<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varliero, Gilda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lebre, Pedro H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steven L. Chown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Convey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis, Paul G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fan, Dandan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrari, Belinda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frey, Beat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopkins, David W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kong, Weidong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makhalanyane, Thulani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matcher, Gwynneth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newsham, Kevin K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stevens, Mark I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weigh, Katherine V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogeographic survey of soil bacterial communities across Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbiome</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Conservation Biogeographic Regions (ACBRs)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic soil microbiome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bioclimatic variables</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">regionalization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soils</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-023-01719-3</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctica and its unique biodiversity are increasingly at risk from the effects of global climate change and other human influences. A significant recent element underpinning strategies for Antarctic conservation has been the development of a system of Antarctic Conservation Biogeographic Regions (ACBRs). The datasets supporting this classification are, however, dominated by eukaryotic taxa, with contributions from the bacterial domain restricted to Actinomycetota and Cyanobacteriota. Nevertheless, the ice-free areas of the Antarctic continent and the sub-Antarctic islands are dominated in terms of diversity by bacteria. Our study aims to generate a comprehensive phylogenetic dataset of Antarctic bacteria with wide geographical coverage on the continent and sub-Antarctic islands, to investigate whether bacterial diversity and distribution is reflected in the current ACBRs.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gemma E. Collins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Convey, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sancho, Leopoldo G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allan Green, T. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic diversity of soil invertebrates corroborates timing estimates for past collapses of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microarthropods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular clock</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phylogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">terrestrial biodiversity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/08/19/2007925117</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;During austral summer field seasons between 1999 and 2018, we sampled at 91 locations throughout southern Victoria Land and along the Transantarctic Mountains for six species of endemic microarthropods (Collembola), covering a latitudinal range from 76.0&amp;deg;S to 87.3&amp;deg;S. We assembled individual mitochondrial cyto-chrome &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt; oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 866) and found high levels of sequence divergence at both small (&amp;lt;10 km) and large (&amp;gt;600 km) spatial scales for four of the six Collembola species. We applied molecular clock estimates and assessed genetic divergences relative to the timing of past glacial cycles, including collapses of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). We found that genetically distinct lineages within three species have likely been isolated for at least 5.54 My to 3.52 My, while the other three species diverged more recently (&amp;lt;2 My). We suggest that Collembola had greater dispersal opportunities under past warmer climates, via flotation along coastal margins. Similarly increased opportunities for dispersal may occur under contemporary climate warming scenarios, which could influence the genetic structure of extant populations. As Collembola are a living record of past landscape evolution within Antarctica, these findings provide biological evidence to support geological and glaciological estimates of historical WAIS dynamics over the last ca. 5 My.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charles K. Lee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laughlin, Daniel C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottos, Eric M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caruso, Tancredi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joy, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brabyn, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. W. Hopkins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pointing, Steve B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McDonald, Ian R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Banks, Jonathan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stichbury, Glen A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Irfon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zawar-Reza, Peyman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katurji, Marwan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sparrow, Ashley D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storey, Bryan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allan Green, T. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biotic interactions are an unexpected yet critical control on the complexity of an abiotically driven polar ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communications Biology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Commun Biol</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-018-0274-5</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Abiotic and biotic factors control ecosystem biodiversity, but their relative contributions remain unclear. The ultraoligotrophic ecosystem of the Antarctic Dry Valleys, a simple yet highly heterogeneous ecosystem, is a natural laboratory well-suited for resolving the abiotic and biotic controls of community structure. We undertook a multidisciplinary investigation to capture ecologically relevant biotic and abiotic attributes of more than 500 sites in the Dry Valleys, encompassing observed landscape heterogeneities across more than 200 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Using richness of autotrophic and heterotrophic taxa as a proxy for functional complexity, we linked measured variables in a parsimonious yet comprehensive structural equation model that explained significant variations in biological complexity and identified landscape-scale and fine-scale abiotic factors as the primary drivers of diversity. However, the inclusion of linkages among functional groups was essential for constructing the best-fitting model. Our findings support the notion that biotic interactions make crucial contributions even in an extremely simple ecosystem.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clare R. Beet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gemma E. Collins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John-James Wilson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic diversity among populations of Antarctic springtails (Collembola) within the Mackay Glacier ecotone &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-09-2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/gen-2015-0194</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">762 - 770</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stevens, Mark I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Terrestrial Microbiology : Invertebrates</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-642-45213-0_4</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer Berlin Heidelberg</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berlin, Heidelberg</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55 - 78</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-3-642-45212-3</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;Terrestrial invertebrates are the largest permanent residents for much of the Antarctic continent with body lengths &amp;lt; 2 mm for most. The fauna consists of the arthropod taxa Collembola (springtails) and Acari (mites) as well as the microinvertebrates Nematoda, Tardigrada and Rotifera. Diversity in continental Antarctica is lower compared with warmer regions such as the Antarctic Peninsula and the subantarctic islands and several taxa such as the arthropods have considerably restricted distributions. The highest diversity of invertebrates is found along the Transantarctic Mountains of the Ross Sea Region and taxa are likely to be relicts from a warmer past that have survived in glacial refugia. Dispersal among the extremely fragmented Antarctic landscape is likely to be limited to transport via fresh- or salt-waters, particularly for the arthropod taxa, although long-distance wind dispersal is also possible for the microinvertebrates. Invertebrates possess several adaptations to low moisture levels and extreme cold temperatures in Antarctica. For example, nematodes and tardigrades avoid extreme dry and cold temperatures by entering a desiccation-resistant anhydrobiotic state. In contrast, arthropods do not have such a resistant state and freezing is lethal. Adaptations for the arthropod taxa include freeze avoidance and the production of intracellular, antifreeze proteins. Climate changes in Antarctica are likely to pose significant challenges for the invertebrate fauna. Changes in temperature, soil moisture and associated shifts in taxon distributions as well as the potential for non-indigenous species introductions are all likely to have considerable impacts on the Antarctic fauna. From a conservation perspective, there is a pressing need for terrestrial observation networks to record the present state of Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems as well as to monitor impending changes. Biosecurity measures which minimize species introductions or transfers of organisms within Antarctica will be essential.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steven L. Chown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hughes, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barnes, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, P.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D.M. Bergstrom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Convey, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crosbie, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyer, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frenot, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grant, S. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herr, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kennicutt, M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamers, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murray, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Possingham, H. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reid, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riddle, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryan, P. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanson, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaw, J. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sparrow, M.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summerhayes, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terauds, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Challenges to the Future Conservation of the Antarctic</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-07-2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1222821</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">337</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">158 - 159</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;The Antarctic Treaty System, acknowledged as a successful model of cooperative regulation of one of the globe&amp;#39;s largest commons (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;), is under substantial pressure. Concerns have been raised about increased stress on Antarctic systems from global environmental change and growing interest in the region&amp;#39;s resources (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). Although policy-makers may recognize these challenges, failure to respond in a timely way can have substantial negative consequences. We provide a horizon scan, a systematic means for identifying emerging trends and assisting decision-makers in identifying policies that address future challenges (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). Previous analyses of conservation threats in the Antarctic have been restricted to matters for which available evidence is compelling (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;4&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). We reconsider these concerns because they might escalate quickly, judging from recent rapid environmental change in parts of Antarctica and increasing human interest in the region (see the map). We then focus on a more distant time horizon.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6091</style></issue></record></records></xml>