREZCHEM and PHREEQC suggests that a model based on aerosol deposition alone in low elevations on the valley floor inadequately characterizes salt distributions found on the surfaces of the soil because it does not account for other hydrologic inputs/outputs. Implications for the salt distributions include their use as tracers for paleolake levels, geochemical tracers of ephemeral water tracks or &amp;ldquo;wet patches&amp;rdquo; in the soil, indicators of chemical weathering products, and potential delineators of ecological communities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyler J. Kohler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethan Chatfield</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recovery of Antarctic stream epilithon from simulated scouring events</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-08-2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0954102015000024</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">341 - 354</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Microbial mats are common in polar streams and often dominate benthic biomass. Climate change may be enhancing the variability of stream flows in the Antarctic, but so far studies investigating mat responses to disturbance have been limited in this region. Mat regrowth was evaluated following disturbance by experimentally scouring rocks from an ephemeral McMurdo Dry Valley stream over two summers (2001&amp;ndash;02 and 2012&amp;ndash;13). Mats were sampled at the beginning and resampled at the end of the flow season. In 2012&amp;ndash;13, mats were additionally resampled mid-season along with previously undisturbed controls. In 2001&amp;ndash;02 rocks regained 47% of chlorophyll&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;and 40% of ash-free dry mass by the end of the summer, while in 2012&amp;ndash;13 rocks regrew 18% and 27%, respectively. Mat stoichiometry differed between summers, and reflected differences in biomass and discharge.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Oscillatoria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. were greatest on scoured rocks and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Phormidium&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. on undisturbed rocks. Small diatoms&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Humidophila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Fistulifera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. increased throughout the summer in all mats, with the latter more abundant in scoured communities. Collectively, these data suggest that mats are variable intra-annually, responsive to hydrology and require multiple summers to regrow initial biomass once lost. These results will aid the interpretation of long-term data, as well as inform Antarctic Specially Managed Area protocols.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kennicutt, M.C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steven L. Chown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cassano, J.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liggett, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lloyd S. Peck</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massom, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rintoul, S.R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storey, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaughan, D.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, T.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allison, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayton, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badhe, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baeseman, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, P.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elanor R. Bell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertler, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bo, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brandt, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Bromwich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark, M.S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Convey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, E.S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deconto, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunbar, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elfring, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escutia, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francis, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fricker, H.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fukuchi, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilbert, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutt, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Havermans, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hik, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hosie, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Y.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Le Maho, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, S.H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leppe, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leitchenkov, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, X.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipenkov, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lochte, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López-Martínez, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">üdecke, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marenssi, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morozova, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naish, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayak, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravindra, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retamales, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricci, C.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rogan-Finnemore, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ropert-Coudert, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samah, A.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanson, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scambos, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I.R. Schloss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shiraishi, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siegert, M.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simões, J.C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storey, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sparrow, M.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walsh, J.C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winther, J.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.C. Xavier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutherland, W.J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A roadmap for Antarctic and Southern Ocean science for the next two decades and beyond</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-02-2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0954102014000674</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3 - 18</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic and Southern Ocean science is vital to understanding natural variability, the processes that govern global change and the role of humans in the Earth and climate system. The potential for new knowledge to be gained from future Antarctic science is substantial. Therefore, the international Antarctic community came together to &amp;lsquo;scan the horizon&amp;rsquo; to identify the highest priority scientific questions that researchers should aspire to answer in the next two decades and beyond. Wide consultation was a fundamental principle for the development of a collective, international view of the most important future directions in Antarctic science. From the many possibilities, the horizon scan identified 80 key scientific questions through structured debate, discussion, revision and voting. Questions were clustered into seven topics: i) Antarctic atmosphere and global connections, ii) Southern Ocean and sea ice in a warming world, iii) ice sheet and sea level, iv) the dynamic Earth, v) life on the precipice, vi) near-Earth space and beyond, and vii) human presence in Antarctica. Answering the questions identified by the horizon scan will require innovative experimental designs, novel applications of technology, invention of next-generation field and laboratory approaches, and expanded observing systems and networks. Unbiased, non-contaminating procedures will be required to retrieve the requisite air, biota, sediment, rock, ice and water samples. Sustained year-round access to Antarctica and the Southern Ocean will be essential to increase winter-time measurements. Improved models are needed that represent Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the Earth System, and provide predictions at spatial and temporal resolutions useful for decision making. A co-ordinated portfolio of cross-disciplinary science, based on new models of international collaboration, will be essential as no scientist, programme or nation can realize these aspirations alone&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winslow, Luke A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilary A. Dugan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cronin, Kyle D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Autonomous Year-Round Sampling and Sensing to Explore the Physical and Biological Habitability of Permanently Ice-Covered Antarctic Lakes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marine Technology Society Journal</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mar technol soc j</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-09-2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://openurl.ingenta.com/content/xref?genre=article&amp;issn=0025-3324&amp;volume=48&amp;issue=5&amp;spage=8http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mts/mtsj/2014/00000048/00000005/art00002</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8 - 17</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(45, 44, 44); font-family: OpenSansRegular; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.5714302062988px;&quot;&gt;The lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are some of the only systems on our planet that are perennially ice-covered and support year-round metabolism. As such, these ecosystems can provide important information on conditions and life in polar regions on Earth and on other icy worlds in our solar system. Working in these extreme environments of the Dry Valleys poses many challenges, particularly with respect to data collection during dark winter months when logistical constraints make fieldwork difficult. In this paper, we describe the motivation, design, and challenges for this recently deployed instrumentation in Lake Bonney, a lake that has been the subject of summer research efforts for more than 40 years. The instrumentation deployed includes autonomous water, phytoplankton, and sediment samplers as well as cable-mounted profiling platforms with dissolved gas and fluorometry sensors. Data obtained from these instruments will allow us, for the first time, to define the habitability of this environment during the polar night. We include lessons learned during deployment and recommendations for effective instrument operation in these extreme conditions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kevin M. Geyer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam E. Altrichter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial community composition of divergent soil habitats from a polar desert.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEMS Microbiology Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">490-494</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edaphic factors such as pH, organic matter, and salinity are often the most significant drivers of diversity patterns in soil bacterial communities. Desert ecosystems in particular are model locations for examining such relationships as food web complexity is low and the soil environment is biogeochemically heterogeneous. Here, we present the findings from a 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach used to observe the differences in diversity and community composition among three divergent soil habitats of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Results show that alpha diversity is significantly lowered in high pH soils, which contain higher proportions of the phyla Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria, while mesic soils with higher soil organic carbon (and ammonium) content contain high proportions of Nitrospira, a nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. Taxonomic community resolution also had a significant impact on our conclusions, as pH was the primary predictor of phylum-level diversity, while moisture was the most significant predictor of diversity at the genus level. Predictive power also increased with increasing taxonomic resolution, suggesting a potential increase in nic</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Short Communication</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">490</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schwartz, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Van Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okie, J.G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization of Growing Bacterial Populations in McMurdo Dry Valley Soils through Stable Isotope Probing with 18O-water.