<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garrett P. Rue</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical signatures of microbial life in an ecological end-member: Shifting hydroclimate and sediment fluxes influence DOM biogeochemistry in Lake Fryxell, a permanently ice-covered lake in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogeochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DOM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lake metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">limnology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient cycling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15230430.2025.2478678</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2478678</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The ice-covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of Antarctica provide end-member ecosystems for understanding the production of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic ecosystems in the absence of vegetation on the landscape and under resource and nutrient constraints. Given these constraints, DOM in MDV lakes is derived solely from microbial phototrophs and heterotrophic bacteria, contrasting with the dominant terrestrial sources in temperate regions. Previous research developed fluorometric approaches for characterizing DOM, including in MDV lakes. In this study we leveraged these approaches along with contemporary molecular-based techniques to elucidate changes in DOM composition across the depth profile for Lake Fryxell in the MDV. The results showed that the presence of organic molecules containing sulfur increased at depth where anoxic conditions prevailed. To evaluate the influences of climate-induced rising lake levels and multiple flood events in the MDV, we compared recent and historical samples. The results indicated a remarkable consistency in source-related fluorescence metrics over time, whereas a twofold decrease in sulfur content of the fulvic acid fraction was observed in samples from above and below the oxycline. Biogeochemical processes associated with the influx of iron oxide&amp;ndash;rich sediments during flood events may have contributed to this change, and similar processes may stimulate biogeochemical cycling and remineralization in temperate lakes during seasonal transitions.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dragone, Nicholas B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Childress, Mary K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanderburgh, Caihong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willmore, Rachel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sancho, Leopoldo G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charles K. Lee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quandt, C. Alisha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LeMonte, Joshua J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adams, Byron J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noah Fierer</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A comprehensive survey of soil microbial diversity across the Antarctic continent</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soils</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-025-03372-y</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic soils are unique from those found nearly anywhere else on Earth yet can still harbor a broad diversity of microorganisms able to tolerate the challenging conditions typical of the continent. For these reasons, microbiologists have been drawn to Antarctica for decades. However, our understanding of which microbes thrive in Antarctic soils and how they to do so remains limited. To help resolve these knowledge gaps, we analyzed a collection of 200 archived Antarctic soils&amp;mdash;from Livingston Island on the Antarctic Peninsula to Cape Hallett in northern Victoria Land. We analyzed the prokaryotic and fungal communities in these soils using both cultivation-independent marker gene sequencing and cultivation-dependent approaches (microbial isolation), paired with extensive soil geochemical analyses. Our cultivation-independent analyses indicate that colder, saltier, and drier soils harbor less diverse communities of bacteria and fungi, distinct from those found in soils with less challenging conditions. We also built a culture collection from a subset of these soils that encompasses more than 50 bacterial and fungal genera, including cold-tolerant organisms, such as &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Cryobacterium&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Cryomyces&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. By directly comparing the diversity of our cultured isolates against our cultivation-independent data, we show that many of the more abundant Antarctic taxa are not readily cultivated and highlight bacterial and fungal taxa that should be the focus of future cultivation efforts. Together, we hope that our collection of isolates, the comprehensive data compiled from the cultivation-independent analyses, and our geochemical analyses will serve as a community resource to accelerate the study of Antarctic soil microbes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutterman, William S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tulaczyk, Slawek M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foley, Neil T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jill A. Mikucki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilary A. Dugan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grombacher, Denys</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bording, Thue S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Auken, E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Causes and characteristics of electrical resistivity variability in shallow (&lt;4 m) soils in Taylor Valley, East Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JGR Earth Surface</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">active layer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">airborne electromagnetic surveys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">permafrost dynamics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022JF006696</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e2022JF006696</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Airborne electromagnetic surveys collected in December 2011 and November 2018 and three soil sampling transects were used to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of shallow (&amp;lt;4 m) soil properties in lower Taylor Valley (TV), East Antarctica. Soil resistivities from 2011 to 2018 ranged from &amp;sim;33 Ωm to &amp;sim;3,500 Ωm with 200 Ωm assigned as an upper boundary for brine-saturated sediments. Elevations below &amp;sim;50 m above sea level (masl) typically exhibit the lowest resistivities with resistivity increasing at high elevations on steeper slopes. Soil water content was empirically estimated from electrical resistivities using Archie&amp;#39;s Law and range from &amp;sim;&amp;lt;1% to &amp;sim;68% by volume. An increase in silt- and clay-sized particles at low elevations increases soil porosity but decreases hydraulic conductivity, promoting greater residence times of soil water at low elevations near Lake Fryxell. Soil resistivity variability between 2011 and 2018 shows soils at different stages of soil freeze-thaw cycles, which are caused predominantly by solar warming of soils as opposed to air temperature. This study furthers the understanding of the hydrogeologic structure of the shallow subsurface in TV and identifies locations of soils that are potentially prone to greater rates of thaw and resulting ecosystem homogenization of soil properties from projected increases in hydrological connectivity across the region over the coming decades.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melisa A. Diaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christopher B. Gardner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elliot, David H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Change at 85 degrees south: Shackleton Glacier region proglacial lakes from 1960 to 2020</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Glaciology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic glaciology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">meltwater chemistry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/annals-of-glaciology/article/change-at-85-degrees-south-shackleton-glacier-region-proglacial-lakes-from-1960-to-2020/565D96AD7AE72BD22C49CCB772867AC4</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Over the last two decades, anomalous warming events have been observed in coastal Antarctic regions. While these events have been documented in the Ross Sea sector, the Antarctic interior is believed to have been buffered from warming. In this work, we present data from lakes located near Mt. Heekin and Thanksgiving Valley (~85&amp;deg; S) along the Shackleton Glacier, which are believed to be the southern-most Antarctic dry valley lakes. In 2018, the lakes were characterized, repeat satellite images were examined, and lake water chemistry was measured. Our analysis shows that lake areas recently increased, and the water-soluble ion chemistry indicates a flushing of salts from periglacial soils, likely from increased glacial melt as illustrated by water isotope data. Our results show that high southern latitude ice-free areas have likely been affected by warm pulses over the past 60 years and these pulses may be quasi-synchronous throughout the Transantarctic Mountains.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mia Vanderwilt</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterizing velocity gradients in the McMurdo Dry Valleys with high-resolution optical imagery, feature-tracking methods, and in situ observations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cross correlation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cryosphere</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glacier surface velocity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.proquest.com/docview/2916377519</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado Boulder</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulder, CO</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In the water-limited McMurdo Dry Valleys &amp;ndash; the largest ice-free region of Antarctica &amp;ndash; glaciers are the only significant source of meltwater to ephemeral streams and ecosystems. Understanding changes to the flow of these glaciers, along with characterizing how they are growing or shrinking, can elucidate how these physical controls on the region&amp;rsquo;s hydrology and ecology are responding to changing environmental conditions. Because &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; observations are difficult to collect and discrete by nature, various computer vision techniques are increasingly used to track glacier surface velocities from satellite optical and radar datasets. The most common of these techniques is image cross-correlation in the form of template matching or particle image velocimetry (PIV). Although exact methods vary, generally, cross-correlation works by co-registering temporally offset image pairs using similarity in pixel values resulting from distinctive surface features, such as crevasses, large sastrugi and snow dunes. When surface features are well-resolved with respect to an image pair&amp;rsquo;s spatial resolution, and well-preserved relative to its temporal resolution, velocity estimates can have sub-pixel precision. However, when glaciers lack meaningful surface texture &amp;ndash; a common occurrence for the low-gradient, frozen-bed glaciers of the McMurdo Dry Valleys &amp;ndash; cross correlation performs poorly. Using high-resolution (sub-meter per pixel) imagery can help derive texture from minor cracks and small erratics on otherwise smooth, uncrevassed surfaces, but additional adaptations are needed to improve cross correlation performance. These include additional filtering and histogram stretching steps, along with informed search area windows. Velocity estimates derived from this workflow are shown to be comparable to recorded ranges, &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; measurements, and manual feature tracking, but provide a much higher spatial and temporal resolution dataset. Alongside contemporaneous analyses of glacier mass balance, terminal thickness and surface roughness, these glacier velocity data help characterize how glaciers are dynamically evolving in response to environmental conditions in the Dry Valleys.