<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heindel, Ruth C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darling, Joshua P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singley, Joel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lukkari, Braeden M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diatoms in hyporheic sediments trace organic matter retention and processing in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">benthic processes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogenic silica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogeochemical cycles processes and modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diatoms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">groundwater/surface water interactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic zone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">particulate organic matter</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020JG006097</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">126</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e2020JG006097</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In low‐nutrient streams in cold and arid ecosystems, the spiraling of autochthonous particulate organic matter (POM) may provide important nutrient subsidies downstream. Because of its lability and the spatial heterogeneity of processing in hyporheic sediments, the downstream transport and fate of autochthonous POM can be difficult to trace. In Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valley (MDV) streams, any POM retained in the hyporheic zone is expected to be derived from surface microbial mats that contain diatoms with long‐lasting silica frustules. We tested whether diatom frustules can be used to trace the retention of autochthonous POM in the hyporheic zone and whether certain geomorphic locations promote this process. The accumulation of diatom frustules in hyporheic sediments, measured as biogenic silica, was correlated with loss‐on‐ignition organic matter and sorbed ammonium, suggesting that diatoms can be used to identify locations where POM has been retained and processed over long timescales, regardless of whether the POM remains intact. In addition, by modeling the upstream sources of hyporheic diatom assemblages, we found that POM was predominantly derived from N‐fixing microbial mats of the genus Nostoc. In terms of spatial variability, we conclude that the hyporheic sediments adjacent to the stream channel that are regularly inundated by daily flood pulses are where the most POM has been retained over long timescales. Autochthonous POM is retained in hyporheic zones of low‐nutrient streams beyond the MDVs, and we suggest that biogenic silica and diatom composition can be used to identify locations where this transfer is most prevalent.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singley, Joel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohen, Matthew J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrient uptake in the supraglacial stream network of an Antarctic glacier</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient tracers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient uptake</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sediments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">supraglacial streams</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2020JG005679</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In polar regions, where many glaciers are cold‐based (frozen to their beds), biological communities on the glacier surface can modulate and transform nutrients, controlling downstream delivery. However, it remains unclear whether supraglacial streams are nutrient sinks or sources and the rates of nutrient processing. In order to test this, we conducted tracer‐injections in three supraglacial streams (62 to 123 m long) on Canada Glacier in the Taylor Valley, of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. We conducted a series of additions including: nitrate (N), N + phosphate (P), N+ P + glucose (C), and N+C. In two reaches, N‐only additions resulted in N uptake. The third reach showed net N release during the N‐only addition, but high N uptake in the N+P addition, indicating P‐limitation or N+P co‐limitation. Co‐injecting C did not increase N‐uptake. Additionally, in these systems at low N concentrations the streams can be a net source of nitrogen. We confirmed these findings using laboratory‐based nutrient incubation experiments on sediment collected from stream channels on Canada Glacier and two other glaciers in the Taylor Valley. Together, these results suggest there is active biological processing of nutrients occurring in these supraglacial streams despite low sediment cover, high flow velocities and cold temperatures, modifying the input signals to proglacial streams. As glaciers world‐wide undergo rapid change, these findings further our understanding of how melt generated on glacier surfaces set the initial nutrient signature for subglacial and downstream environments.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saelens, Elsa D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The impact of fossil fuel burning related to scientific activities in the                        McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: Revisited</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elem Sci Anth</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fossil fuels</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">helicopter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">science activites</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.elementascience.org/article/10.1525/elementa.288/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div title=&quot;Page 1&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fossil fuel use associated with scienti c activities in the Taylor Valley, Antarctic has been examined to determine the fluxes of particulate organic and elemental carbon and nitrogen as well as NOx&amp;nbsp;for the 2015&amp;ndash;2016 austral summer field season. These carbon and nitrogen fluxes are compared to our previously published calculations for the 1997&amp;ndash;1998 austral summer. In addition, we compile fossil fuel usage and resulting C and N fluxes from the major field camp in Taylor Valley, Lake Hoare Camp (LHC) from the late 1990&amp;rsquo;s through 2017. In general, the annual fluxes do vary from year to year, but there is no significant trend, at least during the primary summer field season. There is indication that increasing the length of scientific operations does increase the C and N inputs via fossil fuel burning. This works supports our original results demonstrating that over long periods of time the anthropogenic flux of N from local fossil fuel burning could become quantitatively important in the region. Although the particulate C fluxes remain very low, the recent finding of black carbon in the Taylor Valley landscape indicates more on-going monitoring of the source of this material is merited.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>