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEMS Microbiology Ecology.</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415-425</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil microbial communities of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (MDV) contain representatives from at least fourteen bacterial phyla. However, given low rates of microbial activity, it is unclear whether this richness represents functioning rather than dormant members of the community. We used stable isotope probing (SIP) with (18) O-water to determine if microbial populations grow in MDV soils. Changes in the microbial community were characterized in soils amended with H2 (18) O and H2 (18) O-organic matter. Sequencing the 16S rRNA genes of the heavy and light fractions of the bacterial community DNA shows that DNA of microbial populations was labeled with (18) O-water, indicating these micro-organisms grew in the MDV soils. Significant differences existed in the community composition of the heavy and light fractions of the H2 (18) O and H2 (18) O-organic matter amended samples (Anosim P &lt; 0.05 of weighted Unifrac distance). Control samples and the light DNA fraction of the H2 (18) O amended samples were dominated by representatives of the phyla Deinococcus-Thermus, Proteobacteria, Planctomyces, Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria, whereas Proteobacteria were more prevalent in the heavy DNA fractions from the H2 (18) O-water and the H2 (18) O-water-organic matter treatments. Our results indicate that SIP with H2 (18) O can be used to distinguish active bacterial populations even in this low organic matter environment.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broos, Emma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matthew Knox</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Biogeography of the Terrestrial Nematodes of Victoria Land, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ZooKeys</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ZK</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=3899</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">419</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29 - 71</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The ecological role of moss in a polar desert: implications for aboveground- belowground and terrestrial -aquatic linkages.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00300-014-1465-2</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">651-664</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kevin M. Geyer</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Controls Over the Distribution and Function of Antarctic Soil Bacterial Communities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogeochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">productivity/diversity theory</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64417</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virginia Tech</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blacksburg, VA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph.D.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div title=&quot;Page 2&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Microbial community composition plays a vital role in soil biogeochemical cycling. Information that explains the biogeography of microorganisms is consequently necessary for predicting the timing and magnitude of important ecosystem services mediated by soil biota, such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. Theory developed to explain patterns in plant and animal distributions such as the prevalent relationship between ecosystem productivity and diversity may be successfully extended to microbial systems and accelerate an emerging ecological understanding of the &amp;quot;unseen majority.&amp;quot; These considerations suggest a need to define the important mechanisms which affect microbial biogeography as well as the sensitivity of community structure/function to changing climatic or environmental conditions. To this end, my dissertation covers three data chapters in which I have 1) examined patterns in bacterial biogeography using gradients of environmental severity and productivity to identify changes in community diversity (e.g. taxonomic richness) and structure (e.g. similarity); 2) detected potential bacterial ecotypes associated with distinct soil habitats such as those of high alkalinity or electrical conductivity and; 3) measured environmental controls over the function (e.g. primary production, exoenzyme activity) of soil organisms in an environment of severe environmental limitations. Sampling was performed in the polar desert of Antarctica&amp;#39;s McMurdo Dry Valleys, a model ecosystem which hosts microbially-dominated soil foodwebs and displays heterogeneously distributed soil properties across the landscape. Results for Chapter 2 indicate differential effects of resource availability and geochemical severity on bacterial communities,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em;&quot;&gt;with a significant productivity-diversity relationship that plateaus near the highest observed concentrations of the limiting resource organic carbon (0.30mg C/g soil). Geochemical severity (e.g. pH, electrical conductivity) primarily affected bacterial community similarity and successfully explained the divergent structure of a subset of samples. 16S rRNA amplicon pyrosequencing further revealed in Chapter 3 the identity of specific phyla that preferentially exist within certain habitats (i.e.&amp;nbsp;Acidobacteria&amp;nbsp;in alkaline soils,&amp;nbsp;Nitrospira&amp;nbsp;in mesic soils) suggesting the presence of niche specialists and spatial heterogeneity of taxa-specific functions (i.e. nitrite oxidation). Additionally, environmental parameters had different explanatory power towards predicting bacterial richness at varying taxonomic scales, from 57% of phylum-level richness with pH to 91% of order- and genus-level richness with moisture. Finally, Chapter 4 details a simultaneous sampling of soil communities and their associated ecosystem functions (primary productivity, enzymatic decomposition) and indicates that the overall organic substrate diversity may be greater in mesic soils where bacterial diversity is also highest, thus a potentially unforeseen driver of community dynamics. I also quantified annual rates of soil production which range between 0.7 - 18.1g C/m2/yr from the more arid to productive soils, respectively. In conclusion, the extension of biogeographical theory for macroorganisms has proven successful and both environmental severity and resource availability have obvious (although different) effects on the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edward Ayres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Grace</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, Tiehang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James R. Garey</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global-scale patterns of assemblage structure of soil nematodes in relation to climate and ecosystem properties</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Ecology and Biogeography</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Ecology and Biogeography</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/geb.12177</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">968 - 978</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial biomass and respiration responses to nitrogen fertilization in a polar desert</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00300-014-1459-0</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Van Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okie, J.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil microbial responses to increased moisture and organic resources along a salinity gradient in a polar desert.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied and Environmental Microbiology.</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3034-3043</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial communities in extreme environments often have low diversity and specialized physiologies suggesting a limited resistance to change. The McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) are a microbially dominated, extreme ecosystem currently undergoing climate change-induced disturbances, including the melting of massive buried ice, cutting through of permafrost by streams, and warming events. These processes are increasing moisture across the landscape, altering conditions for soil communities by mobilizing nutrients and salts and stimulating autotrophic carbon inputs to soils. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of resource addition (water/organic matter) on the composition and function of microbial communities in the MDV along a natural salinity gradient representing an additional gradient of stress in an already extreme environment. Soil respiration and the activity of carbon-acquiring extracellular enzymes increased significantly (P &lt; 0.05) with the addition of resources at the low- and moderate-salinity sites but not the high-salinity site. The bacterial community composition was altered, with an increase in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes with water and organic matter additions at the low- and moderate-salinity sites and a near dominance of Firmicutes at the high-salinity site. Principal coordinate analyses of all samples using a phylogenetically informed distance matrix (UniFrac) demonstrated discrete clustering among sites (analysis of similarity [ANOSIM], P &lt; 0.05 and R &gt; 0.40) and among most treatments within sites. The results from this experimental work suggest that microbial communities in this environment will undergo rapid change in response to the altered resources resulting from climate change impacts occurring in this region.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3034</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Convey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steven L. Chown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarke, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barnes, David K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokhorst, Stef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vonda Cummings</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hugh W. Ducklow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francesco Frati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green, T. G. Allan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shulamit Gordon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Griffiths, Huw J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clive Howard-Williams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huiskes, Ad H. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johanna Laybourn-Parry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMinn, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morley, Simon A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lloyd S. Peck</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quesada, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, Sharon A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schiaparelli, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The spatial structure of Antarctic biodiversity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Monographs</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Monographs</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/12-2216.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">84</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">203 - 244</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(199, 198, 204);&quot;&gt;Patterns of environmental spatial structure lie at the heart of the most fundamental and familiar patterns of diversity on Earth. Antarctica contains some of the strongest environmental gradients on the planet and therefore provides an ideal study ground to test hypotheses on the relevance of environmental variability for biodiversity. To answer the pivotal question, &amp;ldquo;How does spatial variation in physical and biological environmental properties across the Antarctic drive biodiversity?&amp;rdquo; we have synthesized current knowledge on environmental variability across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine Antarctic biomes and related this to the observed biotic patterns. The most important physical driver of Antarctic terrestrial communities is the availability of liquid water, itself driven by solar irradiance intensity. Patterns of biota distribution are further strongly influenced by the historical development of any given location or region, and by geographical barriers. In freshwater ecosystems, free water is also crucial, with further important influences from salinity, nutrient availability, oxygenation, and characteristics of ice cover and extent. In the marine biome there does not appear to be one major driving force, with the exception of the oceanographic boundary of the Polar Front. At smaller spatial scales, ice cover, ice scour, and salinity gradients are clearly important determinants of diversity at habitat and community level. Stochastic and extreme events remain an important driving force in all environments, particularly in the context of local extinction and colonization or recolonization, as well as that of temporal environmental variability. Our synthesis demonstrates that the Antarctic continent and surrounding oceans provide an ideal study ground to develop new biogeographical models, including life history and physiological traits, and to address questions regarding biological responses to environmental variability and change.