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pothula, Satyendra K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community assembly in the wake of glacial retreat: A meta‐analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Change Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chronosequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">community assembly</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deglaciation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecological succession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glacial forefields</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil ecosystems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.16427</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic biodiversity faces an unknown future with a changing climate. Most terrestrial biota is restricted to limited patches of ice-free land in a sea of ice, where they are adapted to the continent&amp;#39;s extreme cold and wind and exploit microhabitats of suitable conditions. As temperatures rise, ice-free areas are predicted to expand, more rapidly in some areas than others. There is high uncertainty as to how species&amp;#39; distributions, physiology, abundance, and survivorship will be affected as their habitats transform. Here we use current knowledge to propose hypotheses that ice-free area expansion (i) will increase habitat availability, though the quality of habitat will vary; (ii) will increase structural connectivity, although not necessarily increase opportunities for species establishment; (iii) combined with milder climates will increase likelihood of non-native species establishment, but may also lengthen activity windows for all species; and (iv) will benefit some species and not others, possibly resulting in increased homogeneity of biodiversity. We anticipate considerable spatial, temporal, and taxonomic variation in species responses, and a heightened need for interdisciplinary research to understand the factors associated with ecosystem resilience under future scenarios. Such research will help identify at-risk species or vulnerable localities and is crucial for informing environmental management and policymaking into the future.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hudson, Amy R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debra P. C. Peters</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.M. Blair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Childers, Daniel L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geil, Kerrie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Katherine L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haddad, Nick M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastore, Melissa A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudgers, Jennifer A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osvaldo E. Sala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seabloom, Eric W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaver, Gaius</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-site comparisons of dryland ecosystem response to climate change in the US Long-Term Ecological Research Network</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioScience</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANPP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wildfire</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/advance-article/doi/10.1093/biosci/biab134/6654840</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Long-term observations and experiments in diverse drylands reveal how ecosystems and services are responding to climate change. To develop generalities about climate change impacts at dryland sites, we compared broadscale patterns in climate and synthesized primary production responses among the eight terrestrial, nonforested sites of the United States Long-Term Ecological Research (US LTER) Network located in temperate (Southwest and Midwest) and polar (Arctic and Antarctic) regions. All sites experienced warming in recent decades, whereas drought varied regionally with multidecadal phases. Multiple years of wet or dry conditions had larger effects than single years on primary production. Droughts, floods, and wildfires altered resource availability and restructured plant communities, with greater impacts on primary production than warming alone. During severe regional droughts, air pollution from wildfire and dust events peaked. Studies at US LTER drylands over more than 40 years demonstrate reciprocal links and feedbacks among dryland ecosystems, climate-driven disturbance events, and climate change.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stahl-Rommel, Sarah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalra, Isha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D'Silva, Susanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hahn, Mark M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Popson, Devon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cvetkovska, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclic electron flow (CEF) and ascorbate pathway activity provide constitutive photoprotection for the photopsychrophile, &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas&lt;/i&gt; sp. UWO 241 (renamed &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas priscuii&lt;/i&gt;)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthesis Research</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynth Res</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ascorbate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclic electron flow</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosystem I</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychrophile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ROS</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11120-021-00877-5</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">151</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235 - 250</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Under environmental stress, plants and algae employ a variety of strategies to protect the photosynthetic apparatus and maintain photostasis. To date, most studies on stress acclimation have focused on model organisms which possess limited to no tolerance to stressful extremes. We studied the ability of the Antarctic alga &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas&lt;/i&gt; sp. UWO 241 (UWO 241) to acclimate to low temperature, high salinity or high light. UWO 241 maintained robust growth and photosynthetic activity at levels of temperature (2 &amp;deg;C) and salinity (700 mM NaCl) which were nonpermissive for a mesophilic sister species, &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas raudensis&lt;/i&gt; SAG 49.72 (SAG 49.72). Acclimation in the mesophile involved classic mechanisms, including downregulation of light harvesting and shifts in excitation energy between photosystem I and II. In contrast, UWO 241 exhibited high rates of PSI-driven cyclic electron flow (CEF) and a larger capacity for nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). Furthermore, UWO 241 exhibited constitutively high activity of two key ascorbate cycle enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase and maintained a large ascorbate pool. These results matched the ability of the psychrophile to maintain low ROS under short-term photoinhibition conditions. We conclude that tight control over photostasis and ROS levels are essential for photosynthetic life to flourish in a native habitat of permanent photooxidative stress. We propose to rename this organism &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas priscuii&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutterman, William S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Causes and characteristics of electrical resistivity variability in shallow (&lt;4 m) soils in Taylor Valley, East Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Geology and Geophysics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/5411</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Louisiana State University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baton Rouge</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys are the largest ice-free region in Antarctica and are characterized as a polar desert environment. Soils in the region are typically very dry (&amp;lt;1% soil water by weight) and remain frozen for most of the year. Increases in air temperature and incoming solar radiation during the austral summer generate meltwater from glaciers, ground ice, and snow patches supplying moisture to soils and altering the physical and chemical makeup of the subsurface. Previous studies have utilized airborne electromagnetic surveys (AEM) to analyze groundwater systems in the deep subsurface but have not yet examined soil moisture in the shallow (&amp;lt;4 m) subsurface. Here, I used electrical resistivity data from two AEM surveys (2011 and 2018) and soil geochemical data from three transects to characterize the spatial heterogeneity of soil properties in the near-subsurface of lower Taylor Valley. Soil resistivities from 2011 and 2018 range from 33.2 Ωm to 3535 Ωm with low elevations of &amp;lt;100 meters above sea level (masl) typically displaying the lowest resistivities and high elevations displaying greater resistivities. Liquid brine fractions were empirically estimated from electrical resistivity values using Archie&amp;rsquo;s Law and range from 0.3% to 68.2% for soils with resistivities &amp;lt;200 Ωm. Additionally, soil transect data show greater percentages of fine-grained sediments (&amp;lt;63 &amp;micro;m) exist at elevations &amp;lt;100 masl where soil resistivities begin decreasing. Resistivity variability in the subsurface is ultimately controlled by the site history, local and regional climate, soil salinity, soil moisture, soil lithology.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leslie, Deborah L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunt, Allen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Egli, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faybishenko, Boris</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrogeology, Chemical Weathering, and Soil Formation</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geophysical Monograph Series</style></tertiary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">aluminosilicate weathering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CaCO3 dissolution/precipitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemical weathering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic zone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781119563952.ch11</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">257</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoboken, NJ</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">205-216</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;While chemical weathering has not always been considered an active process in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica, long‐term geochemical and hydrological investigations have provided an overall better understanding of chemical weathering in this polar desert environment. Liquid water on the landscape is limited to stream channels as well as shallow subsurface melt features, as there is no overland flow. Stream total suspended sediment loads are low, with the sources of sediment from stream channels, aeolian input, and/or from the surfaces of glaciers. MDV soils contain high concentrations of soluble salts with little clay material, but since absent of water, these soils are a minimal location of chemical weathering. Hyporheic zones exchange water during streamflow, and these areas control the stream geochemistry over various temporal scales. Hyporheic zones promote rapid aluminosilicate weathering by moving dilute glacial meltwater into intimate contact with sediment surfaces. Rapid weathering of the aluminosilicates in the streambed and hyporheic zones is the most plausible explanation for chemostasis observed in these streams, indicating that little to no catchment processes are necessary to explain the observed chemostasis in the MDV. Shallow subsurface waters with distinct geochemical signatures have much higher dissolved Si concentrations than the stream waters and indicate that they are responsible for enhanced aluminosilicate weathering in this polar desert environment. The dissolution of CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; is also a major process in the hyporheic zones as generally the streams are unsaturated with respect to calcite. Cation‐exchange reactions are also important in the evolution from Na‐Cl brines to Ca‐Cl brines within the soil column, while authigenic CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; can both dissolve and precipitate depending on the condition of the system. Recently, stream channel landscapes are changing due to the melting of buried ice, creating thermokarst and water track features, resulting in a sediment and solute influx to the stream.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iwaniec, David M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suding, Katharine N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, David Samuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reed, Daniel C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debra P. C. Peters</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castorani, Max C. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, Elizabeth M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davidson, Melissa J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groffman, Peter M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanan, Niall P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huenneke, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Pieter T. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, Robert J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okin, Gregory S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preston, Daniel L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rassweiler, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ray, Chris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osvaldo E. Sala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schooley, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seastedt, Timothy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spasojevic, Marko J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vivoni, Enrique R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Connectivity: Insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alpine tundra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic polar desert</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arid grassland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arid shrubland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">coastal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">estuary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">salt marsh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Special Feature: Forecasting Earth’s Ecosystems with Long-Term Ecological Research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">urban ecosystem</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecs2.3432</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e03432</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Ecosystems across the United States are changing in complex and surprising ways. Ongoing demand for critical ecosystem services requires an understanding of the populations and communities in these ecosystems in the future. This paper represents a synthesis effort of the U.S. National Science Foundation-funded Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network addressing the core research area of &amp;ldquo;populations and communities.&amp;rdquo; The objective of this effort was to show the importance of long-term data collection and experiments for addressing the hardest questions in scientific ecology that have significant implications for environmental policy and management. Each LTER site developed at least one compelling case study about what their site could look like in 50&amp;ndash;100 yr as human and environmental drivers influencing specific ecosystems change. As the case studies were prepared, five themes emerged, and the studies were grouped into papers in this LTER Futures Special Feature addressing state change, connectivity, resilience, time lags, and cascading effects. This paper addresses the &amp;ldquo;connectivity&amp;rdquo; theme and has examples from the Phoenix (urban), Niwot Ridge (alpine tundra), McMurdo Dry Valleys (polar desert), Plum Island (coastal), Santa Barbara Coastal (coastal), and Jornada (arid grassland and shrubland) sites. Connectivity has multiple dimensions, ranging from multi-scalar interactions in space to complex interactions over time that govern the transport of materials and the distribution and movement of organisms. The case studies presented here range widely, showing how land-use legacies interact with climate to alter the structure and function of arid ecosystems and flows of resources and organisms in Antarctic polar desert, alpine, urban, and coastal marine ecosystems. Long-term ecological research demonstrates that connectivity can, in some circumstances, sustain valuable ecosystem functions, such as the persistence of foundation species and their associated biodiversity or, it can be an agent of state change, as when it increases wind and water erosion. Increased connectivity due to warming can also lead to species range expansions or contractions and the introduction of undesirable species. Continued long-term studies are essential for addressing the complexities of connectivity. The diversity of ecosystems within the LTER network is a strong platform for these studies.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darling, Joshua P.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Controls on microbial mat coverage and diatom species turnover in Antarctic desert streams: A transplant experiment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Environmental Studies</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diatom</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial mat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">streams</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transplant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">turnover</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.proquest.com/docview/2634590982</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado Boulder</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulder, CO</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This thesis evaluates how polar desert streams regulate benthic microbial mat coverage, chlorophyll-a biomass, and diatom species composition. Microbial mats growing on rocks (eplithon) and on sandy substrate (epipelon) were reciprocally transplanted among four glaciers meltwater streams and monitored through time. The selected study streams were Green Creek, Bowles Creek, Delta Stream, Von Guerard Stream in the Lake Fryxell Basin in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. These streams vary in length, streamflow intermittency, and diatom community composition of microbial mats. Results demonstrate that streams strongly control mat biomass (coverage and chlorophyll-a) differently for epilithon and epipelon. However, diatom species composition did not vary between these growth habitats but instead varied by stream, suggesting adaptive niche separation related to environmental conditions. Diatom species composition of transplants in Green Creek became dissimilar from their initial stream communities suggesting downstream dispersal and within stream connectivity regulates community assembly. This experiment confirms that environmental characteristics and intra-stream dispersal processes exert strong control over maintaining microbial mat coverage, biomass accrual, and diatom species composition.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Schuyler R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Counting carbon: Quantifying biomass in the McMurdo Dry Valleys through orbital and field observations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Remote Sensing</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01431161.2021.1981559</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8597 - 8623</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We use correlative field studies and high-resolution multispectral remote sensing data from the WorldView-2 instrument to estimate the abundance of photosynthetically active biomass (photoautotrophs consisting primarily of microbial mats and mosses) in Canada Stream in Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica. In situ field investigations were performed to (1) acquire ground validation targets for atmospherically correcting satellite imagery, (2) derive spectra of &amp;ldquo;pure&amp;rdquo; geologic and biological endmembers, (3) estimate photoautotroph cover from remote sensing data, and (4) convert these coverage estimates to biomass using data collected in the field. Our results suggest that, on the morning of 12 December 2018, the Canada Stream system contained more than 3,800 kg of photosynthetically active carbon. Extrapolating our unmixing results to the entirety of the Fryxell basin of Taylor Valley, Antarctica, we model the presence of more than 750,000 kg of photosynthetically active carbon across the landscape and carbon fixation rates roughly equivalent to five hectares of tropical rainforest. The ability to spatially and temporally quantify the amount of photosynthetically active biomass using remote sensing data in the MDV of Antarctica is a revolutionary development that will help elucidate the ecological drivers and environmental responses in this cold desert landscape.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gries, Corinna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beaulieu, Stace</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, Renée F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastil-Buhl, Gastil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elmendorf, Sarah C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hsieh, Hsun-Yi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kui, Li</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maurer, Greg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porter, John H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Change in Pictures: Creating best practices in archiving ecological imagery for reuse</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity Information Science and Standards</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BISS</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">data repository</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecological data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metadata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://biss.pensoft.net/article/59082/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The research data repository of the Environmental Data Initiative (EDI) is building on over 30 years of data curation research and experience in the National Science Foundation-funded US Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network. It provides mature functionalities, well established workflows, and now publishes all &amp;lsquo;long-tail&amp;rsquo; environmental data. High quality scientific metadata are enforced through automatic checks against community developed rules and the Ecological Metadata Language (EML) standard. Although the EDI repository is far along in making its data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR), representatives from EDI and the LTER are developing best practices for the edge cases in environmental data publishing. One of these is the vast amount of imagery taken in the context of ecological research, ranging from wildlife camera traps to plankton imaging systems to aerial photography. Many images are used in biodiversity research for community analyses (e.g., individual counts, species cover, biovolume, productivity), while others are taken to study animal behavior and landscape-level change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some examples from the LTER Network include: using photos of a heron colony to measure provisioning rates for chicks (Clarkson and Erwin 2018) or identifying changes in plant cover and functional type through time (Peters et al. 2020). Multi-spectral images are employed to identify prairie species. Underwater photo quads are used to monitor changes in benthic biodiversity (Edmunds 2015). Sosik et al. (2020) used a continuous Imaging FlowCytobot to identify and measure phyto- and microzooplankton. Cameras at McMurdo Dry Valleys assess snow and ice cover on Antarctic lakes allowing estimation of primary production (Myers 2019).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;It has been standard practice to publish numerical data extracted from images in EDI; however, the supporting imagery generally has not been made publicly available. Our goal in developing best practices for documenting and archiving these images is for them to be discovered and re-used. Our examples demonstrate several issues. The research questions, and hence, the image subjects are variable. Images frequently come in logical sets of time series. The size of such sets can be large and only some images may be contributed to a dedicated specialized repository. Finally, these images are taken in a larger monitoring context where many other environmental data are collected at the same time and location.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Currently, a typical approach to publishing image data in EDI are packages containing compressed (ZIP or tar) files with the images, a directory manifest with additional image-specific metadata, and a package-level EML metadata file. Images in the compressed archive may be organized within directories with filenames corresponding to treatments, locations, time periods, individuals, or other grouping attributes. Additionally, the directory manifest table has columns for each attribute. Package-level metadata include standard coverage elements (e.g., date, time, location) and sampling methods. This approach of archiving logical &amp;lsquo;sets&amp;rsquo; of images reduces the effort of providing metadata for each image when most information would be repeated, but at the expense of not making every image individually searchable. The latter may be overcome if the provided manifest contains standard metadata that would allow searching and automatic integration with other images.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schulte, Nicholas O.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization of spatial and environmental influences on stream diatoms and cyanobacteria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Studies</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">algae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dispersal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metacommunity ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species distribution models</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.proquest.com/docview/2476216263</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado Boulder</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulder, CO</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph.D.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Primary producing algae form the basis of carbon fixation, oxygen production, and food webs in aquatic ecosystems globally. However, human activities disrupt climate and freshwater physicochemistry. These impacts alter the health of algal communities and the ecosystem services algae provide. Meanwhile, spatial processes like dispersal and landscape characteristics like geology also influence algal structure and function. Diatoms are indicators of stream health and are model organisms for understanding the processes underlying microbial biogeography. Benthic cyanobacteria present risks to human health through the proliferation of toxin-producing blooms. With this dissertation, I investigate the ecosystem processes that influence diatom and cyanobacterial community composition and taxon distributions. My goal is to advance the understanding of ecosystem controls on algal biogeography and to characterize taxon-specific autecology for use in environmental management. First, I measured the extent of wind-mediated dispersal of benthic diatoms across aquatic habitats to better understand how community composition is structured by spatial processes across the McMurdo Dry Valleys polar desert in Antarctica. I found that inter-habitat dispersal is common but less influential on community composition than intra-habitat factors such as environmental conditions. I then used non-linear, multivariable modeling to assess the relative influences of climate, watershed characteristics, and in-stream stressors on the relative abundances of 268 diatom taxa across gradients of human impact in the northeast United States. My results indicate diatom taxa are affected by different suites of environmental conditions but that taxa belong to ecological guilds based on shared responsiveness to environmental factors. Finally, I applied multivariable modeling towards understanding the effects of aquatic stressors, including herbicides and persistent organic pollutants, on the distributions of benthic cyanobacteria across northeast U.S. streams. I found that watershed characteristics, streamflow, and herbicides were more influential than light availability, water temperature, and nutrients on the distributions of potentially toxigenic cyanobacterial genera. Collectively, this research expands the knowledge of how benthic algal communities and taxon distributions are structured at large spatial scales along gradients of unimpacted and human-altered environmental conditions. I provide a novel modeling framework and taxon-specific autecological information that can be applied to environmental assessments of stream health and future algal research.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalra, Isha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Xin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cvetkovska, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeong, Jooyeon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McHargue, William</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Ru</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hüner, Norman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuan, Joshua S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlamydomonas sp. UWO 241 exhibits high cyclic electron flow and rewired metabolism under high salinity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Physiology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/early/2020/04/03/pp.19.01280</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The Antarctic green alga &lt;em&gt;Chlamydomonas&lt;/em&gt; sp. UWO 241 (UWO 241) is adapted to permanent low temperatures, hypersalinity, and extreme shade. one of the most striking phenotypes of UWO 241 is an altered photosystem I (PSI) organization and constitutive PSI cyclic electron flow (CEF). To date, little attention has been paid to CEF during long-term stress acclimation, and the consequences of sustained CEF in UWO 241 are not known. In this study, we combined photobiology, proteomics, and metabolomics to understand the underlying role of sustained CEF in high salinity stress acclimation. High salt-grown UWO 241 exhibited increased thylakoid proton motive flux and an increased capacity for non-photochemical quenching. Under high salt, a significant proportion of the upregulated enzymes were associated with the Calvin Benson Bassham Cycle, carbon storage metabolism, and protein translation. Two key enzymes of the Shikimate pathway, DAHP synthase and chorismate synthase, were also upregulated, as well as indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of L-tryptophan and indole acetic acid. In addition, several compatible solutes (glycerol, proline, and sucrose) accumulated to high levels in high salt-grown UWO 241 cultures. We suggest that UWO 241 maintains constitutively high CEF through the associated PSI-cytochrome b6f supercomplex to support robust growth and strong photosynthetic capacity under a constant growth regime of low temperatures and high salinity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obryk, M. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doran, P. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fountain, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKay, C. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Climate from the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, 1986 – 2017: Surface air temperature trends and redefined summer season</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">summer season</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">weather observations</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2019JD032180</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The weather of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, the largest ice‐free region of the Antarctica, has been continuously monitored since 1985 with currently 14 operational meteorological stations distributed throughout the valleys. Because climate is based on a 30‐year record of weather, this is the first study to truly define the contemporary climate of the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Mean air temperature and solar radiation based on all stations were ‐20&amp;deg;C and 102 W m&lt;sup&gt;‐2&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively. Depending on the site location, the mean annual air temperatures on the valleys floors ranged between ‐15&amp;deg;C and ‐30&amp;deg;C, and mean annual solar radiation varied between 72 W m&lt;sup&gt;‐2&lt;/sup&gt; and 122 W m&lt;sup&gt;‐2&lt;/sup&gt;. Surface air temperature decreased by 0.7&amp;deg;C per decade from 1986 to 2006 at Lake Hoare station (longest continuous record), after which the record is highly variable with no trend. All stations with sufficiently long records showed similar trend shifts in 2005 &amp;plusmn;1 year. Summer is defined as November through February, using a physically based process: up‐valley warming from the coast associated with a change in atmospheric stability.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matula, Emily E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterizing photobioregenerative technology for simulataneous thermal control and air revitalization of spacecraft and surface habitats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://scholar.colorado.edu/asen_gradetds/258/</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado Boulder</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulder, CO</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph.D.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Algal photobioreactors have been researched as potential solutions to air revitalization in a spacecraft cabin environment by absorbing CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and producing O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; through photosynthesis. This photosynthesis, and consumption of produced biomass, theoretically provides a closed-loop solution for long-duration spaceflight. Addressing multiple spaceflight requirements simultaneously with algae has the potential to reduce launch mass, power and volume of future Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) systems. Additionally, inoculating algal culture into a water-based thermal cooling loops (flight-proven standard of active cooling found on the International Space Station (ISS)) could incorporate simultaneous air revitalization and thermal control into a common system. However, this imparts rapid, extreme thermal swings on algal cells not evolved for culture in a transient thermal environment. Therefore, the effect of dynamic thermal environments on the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; turnover of algae was characterized to provide a first-order assessment of system feasibility. This research characterizes the effect of dynamic environments, both transient thermal environments and varying levels of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration, on metabolic processes of the algal culture. Experiments using Antarctic algal species were included to investigate if cold-acclimated algae are more efficient than Chlorella at CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; turnover in the active cooling environment. The simultaneous heat and mass transfer coefficients of a nonporous, gas-permeable membrane were characterized, and membrane models developed for future design considerations. A photobioreactor system was designed with considerations for gravity-independence, prototyped, and tested using parameters defined by the ISS cabin environment. A failure modes and effect analysis distilled lessons learned from the previous experiments, which also informs the use of algae for bioregenerative life support. In conclusion, the resulting values from the previous characterization experiments, along with values found in literature, were used to make a first-order mass-balance comparison between current ISS ECLSS and photobioregenerative technologies. This work serves as an initial evaluation of the feasibility for using an algal photobioreactor for simultaneous air revitalization and active thermal control of a spacecraft or surface habitat.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yue, Linyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weidong Kong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ji, Mukan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Jinbo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community response of microbial primary producers to salinity is primarily driven by nutrients in lakes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science of the Total Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cbbL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lake waters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial primary producers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">salinity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719339786</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">696</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">134001</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Higher microbial diversity was frequently observed in saline than fresh waters, but the underlying mechanisms remains unknown, particularly in microbial primary producers (MPP). MPP abundance and activity are notably constrained by high salinity, but facilitated by high nutrients. It remains to be ascertained whether and how nutrients regulate the salinity constraints on MPP abundance and community structure. Here we investigated the impact of nutrients on salinity constraints on MPP abundance and diversity in undisturbed lakes with a wide salinity range on the Tibetan Plateau. MPP community was explored using quantitative PCR, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing of cloning libraries targeting form IC cbbL gene. The MPP community structure was sorted by salinity into freshwater (salinity&amp;lt;1&amp;permil;), saline (1&amp;permil; &amp;lt; salinity&amp;lt;29&amp;permil;) and hypersaline (salinity&amp;gt;29&amp;permil;) lakes. Furthermore, while MPP abundance, diversity and richness were significantly constrained with increasing salinity, these constraints were mitigated by enhancing total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents in freshwater and saline lakes. In contrast, the MPP diversity increased significantly with the salinity in hypersaline lakes, due to the mitigation of enhancing TOC and TN contents and salt-tolerant MPP taxa. The mitigating effect of nutrients was more pronounced in saline than in freshwater and hypersaline lakes. The MPP compositions varied along salinity, with &lt;em&gt;Betaproteobacteria&lt;/em&gt; dominating both the freshwater and saline lakes and &lt;em&gt;Gammaproteobacteria&lt;/em&gt; dominating the hypersaline lakes. We concluded that high nutrients could mitigate the salinity constraining effects on MPP abundance, community richness and diversity. Our findings offer a novel insight into the salinity effects on primary producers and highlight the interactive effects of salinity and nutrients on MPP in lakes. These findings can be used as a baseline to illuminate the effects of increased anthropogenic activities altering nutrient dynamics on the global hydrological cycle and the subsequent responses thereof by MPP communities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Hawes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumner, Dawn Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jungblut, Anne D.