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(199, 198, 204);&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutt, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T Bracegirdle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vonda Cummings</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">di Prisco, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gradinger, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isla, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McIntyre, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murphy, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lloyd S. Peck</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I.R. Schloss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suckling, C. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Takahashi, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.C. Xavier</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Thresholds - Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptation (AnT-ERA), a new SCAR-biology programme</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polarforschung</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://epic.awi.de/34238/1/Polarforschung_82-2_147-150.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">147-150.</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Stresses on Antarctic ecosystems result from environmental change, including extreme events, and from (other) human impacts. Consequently, Antarctic habitats are changing, some at a rapid pace while others are relatively stable. A cascade of responses from molecular through organismic to the community level are expected. The differences in biological complexity and evolutionary histories between both polar regions and the rest of the planet suggest that stresses on polar ecosystem function may have fundamentally different outcomes from those at lower latitudes. Polar ecosystem processes are therefore key to informing wider ecological debate about the nature of stability and potential changes across the biosphere. The main goal of AnT-ERA is to facilitate the science required to examine changes in biological processes in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic marine-, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. Tolerance limits, as well as thresholds, resistance and resilience to environmental change will be determined. AnT-ERA is classified into three overlapping themes, which represent three levels of biological organisation: (1) molecular and physiological performance, (2) population processes and species traits, (3) ecosystem function and services.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">147</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leslie, D.L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harmon, R.S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klaus Neumann</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisson, K. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The carbon stable isotope biogeochemistry of streams, Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Geochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26 - 36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagshaw, Elizabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martyn Tranter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassan J. Basagic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Do Cryoconite Holes have the Potential to be Significant Sources of C, N, and P to Downstream Depauperate Ecosystems of Taylor Valley, Antarctica?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">440 - 454</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kevin M. Geyer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam E. Altrichter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Van Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental controls over bacterial communities in polar desert soils</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">art127</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. 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Bencala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The influence of stream thermal regimes and preferential flow paths on hyporheic exchange in a glacial meltwater stream</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Resources Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wrcr.20410/pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5552 - 5569</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbold, Craig W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charles K. Lee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Local and regional influences over soil microbial metacommunities in the Transantarctic Mountains</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">art136</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. W. Berger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomsen, K.J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Micro-hole and multigrain quartz luminescence dating of Paleodeltas at Lake Fryxell, McMurdo Dry Valleys (Antarctica), and relevance for lake history</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quaternary Geochronology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871101413000423</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">119 - 134</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eveland, Jeffery</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lampkin, Derrick J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal controls on snow distribution and aerial ablation at the snow-patch and landscape scales, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Cryosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/917/2013/tc-7-917-2013.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">917 - 931</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph S. Levy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shallow groundwater systems in a polar desert, McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrogeology Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10040-012-0926-3</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171 - 183</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eveland, Jeffery</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lampkin, Derrick J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial and temporal patterns of snow accumulation and aerial ablation across the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrological Processes</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.9407/pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2864 - 2875</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph S. Levy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert Vantreese</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water track modification of soil ecosystems in the Lake Hoare basin, Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 - 10</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marie Šabacká</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassan J. Basagic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark C. Greenwood</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aeolian flux of biotic and abiotic material in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geomorphology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X11006222</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155-156</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102 - 111</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magalhaes, Catarina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stevens, Mark I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storey, Bryan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Türk, Roman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruprecht, Ulrike</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Bello, Francesco</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">At Limits of Life: Multidisciplinary Insights Reveal Environmental Constraints on Biotic Diversity in Continental Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS ONE</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS ONE</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jul-09-2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0044578</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e44578</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div class=&quot;abstract toc-section&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial; font-size: 16px; line-height: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.8125rem; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.8125rem; line-height: 1.125rem; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;&quot;&gt;Multitrophic communities that maintain the functionality of the extreme Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems, while the simplest of any natural community, are still challenging our knowledge about the limits to life on earth. In this study, we describe and interpret the linkage between the diversity of different trophic level communities to the geological morphology and soil geochemistry in the remote Transantarctic Mountains (Darwin Mountains, 80&amp;deg;S). We examined the distribution and diversity of biota (bacteria, cyanobacteria, lichens, algae, invertebrates) with respect to elevation, age of glacial drift sheets, and soil physicochemistry. Results showed an abiotic spatial gradient with respect to the diversity of the organisms across different trophic levels. More complex communities, in terms of trophic level diversity, were related to the weakly developed younger drifts (Hatherton and Britannia) with higher soil C/N ratio and lower total soluble salts content (thus lower conductivity). Our results indicate that an increase of ion concentration from younger to older drift regions drives a succession of complex to more simple communities, in terms of number of trophic levels and diversity within each group of organisms analysed. This study revealed that integrating diversity across multi-trophic levels of biotic communities with abiotic spatial heterogeneity and geological history is fundamental to understand environmental constraints influencing biological distribution in Antarctic soil ecosystems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;figure-carousel-section&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial; font-size: 16px; line-height: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steven L. Chown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hughes, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barnes, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, P.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D.M. Bergstrom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Convey, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crosbie, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyer, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frenot, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grant, S. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herr, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kennicutt, M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamers, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murray, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Possingham, H. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reid, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riddle, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryan, P. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanson, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaw, J. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sparrow, M.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summerhayes, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terauds, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Challenges to the Future Conservation of the Antarctic</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-07-2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1222821</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">337</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">158 - 159</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;The Antarctic Treaty System, acknowledged as a successful model of cooperative regulation of one of the globe&amp;#39;s largest commons (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;), is under substantial pressure. Concerns have been raised about increased stress on Antarctic systems from global environmental change and growing interest in the region&amp;#39;s resources (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). Although policy-makers may recognize these challenges, failure to respond in a timely way can have substantial negative consequences. We provide a horizon scan, a systematic means for identifying emerging trends and assisting decision-makers in identifying policies that address future challenges (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). Previous analyses of conservation threats in the Antarctic have been restricted to matters for which available evidence is compelling (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;4&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). We reconsider these concerns because they might escalate quickly, judging from recent rapid environmental change in parts of Antarctica and increasing human interest in the region (see the map). We then focus on a more distant time horizon.