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hurst, Christon J.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complex Structure but Simple Function in Microbial Mats from Antarctic Lakes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Structure and Function of Aquatic Microbial Communities</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biofilm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial structures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">self-organising structures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stromatolite</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-16775-2_4</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer International Publishing</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cham</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91 - 120</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-3-030-16775-2</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Microbial mats growing under the permanent ice cover of Antarctic lakes occupy an exceptionally low-disturbance regime. Constant temperature, the absence of bioturbation or physical disturbance from wind action or ice formation allow mats to accumulate, as annual growth layers, over many decades or even centuries. In so doing they often assume decimetre scale, three-dimensional morphologies such as elaborate pinnacle structures and conical mounds. Here we combine existing and new information to describe microbial structures in three Antarctic lakes&amp;mdash;simple prostrate mats in Lake Hoare, emergent cones in Lake Untersee and elaborate pinnacles in Lake Vanda. We attempt to determine whether structures emerge simply from uncoordinated organism-environment interactions or whether they represent an example of &amp;ldquo;emergent complexity&amp;rdquo;, within which some degree of self-organisation occurs to confer a holistic functional advantage to component organisms. While some holistic advantages were evident from the structures&amp;mdash;the increase in surface area allows greater biomass and overall productivity and nutrient exchange with overlying water&amp;mdash;the structures could also be understood in terms of potential interactions between individuals, their orientation and their environment. The data lack strong evidence of coordinated behaviour directed towards holistic advantages to the structure, though hints of coordinated behaviour are present as non-random distributions of structural elements. The great size of microbial structures in Antarctic lakes, and their relatively simple community composition, makes them excellent models for more focused research on microbial cooperation.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyler J. Kohler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liptzin, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catch and release: Hyporheic retention and mineralization of N-fixing &lt;i&gt;Nostoc&lt;/i&gt; sustains downstream microbial mat biomass in two polar desert streams</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnology and Oceanography Letters</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnol. Oceanogr.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10087</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">357 - 364</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div title=&quot;Page 1&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Much work has been performed to investigate controls on nitrogen (N) uptake in streams, yet the fate of assimilated N is comparatively poorly resolved. Here, we use in-stream fixed N as an isotopic tracer to study the fate of assimilated N in glacial meltwater streams. We characterized&amp;nbsp;d15N signatures of Oscillatorean, Chlorophyte, and N-fixing&amp;nbsp;Nostoc&amp;nbsp;mats over the lengths of two streams, and transported particulate organic matter (POM) in one. POM was isotopically most similar to&amp;nbsp;Nostoc, which always had values near the atmospheric standard, suggesting N-fixation. Other mat types were depleted upstream, and became progressively enriched downstream, indicating a shift in N source. These results collectively show that&amp;nbsp;Nostoc-derived N is mobilized, mineralized, and increasingly assimilated downstream as more depleted glacier-derived N is exhausted, demonstrating the importance of organic matter processing to balancing elemental budgets, and improving our understanding of nutrient cycling in lotic environments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bullen, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ca isotopic geochemistry of an Antarctic aquatic system</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geophysical Research Letters</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geophys. Res. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GL071169/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">882 - 891</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are a polar desert ecosystem. The hydrologic system of the dry valleys is linked to climate with ephemeral streams that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;ow from glacial melt during the austral summer. Past climate variations have strongly in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;uenced the closed-basin, chemically strati&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;ed lakes on the valley &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;oor. Results of previous work point to important roles for both in-stream processes (e.g., mineral weathering, precipitation and dissolution of salts) and in-lake processes (e.g., mixing with paleo-seawater and calcite precipitation) in determining the geochemistry of these lakes. These processes have a signi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;cant in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: &amp;quot;AdvTTe45e47d2+fb&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;uence on calcium (Ca) biogeochemistry in this aquatic ecosystem, and thus variations in Ca stable isotope compositions of the waters can aid in validating the importance of these processes. We have analyzed the Ca stable isotope compositions of streams and lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. The results validate the important roles of weathering of aluminosilicate minerals and/or CaCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2; vertical-align: -2pt;&quot;&gt;3 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; font-family: AdvTTe45e47d2;&quot;&gt;in the hyporheic zone of the streams, and mixing of lake surface water with paleo-seawater and precipitation of Ca-salts during cryo-concentration events to form the deep lake waters. The lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys evolved following different geochemical pathways, evidenced by their unique, nonsystematic Ca isotope signatures.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singley, Joel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wlostowski, Adam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergstrom, Anna J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torrens, Christa L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chris Jaros</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, Colleen E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hendrickson, Patrick J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterizing hyporheic exchange processes using high-frequency electrical conductivity-discharge relationships on subhourly to interannual timescales</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Resources Research</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Resour. Res.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016WR019739/full</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4124 - 4141</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(35, 31, 32); font-family: AdvOT46dcae81; font-size: 9pt;&quot;&gt;Concentration-discharge (C-Q) relationships are often used to quantify source water contributions and biogeochemical processes occurring within catchments, especially during discrete hydrological events. Yet, the interpretation of C-Q hysteresis is often confounded by complexity of the critical zone, such as numerous source waters and hydrochemical nonstationarity. Consequently, researchers must often ignore important runoff pathways and geochemical sources/sinks, especially the hyporheic zone because it lacks a distinct hydrochemical signature. Such simplifications limit efforts to identify processes responsible for the transience of C-Q hysteresis over time. To address these limitations, we leverage the hydrologic simplicity and long-term, high-frequency Q and electrical conductivity (EC) data from streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. In this two end-member system, EC can serve as a proxy for the concentration of solutes derived from the hyporheic zone. We utilize a novel approach to decompose loops into subhysteretic EC-Q dynamics to identify individual mechanisms governing hysteresis across a wide range of timescales. We find that hydrologic and hydraulic processes govern EC response to diel and seasonal Q variability and that the effects of hyporheic mixing processes on C-Q transience differ in short and long streams. We also observe that variable hyporheic turnover rates govern EC-Q patterns at daily to interannual timescales. Last, subhysteretic analysis reveals a period of interannual freshening of glacial meltwater streams related to the effects of unsteady flow on hyporheic exchange. The subhysteretic analysis framework we introduce may be applied more broadly to constrain the processes controlling C-Q transience and advance understanding of catchment evolution.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuhn, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Margesin</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Climate of Snow and Ice as Boundary Condition for Microbial Life in Psychrophiles: From Biodiversity to Biotechnology</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-57057-0</style></url></web-urls></urls><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></edition><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-3-319-57056-3</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The microclimate and structure of snow and ice are a boundary condition as well as a matrix for a large spectrum of microbial life under alpine and polar conditions. Biological activity critically depends on the supply of energy, water and nutrients, with solar radiation as the prime source of energy, varying with latitude and altitude. The energy balance at the snow or ice surface provides the boundary condition for the fluxes of energy and water to the snow and ice, with important latitudinal differences from the temperate to the polar regions. The extreme situations of sunlit rocks surrounded by snow and the environment of Antarctic cryoconite holes, where ice, water, solar radiation and nutrients interact in particular ways, closes this review on ice and its effect on microbial life.