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6091</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barletta, Robert E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mader, Heidy M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Warren L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roe, Christopher H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical analysis of ice vein microenvironments: II. Analysis of glacial samples from Greenland and Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Glaciology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.montana.edu/priscu/DOCS/Publications/BarlettaEtAl2012IceVein.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1109 - 1118</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">212</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noah Fierer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonathan W. Leff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott T. Bates</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christian L. Lauber</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Owens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jack A. Gilbert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Gregory Caporaso</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-biome metagenomic analyses of soil microbial communities and their functional attributes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings Bational Academy of Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1215210110</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The ecology of pulse events: insights from an extreme climatic event in a polar desert ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/ES11-00325.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">art17</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meltwater seep patches increase heterogeneity of soil geochemistry and therefore habitat suitability</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geoderma</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">189-190</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">652 - 660</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bernzott, Emily D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modeling nitrate concentrations in an Antarctic glacial meltwater stream under fluctuating hydrologic conditions and nitrate inputs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Civil &amp; Environmental Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydrology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic zone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">primary productivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stream</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/15316</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennsylvania State University</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys comprise a unique polar desert ecosystem in Victoria Land, Antarctica. The hydrologic system in the Dry Valleys is often characterized as being simplified compared to temperate watersheds, due to the ability to identify physical boundaries and nutrient sources and sinks. We seek to characterize the evolution of streamflow, solutes, and nutrients along a glacial meltwater stream in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, and to understand the role of different sources and sinks under varying hydrologic conditions. The study presented here includes streamflow routing, solute modeling, and nitrate concentration modeling in Von Guerard stream, a stream with abundant algal coverage in the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. The streamflow model is a solution to the kinematic wave routing problem. Solute modeling addresses advection, dispersion, as well as hyporheic zone inputs, which are controlled by weathering and hyporheic exchange. Lastly, the nitrate model builds on the solute model with the addition of a gross primary production (GPP) component. Results indicate that the hyporheic source of nitrate is controlling due to rapid exchange with the main channel. GPP impacts are small due to light-saturated conditions for a majority of the season, but provide a consistent sink for nitrate. The role of advective and dispersive transport is highly dependent on flow conditions, with advective transport controlling at high flows and dispersive controlling at low flows.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alessandro Febretti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristof Richmond</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gulati, Shilpa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flesher, Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogan, Bartholomew P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew Johnson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stone, William C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bebis, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyle, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parvin, Bahram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koracin, Darko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fowlkes, Charless</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Sen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Choi, Min-Hyung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mantler, Stephan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schulze, Jürgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acevedo, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mueller, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papka, Michael</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poisson Reconstruction of Extreme Submersed Environments: The ENDURANCE Exploration of an Under-Ice Antarctic Lake</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Advances in Visual Computing. ISVC 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science.</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/content/hg97w43588229087/</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer Berlin Heidelberg</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berlin, Heidelberg</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7431</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">394 - 403</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-3-642-33179-4</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We evaluate the use of Poisson reconstruction to generate a 3D bathymetric model of West Lake Bonney, Antarctica. The source sonar dataset has been collected by the ENDURANCE autonomous ve- hicle in the course of two Antarctic summer missions. The reconstruction workflow involved processing 200 million datapoints to generate a high resolution model of the lake bottom, Narrows region and underwater glacier face. A novel and flexible toolset has been developed to automate the processing of the Bonney data.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lydia H. Zeglin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clifford N. Dahm</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shannon K. Fitpatrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial Community Structure Along Moisture Gradients in the Parafluvial Sediments of Two Ephemeral Desert Streams</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/content/r83j53334v5n505w/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">543 - 556</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagshaw, Elizabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wadham, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mowlem, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martyn Tranter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eveness, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Telling, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in the Cryosphere: A Comprehensive Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Fiber Optic Sensors</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Science &amp; Technology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">700 - 705</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagshaw, Elizabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martyn Tranter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wadham, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mowlem, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High-resolution monitoring reveals dissolved oxygen dynamics in an Antarctic cryoconite hole</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrological Processes</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2868 - 2877</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wagner, Bernd</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ortlepp, Sabrina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenig, Fabien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melles, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andy Burkemper</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Holocene environmental history of Lake Hoare, Taylor Valley, Antarctica, reconstructed from sediment cores</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&amp;aid=8275374</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">307 - 319</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implications of meltwater pulse events for soil biology and biogeochemical cycling in a polar desert</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Research</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Research</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/14555</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3081281030352511340</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokhorst, Stef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huiskes, Ad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Convey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinclair, Brent J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lebouvier, Marc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bart Van de Vijver</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. 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Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James R. Garey</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular study of worldwide distribution and diversity of soil animals</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17720 - 17725</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott Bielewicz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elanor R. Bell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weidong Kong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iddo Friedberg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protist diversity in a permanently ice-covered Antarctic Lake during the polar night transition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The ISME Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nature.com/ismej/journal/v5/n9/abs/ismej201123a.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1559 - 1564</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose M. Cory</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elizabeth W. Boyer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levia, Delphis F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlyle-Moses, Darryl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Tadashi</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spectral Methods to Advance Understanding of Dissolved Organic Carbon Dynamics in Forested Catchments</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological StudiesForest Hydrology and Biogeochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/content/lv9365ml54192m29/</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer Netherlands</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dordrecht</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">216</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117 - 135</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-94-007-1363-5</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samarkin, Vladimir A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madigan, Michael T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowles, Marshall W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karen L. Casciotti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christopher P. McKay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joye, Samantha B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abiotic nitrous oxide emission from the hypersaline Don Juan Pond in Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature Geoscience</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v3/n5/full/ngeo847.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">341 - 344</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carr, M. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baeseman, J.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valley stream ecosystems as analog to fluvial systems on Mars</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life in Antarctic Deserts and other Cold Dry Environments</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge University Press</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139 - 159</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9780521889193</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martyn Tranter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagshaw, Elizabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forman, C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The biogeochemistry and hydrology of Dry Valley glaciers: is there life on Martian ice now?