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thompson, Luke R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanders, Jon G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McDonald, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amir, Amnon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ladau, Joshua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locey, Kenneth J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prill, Robert J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tripathi, Anupriya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibbons, Sean M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ackermann, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navas-Molina, Jose A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janssen, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kopylova, Evguenia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vázquez-Baeza, Yoshiki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonio González</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morton, James T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirarab, Siavash</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zech Xu, Zhenjiang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang, Lingjing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haroon, Mohamed F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanbar, Jad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, Qiyun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jin Song, Se</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kosciolek, Tomasz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokulich, Nicholas A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lefler, Joshua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brislawn, Colin J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humphrey, Gregory</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owens, Sarah M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berg-Lyons, Donna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKenzie, Valerie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noah Fierer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuhrman, Jed A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clauset, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stevens, Rick L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shade, Ashley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollard, Katherine S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goodwin, Kelly D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jansson, Janet K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilbert, Jack A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knight, Rob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Earth Microbiome Project Consortium</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/nature24621</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">551</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Our growing awareness of the microbial world&amp;rsquo;s importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple studies and allow us to explore patterns of diversity at an unprecedented scale. The result is both a reference database giving global context to DNA sequence data and a framework for incorporating data from future studies, fostering increasingly complete characterization of Earth&amp;rsquo;s microbial diversity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">457</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brewster, Shelby A.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparing the Weathering Environment of Permian and Modern Antarctic Proglacial Lake Sediments: Mineralogical and Geochemical Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">School of Earth Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/1811/80763</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Ohio State University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Columbus, OH</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The Antarctic continent has been in a polar to subpolar position since the Permian period. Although it has experienced milder climates over this time period as evidenced by corals in the fossil record, Antarctica did undergo extensive glaciation during the Permian. This is based on the abundance of Permian tillites (sedimentary rocks derived from glacier tills) found in the Transantarctic Mountains. In this research, I have compared Permian age proglacial lake sediments that are associated with tilites to modern proglacial lake siltstones and mudstones from Antarctica. This was done to determine the climate, especially the amount of glacier melt that occurred when these Permian sediments were deposited. The modern lake sediments are deposited in perennially ice-covered lakes by ephemeral streams that only flow 6 to 12 weeks a year. The geochemical analyses of the Permian samples and the modern sediments from Lake Hoare in the McMurdo Dry Valleys suggest that the Permian samples are more highly chemically weathered than the modern sediments. The mineralogy of Lake Hoare sediments contain more primary minerals than chemical weathering produced minerals in the Pagoda Formation rocks, thus supporting the geochemical analysis that the Pagoda Formation minerals have been more weathered. All these data suggest that the Permian lake samples were deposited in a warmer, more hydrogeologically active environment than were the modern lake sediments. These data support previously published sedimentological and paleontological data that the Pagoda samples were deposited under more temperate or warm-based proglacial conditions than what is observed in the McMurdo Dry Valleys today.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bachelors</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scheuermann, Jordan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Weathering and Mineralogy of McMurdo Dry Valley Streams: Examining the Controls of Current and Future Ephemeral Stream Geochemistry</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">School of Earth Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.handle.net/1811/68887</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ohio State University</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Undergraduate Theses</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14.8800001144409px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(246, 244, 244);&quot;&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys form the largest ice-free region in Antarctica and are the coldest, driest deserts in the world. But, for approximately 6-12 weeks per year in the austral summer, continuous sunlight and near-freezing temperatures create meltwater streams that descend from the surrounding alpine glaciers. These ephemeral streams are a distinctive feature in the barren dry valley landscape and are important sources of nutrients and solutes from the weathering of streambed and hyporheic zone materials. This setting has been a US National Science Foundation funded Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) project since 1993. A major goal of the McMurdo LTER is to understand how liquid water, the primary limiting condition for life in Antarctica, is affected by climate variability. The McMurdo Dry Valleys are extremely climate-sensitive and even seemingly small variations in temperature can have a drastic effect on hydrological activity. The McMurdo LTER program has been successful in collecting and analyzing a large amount of stream data pertaining to weathering products but, a more comprehensive analysis and interpretation of the data have yet to be undertaken. Assessment of current and future stream geochemistry is critical to predict the impact of increased water flow due to glacier melt and increasing temperature which could greatly influence the ecological function and biologic diversity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Surface sediments were collected at multiple locations from ephemeral streams and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and x-ray diffraction to determine sediment mineralogy and evidence of chemical weathering. Geochemical reactions were modeled using previously collected stream water data and the USGS PHREEQC software for the speciation calculations and the assessment of the solubility controlling solid phases. Chemical weathering was apparent through visible mineral alteration and the formation of secondary weathering products. Modeling results indicate that stream geochemistry will not significantly be affected by increased water temperature in the future. These results suggest stream geochemistry and chemical weathering may instead be controlled primarily through hydrologic exchange in the hyporheic zone.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bachelors</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Ningfang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohajerin, T. Jade</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Telfeyan, Katherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chevis, Darren A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grimm, Deborah A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">White, Christopher D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Karen H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of arsenic and molybdenum geochemistry in meromictic lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: Implications for oxyanion-forming trace element behavior in permanently stratified lakes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Geology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Geology</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009254115001874http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0009254115001874?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0009254115001874?httpAccept=text/plain</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">404</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">110 - 125</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;Water samples were collected for arsenic (As) and molybdenum (Mo) analysis from different depths in Lakes Hoare and Fryxell, both of which are located in the Taylor Valley within the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Sampling depths within each lake were chosen to capture variations in As and Mo concentrations and As speciation in the oxic mixolimnia and anoxic monimolimnia of these meromictic lakes. Arsenic concentrations ranged from 0.67&amp;nbsp;nmol&amp;nbsp;kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;&amp;nbsp;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;to 3.54&amp;nbsp;nmol&amp;nbsp;kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;&amp;nbsp;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;in Lake Hoare and from 1.69&amp;nbsp;nmol&amp;nbsp;kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;&amp;nbsp;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;to 17.5&amp;nbsp;nmol&amp;nbsp;kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;&amp;nbsp;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;in Lake Fryxell. Molybdenum concentrations varied between 5.05&amp;nbsp;nmol&amp;nbsp;kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;&amp;nbsp;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;and 43&amp;nbsp;nmol&amp;nbsp;kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;&amp;nbsp;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;in Lake Hoare, and between 3.52&amp;nbsp;nmol&amp;nbsp;kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;&amp;nbsp;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;and 25.5&amp;nbsp;nmol&amp;nbsp;kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;minus;&amp;nbsp;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;in Lake Fryxell. Concentrations of As and Mo generally increased with depth in the mixolimnion of each lake, consistent with uptake near the ice&amp;ndash;water interface by organic particles and/or Fe/Mn oxides/oxyhydroxides, followed by gravitational settling and regeneration/remineralization at depth in the vicinity of the redoxcline. Arsenic concentrations either remained constant (Hoare) or increased with depth (Fryxell) in the anoxic monimolimnia, whereas Mo exhibited dramatic decreases in concentrations across the redoxcline in both lakes. Geochemical modeling predicts that As and Mo occur as thioanions in the anoxic bottom waters of Lakes Hoare and Fryxell, and further that the contrasting behavior of both trace elements reflects the respective reactivity of their thioanions towards Fe-sulfide minerals such as mackinawite (FeS) and/or pyrite (FeS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; line-height: 0; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.6800003051758px; word-spacing: -1.24453127384186px;&quot;&gt;). More specifically, the geochemical model suggests that Fe-sulfide mineral precipitation in the anoxic monimolimnia of both lakes regulates dissolved sulfide concentrations at levels that are too low for As-sulfide minerals (e.g., orpiment, realgar) to precipitate, whereas mackinawite and/or pyrite react(s) with particle reactive thiomolybdate anions, possibly forming an Fe&amp;ndash;Mo&amp;ndash;S mineral that precipitates and, hence, leads to Mo removal from solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">110</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ball, Becky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross A. Virginia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Controls on diel soil CO2 flux across moisture gradients in a polar desert</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&amp;aid=9776001&amp;fileId=S0954102015000255</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are a climate-sensitive ecosystem, where future projected climate warming will increase liquid water availability to release soil biology from physical limitations and alter ecosystem processes. For example, many studies have shown that CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux, an important aspect of the carbon cycle, is controlled by temperature and moisture, which often overwhelm biotic contributions in desert ecosystems. However, these studies used either single-point measurements during peak times of biological activity or diel cycles at individual locations. Here, we present diel cycles of CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux from a range of soil moisture conditions and a variety of locations and habitats to determine how diel cycles of CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux vary across gradients of wet-to-dry soil and whether the water source influences the diel cycle of moist soil. Soil temperature, water content and microbial biomass significantly influenced CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux. Soil temperature explained most of the variation. Soil CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux moderately increased with microbial biomass, demonstrating a sometimes small but significant role of biological fluxes. Our results show that over gradients of soil moisture, both geochemical and biological fluxes contribute to soil CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux, and physical factors must be considered when estimating biological CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;flux in systems with low microbial biomass.