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life in Antarctic Deserts and other Cold Dry Environments</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge University Press</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">195-220</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagshaw, Elizabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martyn Tranter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wadham, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassan J. Basagic</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dynamic behaviour of supraglacial lakes on cold polar glaciers: Canada Glacier, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Glaciology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">366 - 368</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">196</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H. W. Hunt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassan J. Basagic</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A dynamic physical model for soil temperature and water in Taylor  Valley, Antarctica.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/13/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">419-434</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koch, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baeseman, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of unsteady flow on nitrate loss in an oligotrophic, glacial meltwater stream</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Geophys. Res.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hot spots/hot moments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">unsteady flow</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2009JG001030</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">115</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G01001</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are among the coldest, driest ecosystems on Earth. During the austral summer, glacial meltwater supports cyanobacterial mat communities in some streams, but they are not ubiquitous. We conducted a nitrate (NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;) enrichment tracer injection in Huey Creek to quantify NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; loss in a Dry Valley stream where algal mats would not obscure hyporheic microbial processes. Unsteady streamflow led to diel variability in the tracer concentration and in surface/subsurface water and solute exchange. Subsequently, concentrations of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, nitrite (NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;), ammonium (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) varied significantly during the injection, with a net loss of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, and DOC, and production of nitrous oxide. These mass changes within a reach were often coincident with high streamflows. Reactivity also coincided with the highest DOC concentrations, suggesting that DOC is the primary limitation to heterotrophic microbial activity in the stream. Together, streamflow and DOC availability create the hot spots and hot moments that dominate NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; reactivity and removal in this polar desert ecosystem. The combination of spatially and temporally variable hyporheic dynamics and solute availability underscore the limitations of common nutrient uptake metrics and transient storage models when unsteady flow conditions exist.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edward Ayres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson N. Nkem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breana L. Simmons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experimentally increased snow accumulation alters soil moisture and animal community structure in a polar desert</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">897 - 907</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lydia H. Zeglin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors promoting microbial diversity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life in Antarctic Deserts and other Cold Dry Environments: Astrobiological Analogues</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge Astrobiology</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://ebooks.cambridge.org/chapter.jsf?bid=CBO9780511712258&amp;cid=CBO9780511712258A015</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge University Press</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">221-257</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9780521889193</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam E. Altrichter</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape history and contemporary environmental drivers of microbial community structure and function</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">community similarity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extracellular enzyme activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial biogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil geochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T-RFLP</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31883</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virginia Tech</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blacksburg, VA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MS</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Recent work in microbial ecology has focused on elucidating controls over biogeographic patterns and connecting microbial community composition to ecosystem function. My objective was to investigate the relative influences of landscape legacies and contemporary environmental factors on the distribution of soil microbial communities and their contribution to ecosystem processes across a glacial till sequence in Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Within each till unit, I sampled from dry areas and areas with visible evidence of recent surface water movement generated by seasonal melting of ephemeral snow packs and hillslope ground ice. Using T-RFLP 16S rRNA gene profiles of microbial communities, I analyzed the contribution of till and environmental factors to community similarity, and assessed the functional potential of the microbial community using extracellular enzyme activity assays. Microbial communities were influenced by geochemical differences among both tills and local environments, but especially organized by variables associated with water availability as the first axis of an NMDS ordination was strongly related to shifts in soil moisture content. CCA revealed that tills explained only 3.4% of the variability in community similarity among sites, while geochemical variables explained 18.5%. Extracellular enzyme activity was correlated with relevant geochemical variables reflecting the influence of nutrient limitation on microbial activity. In addition, enzyme activity was related to changes in community similarity, particularly in wet environments with a partial Mantel correlation of 0.32. These results demonstrate how landscape history and environmental conditions can shape the functional potential of a microbial community mediated through shifts in microbial community composition.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demetras, Nicholas J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Banks, Jonathan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latitudinal distribution and mitochondrial DNA (COI) variability of Stereotydeus spp. (Acari: Prostigmata) in Victoria Land and the central Transantarctic Mountains</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">749 - 756</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poage, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The legacy of aqueous environments on soils of the McMurdo Dry Valleys: contexts for future exploration of martian soils</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life in Antarctic Deserts and other Cold Dry Environments</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://ebooks.cambridge.org/chapter.jsf?bid=CBO9780511712258&amp;cid=CBO9780511712258A010</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge University Press</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">78 - 109</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9780521889193</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaraula, Caroline M.B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brassell, Simon C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenig, Fabien</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Origin and tentative identification of tri to pentaunsaturated ketones in sediments from Lake Fryxell, East Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic Geochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">41</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">386 - 397</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. W. Berger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomsen, K.J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single-grain and multigrain luminescence dating of on-ice and lake-bottom deposits at Lake Hoare, Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quaternary Geochronology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">679 - 690</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas H. Nylen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew Monaghan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassan J. Basagic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Bromwich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snow in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Climatology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biggie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">633-642</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;Snowfall was measured at 11 sites in the McMurdo Dry Valleys to determine its magnitude, its temporal changes, and spatial patterns. Annual values ranged from 3 to 50 mm water equivalent with the highest values nearest the coast and decreasing inland. A particularly strong spatial gradient exists in Taylor Valley, probably resulting from local uplift conditions at the coastal margin and valley topography that limits migration inland. More snow occurs in winter near the coast, whereas inland no seasonal pattern is discernable. This may be due, again, to local uplift conditions, which are common in winter. We find no influence of the distance to the sea ice edge. Katabatic winds play an important role in transporting snow to the valley bottoms and essentially double the precipitation. That much of the snow accumulation sublimates prior to making a hydrologic contribution underscores the notion that the McMurdo Dry Valleys are indeed an extreme polar desert. Copyright &amp;copy; 2009 Royal Meteorological Society&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Northcott, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lydia H. Zeglin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humphrey, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrologic characteristics of lake- and stream-side riparian wetted margins in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrological Processes</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1255-1267</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew N. Parsons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interactions between physical and biotic factors influence CO_2 flux in Antarctic dry valley soils</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">41</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1510-1517</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lars J. 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Kortelainen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiit Kutser</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soren Larsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isabelle Laurion</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dina M. Leech</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Leigh McCallister</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John M. Melack</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erin Overholt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jason A. Porter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yves Prairie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">William H. 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Weyhenmeyer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lakes and reservoirs as regulators of carbon cycling and climate</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnology and Oceanography</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_54/issue_6_part_2/2298.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54 part 2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2298–2314</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lydia H. 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Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrestrial mesofauna in above- and below-ground habitats: Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1549-1558</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ikard, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. 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Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thermal Characterisation of Active Layer Across a Soil Moisture Gradient in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Permafrost and Periglacial Processes</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27-39</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagshaw, Elizabeth</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martyn Tranter</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Biogeochemistry of Cryoconite Holes on Glaciers in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Bristol, UK</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decline in a dominant invertebrate species contributes to altered carbon cycling in a low-diversity soil ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Change Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1734-1744</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edward Ayres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson N. Nkem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broos, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew N. Parsons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powers, Laura E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breana L. Simmons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Human Trampling on Populations of Soil Fauna in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservation Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1544-1551</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic ecosystems are often considered nearly pristine because levels of anthropogenic disturbance are extremely low there. Nevertheless, over recent decades there has been a rapid increase in the number of people, researchers and tourists, visiting Antarctica. We evaluated, over 10 years, the direct impact of foot traffic on the abundance of soil animals and soil properties in Taylor Valley within the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. We compared soils from minimally disturbed areas with soils from nearby paths that received intermediate and high levels of human foot traffic (i.e., up to approximately 80 passes per year). The nematodes Scottnema lindsayae and Eudorylaimus sp. were the most commonly found animal species, whereas rotifers and tardigrades were found only occasionally. On the highly trampled footpaths, abundance of S. lindsayae and Eudorylaimus sp. was up to 52 and 76% lower, respectively, than in untrampled areas. Moreover, reduction in S. lindsayae abundance was more pronounced after 10 years than 2 years and in the surface soil than in the deeper soil, presumably because of the longer period of disturbance and the greater level of physical disturbance experienced by the surface soil. The ratio of living to dead Eudorylaimus sp. also declined with increased trampling intensity, which is indicative of increased mortality or reduced fecundity. At one site there was evidence that high levels of trampling reduced soil CO2 fluxes, which is related to total biological activity in the soil. Our results show that even low levels of human traffic can significantly affect soil biota in this ecosystem and may alter ecosystem processes, such as carbon cycling. Consequently, management and conservation plans for Antarctic soils should consider the high sensitivity of soil fauna to physical disturbance as human presence in this ecosystem increases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark A. Bradford</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark G. StJohn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John A. Trofymow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valerie Behan-Pelletier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David E. 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Vasconcelos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Don White</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xiaming Zou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global decomposition experiment shows soil animal impacts on decomposition are climate dependent</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Change Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01672.x/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2661-2677</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. 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Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassan J. Basagic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The biogeochemical evolution of cryoconite holes on glaciers in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">113</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G04S35</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daryl L. Moorhead</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogeochemical stoichiometry of Antarctic Dry Valley ecosystems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biggie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2007</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G01010+12</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);&quot;&gt;Among aquatic and terrestrial landscapes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, ecosystem stoichiometry ranges from values near the Redfield ratios for C:N:P to nutrient concentrations in proportions far above or below ratios necessary to support balanced microbial growth. This polar desert provides an opportunity to evaluate stoichiometric approaches to understand nutrient cycling in an ecosystem where biological diversity and activity are low, and controls over the movement and mass balances of nutrients operate over 10&amp;ndash;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 0; top: -0.5em; padding-right: 1px; padding-left: 1px; outline: 0px; font-size: 0.688em; position: relative; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; background: 0px 0px rgb(249, 249, 249);&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;years. The simple organisms (microbial and metazoan) comprising dry valley foodwebs adhere to strict biochemical requirements in the composition of their biomass, and when activated by availability of liquid water, they influence the chemical composition of their environment according to these ratios. Nitrogen and phosphorus varied significantly in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems occurring on landscape surfaces across a wide range of exposure ages, indicating strong influences of landscape development and geochemistry on nutrient availability. Biota control the elemental ratio of stream waters, while geochemical stoichiometry (e.g., weathering, atmospheric deposition) evidently limits the distribution of soil invertebrates. We present a conceptual model describing transformations across dry valley landscapes facilitated by exchanges of liquid water and biotic processing of dissolved nutrients. We conclude that contemporary ecosystem stoichiometry of Antarctic Dry Valley soils, glaciers, streams, and lakes results from a combination of extant biological processes superimposed on a legacy of landscape processes and previous climates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melissa L. Northcott</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. Brad Bate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenneth R. Hill</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lydia H. 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Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valerie Behan-Pelletier</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hidden Assets: Biodiversity Below-Surface.</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.icsu-scope.org/unesco/USPB05_SOIL_En.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNESCO-SCOPE Policy Brief #5</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andy Burkemper</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lacustrine History of Lake Hoare, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Based on Long Sediment Cores</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Illinois, Chicago</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. Brad Bate</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil organic matter sources and quality in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dartmouth College</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edward Ayres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. 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Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unique similarity of faunal communities across aquatic terrestrial interfaces in a polar desert ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Witherow, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertler, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul A. Mayewski</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneed, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas H. Nylen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Handley, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aeolian flux of calcium, chloride and nitrate to the McMurdo Dry Valleys landscape: Evidence from snow pit analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">497-505</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johanna Laybourn-Parry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D.M. Bergstrom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Convey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A.H.L. Huiskes</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic lake systems and climate change</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trends in Antarctic Terrestrial and Limnetic Ecosystems: Antarctica as a Global Indicator</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dordrecht, The Netherlands</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. Riffenburgh</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogeochemistry, terrestrial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Encyclopedia of the Antarctic  Vol 1</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Routledge Press</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">154-155</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hacker, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aislabie, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Co-variation in soil biodiversity and biogeochemistry in Northern and Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antarctic-science/article/covariation-in-soil-biodiversity-and-biogeochemistry-in-northern-and-southern-victoria-land-antarctica/C3514C28DB75F3A19DB5F266D4B1B56E</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">535-548</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Connell, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Convey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fell, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francesco Frati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newsham, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Donnell, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russell, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seppelt, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stevens, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edward Ayres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aislabie, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamforth, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bargagli, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cavacini, P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diversity and distribution of Victoria Land biota</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0038071706002215</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3003-3018</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burnett, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daryl L. Moorhead</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Hawes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clive Howard-Williams</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental factors associated with deep chlorophyll maxima in dry valley lakes, South Victoria Land, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179-189</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foley, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedogenic carbonate distribution within glacial till in Taylor Valley, Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paleoenvironmental Record and Applications of Calcretes and Palustrine Carbonates</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geological Society of America</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89-103</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blecker, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ippolito, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norvell, K</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phosphorus fractions in soils of Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Science Society of America Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">70</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">806-815</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson N. Nkem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salt tolerance and survival thresholds for two species of Antarctic soil nematodes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">643-651</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew N. Parsons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil carbon turnover model for the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3065-3082</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bobb, M</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial Patterns of Bacterial Diversity in   Cold Desert Riparian Zones.</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of New Mexico</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bachelors</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. W. Hopkins</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A synthesis of soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in Victoria Land, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3001-3002</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson N. Nkem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sletten, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steltzer, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wallenstein, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. W. Hopkins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aislabie, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bargagli, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bockheim, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daryl L. Moorhead</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terrestrial ecosystem processes of Victoria Land, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3019-3034</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson N. Nkem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broos, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porazinska, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wind dispersal of soil invertebrates in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biggie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00300-005-0061-x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">346-352</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.8px;&quot;&gt;Dispersal of soil organisms is crucial for their spatial distribution and adaptation to the prevailing conditions of the Antarctic Dry Valleys. This study investigated the possibility of wind dispersal of soil invertebrates within the dry valleys. Soil invertebrates were evaluated in (1) pockets of transported sediments to lake ice and glacier surfaces, (2) wind-transported dust particles in collection pans (Bundt pans) 100&amp;nbsp;cm above the soil surface, and (3) sediments transported closer to the surface (&amp;lt;50&amp;nbsp;cm) and collected in open top chambers (OTCs). Invertebrates were extracted and identified. Nematodes were identified to species and classified according to life stage and sex. Three species of nematodes were recovered and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em class=&quot;EmphasisTypeItalic &quot; style=&quot;outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.8px;&quot;&gt;Scottnema lindsayae&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.8px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;was the most dominant. There were more juveniles (&amp;sim;71%) in the transported sediments than adults (29%). Tardigrades and rotifers were more abundant in sediments on lake and glacier surfaces while nematodes were more abundant in the dry sediment collections of Bundt pans and OTCs. The abundance of immobile (dead) nematodes in the Bundt pans and OTCs was three times greater than active (live) nematodes. Anhydrobiosis constitutes a survival mechanism that allows wind dispersal of nematodes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Our results show that soil invertebrates are dispersed by wind in the Dry Valleys and are viable in ice communities on lake surfaces and glaciers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moody, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villar, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwards, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hodgson, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.L. Bishop</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogeological Raman spectroscopic studies of Antarctic lacustrine sediments</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spectrochimica Acta Part a-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2413-2417</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63394</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fritter, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. A. Paul</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. B. Usher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. W. Hopkins</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Developing new perspectives from advances in soil biodiversity research</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Diversity and Function in Soils</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cambridge University Press</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-30</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63400</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamforth, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Distribution and diversity of soil protozoa in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">756-762</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63388</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marinko Karnovic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anne E. Carey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott E. Bair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Veen, Cornelis</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mathematical Modeling of a Hydrocarbon Spill on the Ice Cover of Lake Fryxell, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geological Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2005</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Ohio State University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Columbus</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">114</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Numerous perennially ice-covered lakes exist in the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. Ice cover melting on these lakes and meltwater infiltration are important processes affecting the ecology of these lakes. The three lakes in Taylor Valley, Lakes Bonney, Fryxell and Hoare, have been investigated since 1993 as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (MCM LTER) site. A Bell 212 helicopter flying in support of the National Science Foundation&amp;#39;s Antarctic Research Program crashed on the frozen surface of Lake Fryxell on January 17, 2003. This resulted in the release of approximately 731 Liters (193 gallons) of diesel fuel and amounts of engine oil and hydraulic fluid. Two physically based models are developed that simulate heat, meltwater flow and solute transport. The first is a transient, one-dimensional, thermodynamic model, which can predict the temperature distribution in the ice cover, melting rate at the surface and at the bottom of ice cover, and ice thickness. The second model simulates unsaturated flow and solute transport and is used to estimate water content distribution and solute transport through the ice cover. The validation of heat transport model was accomplished by comparing model results with the original measurements of ice temperature at various depth in Lake Fryxell. Because of lack of the field data, validation of the unsaturated flow and solute transport model couldn&amp;#39;t been accomplished, instead of model validation, programming code has been verified by comparing results with results generated by the HYDRUS 1D software, developed by U.S. Salinity Laboratory, USDA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F. S. Chapin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGuire, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuttall, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young, O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zimov, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christensen, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Godduhn, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murphy, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zockler, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berman, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callaghan, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Convey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. S. Crepin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Danell, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hugh W. Ducklow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forbes, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kofinas, G</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Scholes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N. Ash</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Current State and Trends: Findings of the Condition and Trends Working Group</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Island Press</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">717-743</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew N. Parsons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential soil organic matter turnover in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biggie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2005</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://instaar.metapress.com/content/e653225425230175/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108-117</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Helvetica Neu', Helvetica, 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;&quot;&gt;Antarctic Dry Valley ecosystems are among the most inhospitable soil ecosystems on earth with simple food webs and nearly undetectable fluxes of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Due to the lack of vascular plants, soil organic matter concentrations are extremely low, and it is unclear how much of the contemporary soil C budget is actively cycling or a legacy of paleolake production and sedimentation. While recent work indicates multiple sources of organic matter for dry valley soils, the composition and kinetics of organic pools remain poorly characterized. We examined soil organic matter pools and potential C and N turnover in soils from within six sites located across three hydrological basins of Taylor Valley, Antarctica that differed in surface age, microclimate and proximity to legacy (paleolake) sources of organic matter. We estimated potential C and N mineralization, and rate kinetics using gas exchange and repeated leaching techniques during 90-d incubations of surface soils collected from valley basin and valley slope positions in three basins of Taylor Valley. Soil organic C content was negatively correlated with the ages of underlying tills, supporting previous descriptions of legacy organic matter. Carbon and N mineralization generally followed 1st order kinetics and were well described by exponential models. Labile pools of C (90 d) were 10% of the total organic C in the upper 5 cm of the soil profile. Labile N was 50% of the total N in surface soils of Taylor Valley. These results show that a large proportion of soil C and particularly N are mineralizable under suitable conditions and suggest that a kinetically defined labile pool of organic matter is potentially active in the field during brief intervals of favorable microclimate. Climate variation changing the duration of these conditions may have potentially large effects on the small pools of C and N in these soils.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63389</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenneth E. Bencala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Durelle T. Scott</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert L. Runkel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sensitivity analysis of conservative and reactive stream transient storage models applied to field data from multiple-reach experiments</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Advances in Water Resources</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2005</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">479-492</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edward Ayres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valerie Behan-Pelletier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Covich, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P.V.R. Snelgrove</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H. Browman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K. I. Stergiou</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soils, freshwater and marine sediments: the need for integrative landscape science</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marine Ecology Progress Series</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theme Section: Bridging the Gap between Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecology.</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">304</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-307</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fulton, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christine M. Foreman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose M. Cory</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stedmon, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blunt, E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changes in fulvic acid redox state through the oxycline of a permanently ice-covered Antarctic lake</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquatic Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-20</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63367</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martyn Tranter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas H. Nylen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Booth, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karen J. Lewis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cryoconite holes on polar glaciers and their importance for meltwater runoff</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Glaciology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25-45</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">168</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63366</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moore, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morin, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadelhoffer, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosemound, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post , D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabo, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scow, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael J. Vanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berlow, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David C.  Coleman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter C.  De Ruiter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dong, Q</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasting, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCann, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melville, K</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Detritus, trophic dynamics and biodiversity.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">584-600</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brent C. Christner</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bull, Alan T.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Earth's Icy Biosphere</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Diversity and Bioprospecting</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://mcm.lternet.edu/reports/lakes/PriscuChristner2004IcyBiosphere.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American Society for Microbiology</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wardle, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klironomos, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Setala, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Putten, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological linkages between aboveground and belowground biota.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">304</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1629-1633</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Covich, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P.V.R. Snelgrove</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The need for understanding how biodiversity and ecosystem functioning affect ecosystem services in soil and sediments</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Soils Sediments</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Island Press</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63384</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew N. Parsons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil carbon dioxide flux from Antarctic Dry Valley soils</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">286-295</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63379</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. Brad Bate</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil phosphorus dynamics in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dartmouth College</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bachelors</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schroter, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brussaard, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Deyn, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proveda, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berg, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wardle, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moore, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trophic interactions in a changing world: modelling aboveground-belowground interactions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basic and Applied Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">515-528</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Covich, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P.V.R. Snelgrove</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Understanding the functions of biodiversity in soils and sediments will enhance global ecosystem sustainability and societal well-being</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Soils Sediments</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Island Press</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">249-254</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63385</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew N. Parsons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powers, Laura E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melody B. Burkins</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Variation in biogeochemistry and soil biodiversity across spatial scales in a polar desert</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3105-3118</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div&gt;Desert ecosystems are characterized by distinct spatial patterning in soil&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;biogeochemistry and biodiversity. In the Antarctic Dry Valleys, soil polygons are prominent&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;features of the landscape and may be key units for scaling local ecological information to&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;the greater region. We examined polygon soils in each of the three basins of Taylor Valley,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Antarctica. Our objectives were to characterize variability in soil biogeochemistry and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;biodiversity at local to regional scales, and to test the influence of soil properties upon&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;invertebrate communities. We found that soil biogeochemical properties and biodiversity&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;vary over multiple spatial scales from fine (,10 m) to broad (.10 km) scales. Differences&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;in biogeochemistry were most pronounced at broad scales among the major lake basins of&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Taylor Valley corresponding to differences in geology and microclimate, while variation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;in invertebrate biodiversity and abundance occurred at landscape scales of 10&amp;ndash;500 m, and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;within individual soil polygons. Variation in biogeochemistry and invertebrate communities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;across these scales reflects the influence of physical processes and landscape development&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;over ecosystem structure in the dry valleys. The development of soil polygons influences&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;the spatial patterning of soil properties such as soil organic matter, salinity, moisture, and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;invertebrate habitat suitability. Nematode abundance and life history data indicate that&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;polygon interiors are more suitable habitats than soils in the troughs at the edges of polygons.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;These data suggest that physical processes (i.e., polygon development) and biogeochemistry&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;are important influences on the spatial variability of biotic communities in dry valley soil&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;ecosystems.&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wardle, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">V.K. Brown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valerie Behan-Pelletier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">St. John, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wojtowicz, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, G. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ineson, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lavelle, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Putten, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brussaard, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H.  William Hunt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. A. Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vulnerability to global change of ecosystem goods and services driven by soil biota</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Soil and Sediments</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Island Press</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101-136</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-55963-760-9</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER63362</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klaus Neumann</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clive Howard-Williams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Davidson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. Broady</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemistry and lake dynamics of the Taylor Valley lakes, Antarctica: The importance of long-term monitoring.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Ecosystems: Models for Wider Ecological Understanding</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caxton Press</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49862</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daryl L. Moorhead</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porazinska, D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic matter and soil biota of upland wetlands in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1009-1019</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49867</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. A. Nezat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benson, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bullen, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graham, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidd, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strontium isotopic signatures of the streams and lakes of Taylor Valley, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica: chemical weathering in a polar climate</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquatic Geochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">875-895</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49869</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew N. Parsons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porazinska, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snow patch influence on soil biogeochemical processes and invertebrate distribution in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biggie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2003</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://instaar.metapress.com/content/r086455ju7213711/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91-99</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49857</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bardel, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kwok, R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synthetic aperture radar detection of the snowline on Commonwealth and Howard Glaciers, Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Glaciology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">177-183</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49854</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trends in resin and KCl-extractable soil nitrogen across landscape gradients in Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">289-299</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49853</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blum, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weathering reactions and hyporheic exchange controls on stream water chemistry in a glacial meltwater stream in the McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Resources Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biggie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2002</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2002/2001WR000834.shtml</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1279-1296</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49852</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunt , H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DeCrappeo, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brenner, J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519-529A model for nematode locomotion in soil</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nematology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">705-716</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49838</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, A</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The influence of mixotroph growth on DOM chemistry in Pony Lake, a eutrophic coastal pond in Antarctica</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard D. Bardgett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valerie Behan-Pelletier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brussaard, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David C.  Coleman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ettma, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moldenke, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schimel, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The influence of soil biodiversity on hydrological pathways and the transfer of materials between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">421-429</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER49831</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. W. 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