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jungblut, Anne D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Hawes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dale T. Andersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumner, Dawn Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mackey, Tyler J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyanobacterial diversity in benthic mats of the McMurdo Dry Valley lakes, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar Biol</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-015-1669-0http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00300-015-1669-0</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1097 - 1110</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div&gt;Perennially ice-covered, meromictic lakes in&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are useful models to&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;study the relationship between cyanobacterial and environmental&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;variables. They have rich benthic cyanobacterial&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;mat accumulations and stable stratification of physical and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;chemical conditions. Here, we evaluated cyanobacteria&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;from benthic mats from multiple depths in three geographically&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;separated ice-covered lakes, Lakes Vanda,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;Hoare and Joyce, using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. We&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;identified 19 ribotypes, mostly Oscillatoriales and several&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Chroococcales, as well as potentially novel cyanobacterial&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;ribotypes. The majority of ribotype diversity was shared&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;between lakes, and only a weak relationship between ribotype&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;community structure and environmental variables&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;was evident. Multivariate analysis of all lake&amp;ndash;depth combinations&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;implied that photosynthetically active radiation,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;dissolved reactive phosphorus and conductivity were&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;potentially important for shaping benthic communities in&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;McMurdo Dry Valley lakes. Cyanobacterial-specific pigment&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;signature analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;showed that the cyanobacterial communities&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;responded to light conditions similarly, irrespective of&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;community composition. The results imply a capability&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;within a suite of cyanobacteria to colonise, adapt and grow&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;across broad environmental ranges and geographic space,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;and such adaptability may provide a high degree of community&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;resistance and resilience to future climate-driven&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.923em; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;environmental change in Antarctic terrestrial aquatic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;ecosystems.&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schwartz, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Van Horn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heather N. Buelow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okie, J.G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization of Growing Bacterial Populations in McMurdo Dry Valley Soils through Stable Isotope Probing with 18O-water.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEMS Microbiology Ecology.</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415-425</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil microbial communities of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (MDV) contain representatives from at least fourteen bacterial phyla. However, given low rates of microbial activity, it is unclear whether this richness represents functioning rather than dormant members of the community. We used stable isotope probing (SIP) with (18) O-water to determine if microbial populations grow in MDV soils. Changes in the microbial community were characterized in soils amended with H2 (18) O and H2 (18) O-organic matter. Sequencing the 16S rRNA genes of the heavy and light fractions of the bacterial community DNA shows that DNA of microbial populations was labeled with (18) O-water, indicating these micro-organisms grew in the MDV soils. Significant differences existed in the community composition of the heavy and light fractions of the H2 (18) O and H2 (18) O-organic matter amended samples (Anosim P &lt; 0.05 of weighted Unifrac distance). Control samples and the light DNA fraction of the H2 (18) O amended samples were dominated by representatives of the phyla Deinococcus-Thermus, Proteobacteria, Planctomyces, Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria, whereas Proteobacteria were more prevalent in the heavy DNA fractions from the H2 (18) O-water and the H2 (18) O-water-organic matter treatments. Our results indicate that SIP with H2 (18) O can be used to distinguish active bacterial populations even in this low organic matter environment.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuan, Xu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trista J. Vick-Majors</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linda A. Amaral-Zettler</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciliate diversity, community structure and novel taxa in lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Bulleting</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">175-190</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We report an in-depth survey of next-generation DNA sequencing of ciliate diversity and community structure in two permanently ice-covered McMurdo Dry Valley lakes during the austral summer and autumn (November 2007 and March 2008). We tested hypotheses on the relationship between species richness and environmental conditions including environmental extremes, nutrient status, and day length. On the basis of the unique environment that exists in these high-latitude lakes, we expected that novel taxa would be present. Alpha diversity analyses showed that extreme conditions-that is, high salinity, low oxygen, and extreme changes in day length-did not impact ciliate richness; however, ciliate richness was 30% higher in samples with higher dissolved organic matter. Beta diversity analyses revealed that ciliate communities clustered by dissolved oxygen, depth, and salinity, but not by season (i.e., day length). The permutational analysis of variance test indicated that depth, dissolved oxygen, and salinity had significant influences on the ciliate community for the abundance matrices of resampled data, while lake and season were not significant. This result suggests that the vertical trends in dissolved oxygen concentration and salinity may play a critical role in structuring ciliate communities. A PCR-based strategy capitalizing on divergent eukaryotic V9 hypervariable region ribosomal RNA gene targets unveiled two new genera in these lakes. A novel taxon belonging to an unknown class most closely related to Cryptocaryon irritans was also inferred from separate gene phylogenies.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">175</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. M. Marion</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. E. Murray</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wagner, Bernd</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christian H. Fritsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenig, Fabien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon Sequestration and Release from Antarctic Lakes: Lake Vida and West Lake Bonney (McMurdo Dry Valleys)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquatic Geochemistry</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquat Geochem</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10498-012-9184-1http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10498-012-9184-1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">135 - 145</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;Perennial ice covers on many Antarctic lakes have resulted in high lake inorganic carbon contents. The objective of this paper was to evaluate and compare the brine and CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;chemistries of Lake Vida (Victoria Valley) and West Lake Bonney (Taylor Valley), two lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (East Antarctica), and their potential consequences during global warming. An existing geochemical model (FREZCHEM-15) was used to convert measured molarity into molality needed for the FREZCHEM model, and this model added a new algorithm that converts measured DIC into carbonate alkalinity needed for the FREZCHEM model. While quite extensive geochemical information exists for ice-covered Taylor Valley lakes, such as West Lake Bonney, only limited information exists for the recently sampled brine of &amp;gt;25&amp;nbsp;m ice-thick Lake Vida. Lake Vida brine had a model-calculated pCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;0.60 bars at the field pH (6.20); West Lake Bonney had a model-calculated pCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;5.23&amp;nbsp;bars at the field pH (5.46). Despite the high degree of atmospheric CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;supersaturation in West Lake Bonney, it remains significantly undersaturated with the gas hydrate, CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;middot;6H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;O, unless these gas hydrates are deep in the sediment layer or are metastable having formed under colder temperatures or greater pressures. Because of lower temperatures, Lake Vida could start forming CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;middot;6H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;O at lower pCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;values than West Lake Bonney; but both lakes are significantly undersaturated with the gas hydrate, CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;middot;6H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;O. For both lakes, simulation of global warming from current subzero temperatures (&amp;minus;13.4&amp;nbsp;&amp;deg;C in Lake Vida and &amp;minus;4.7&amp;nbsp;&amp;deg;C in West Lake Bonney) to 10&amp;nbsp;&amp;deg;C has shown that a major loss of solution-phase carbon as CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;gases and carbonate minerals occurred when the temperatures rose above 0&amp;nbsp;&amp;deg;C and perennial ice covers would disappear. How important these Antarctic CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;sources will be for future global warming remains to be seen. But a recent paper has shown that methane increased in atmospheric concentration due to deglaciation about 10,000&amp;nbsp;years ago. So, CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1; vertical-align: text-bottom; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.7999992370605px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;release from ice lakes might contribute to atmospheric gases in the future.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leslie, D.L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harmon, R.S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klaus Neumann</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisson, K. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The carbon stable isotope biogeochemistry of streams, Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Geochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26 - 36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaelin M. Cawley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penney L. Miller</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose M. Cory</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fimmen, Ryan L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guerard, Jennifer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markus Dieser</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chris Jaros</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yu-Ping Chin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christine M. Foreman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization of fulvic acid fractions of dissolved organic matter during ice-out in a hyper-eutrophic, coastal pond in Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Research Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">045015</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dissolved humic material (HDOM) is ubiquitous to all natural waters and its source material influences its chemical structure, reactivity, and bioavailability. While terrestrially derived HDOM reference materials distributed by the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) have been readily available to engineering and scientific communities, a microbially derived reference HDOM was not, despite the well-characterized differences in the chemistry and reactivity of HDOM derived from terrestrial versus microbial sources. To address this gap, we collected a microbial reference fulvic acid from Pony Lake (PLFA) for distribution through the IHSS. Pony Lake is a saline coastal pond on Ross Island, Antarctica, where the landscape is devoid of terrestrial plants. Sample collection occurred over a 17-day period in the summer season at Pony Lake. During this time, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations increased nearly two-fold, and the fulvic acid fraction (collected using the XAD-8 method) accounted for 14.6% of the DOC. During the re-concentration and desalting procedures we isolated two other chemically distinct fulvic acid fractions: (1) PLFA-2, which was high in carbohydrates and (2) PLFA-CER, which was high in nitrogen. The chemical characteristics (elemental analysis, optical characterization with UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, and 13C NMR spectroscopy) of the three fulvic acid fractions helped to explain their behavior during isolation.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D’Andrilli, Juliana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christine M. Foreman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marshall, Alan G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization of IHSS Pony Lake fulvic acid dissolved organic matter by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic Geochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146638013002167</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">65</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19 - 28</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dickson, James L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Head, James W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph S. Levy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marchant, David R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CORRIGENDUM: Don Juan Pond, Antarctica: Near-surface CaCl2-brine feeding Earth’s most saline lake and implications for Mars</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientific Reports</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steven L. Chown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hughes, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barnes, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, P.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D.M. Bergstrom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Convey, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, Don A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crosbie, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyer, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frenot, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grant, S. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herr, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kennicutt, M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamers, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murray, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Possingham, H. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reid, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riddle, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryan, P. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanson, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaw, J. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sparrow, M.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summerhayes, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terauds, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Challenges to the Future Conservation of the Antarctic</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-07-2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1222821</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">337</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">158 - 159</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;The Antarctic Treaty System, acknowledged as a successful model of cooperative regulation of one of the globe&amp;#39;s largest commons (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;), is under substantial pressure. Concerns have been raised about increased stress on Antarctic systems from global environmental change and growing interest in the region&amp;#39;s resources (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). Although policy-makers may recognize these challenges, failure to respond in a timely way can have substantial negative consequences. We provide a horizon scan, a systematic means for identifying emerging trends and assisting decision-makers in identifying policies that address future challenges (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). Previous analyses of conservation threats in the Antarctic have been restricted to matters for which available evidence is compelling (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline-style: none; font-size: 12.8px; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);&quot;&gt;4&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 19.2px;&quot;&gt;). We reconsider these concerns because they might escalate quickly, judging from recent rapid environmental change in parts of Antarctica and increasing human interest in the region (see the map). We then focus on a more distant time horizon.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6091</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barletta, Robert E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mader, Heidy M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Warren L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roe, Christopher H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical analysis of ice vein microenvironments: II. Analysis of glacial samples from Greenland and Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Glaciology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.montana.edu/priscu/DOCS/Publications/BarlettaEtAl2012IceVein.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1109 - 1118</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">212</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noah Fierer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonathan W. Leff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uffe N. Nielsen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott T. Bates</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christian L. Lauber</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Owens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jack A. Gilbert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Gregory Caporaso</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-biome metagenomic analyses of soil microbial communities and their functional attributes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings Bational Academy of Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1215210110</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander B. Michaud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marie Šabacká</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. 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Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Composition and Biodegradation of a Synthetic Oil Spilled on the Perennial Ice Cover of Lake Fryxell, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Science &amp; Technology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2708-2713</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jill A. Mikucki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pearson, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnston, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turchyn, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farquhar, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schrag, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anbar, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Contemporary Microbially Maintained Subglacial Ferrous &quot;Ocean&quot;</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biggie</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencemag.org/content/324/5925/397.short</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">324</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">397-400</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);&quot;&gt;An active microbial assemblage cycles sulfur in a sulfate-rich, ancient marine brine beneath Taylor Glacier, an outlet glacier of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, with Fe(III) serving as the terminal electron acceptor. Isotopic measurements of sulfate, water, carbonate, and ferrous iron and functional gene analyses of adenosine 5&amp;prime;-phosphosulfate reductase imply that a microbial consortium facilitates a catalytic sulfur cycle. These metabolic pathways result from a limited organic carbon supply because of the absence of contemporary photosynthesis, yielding a subglacial ferrous brine that is anoxic but not sulfidic. Coupled biogeochemical processes below the glacier enable subglacial microbes to grow in extended isolation, demonstrating how analogous organic-starved systems, such as Neoproterozoic oceans, accumulated Fe(II) despite the presence of an active sulfur cycle.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5925</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cozzetto, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Controls on stream and hyporheic temperatures, Taylor Valley, Antarctica and large-scale climate influences on interannual flow variation in the Onyx River, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Civil Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">earth sciences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydroclimatology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic flow paths</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic zone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stream temperature</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://search.proquest.com/docview/304866366</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulder, CO</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph.D.</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">317</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys comprise the largest ice-free polar desert on the continent of Antarctica. My Ph.D. research investigated summertime glacial meltwater streams flowing through this region. This work is presented in Chapters 2 through 6 of my thesis. Chapters 2-5 present the work I have done related to hyporheic processes while Chapter 6 focuses on the hydroclimatological investigations I have carried out.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, Chapter 2 addresses the question: what are the dominant processes controlling dry valley stream temperatures? In particular, this investigation quantified the role of hyporheic exchange. The study found that in the Dry Valleys, exchange acted to decrease stream temperatures, accounting for 6&amp;ndash;21% of cooling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chapter 3 discusses a follow up tracer study to investigate whether the comparatively large daily changes in dry valley stream temperatures (6-9&amp;deg;C) affect hyporheic processes, for instance through viscosity effects. Results showed that the hyporheic zone volume and exchange coefficient were lower during the warmer, afternoon stream/streambed temperature regime than during the cooler, morning one. A temperature-induced feedback mechanism that increases subsurface flow path preferentiality is proposed as a possible explanation for the reduction in hyporheic volume under warmer conditions. The tracer results also suggested a &amp;ldquo;Swiss Cheese&amp;rdquo; type conceptual model of the hyporheic zone in which flow takes place along paths weaving their way through isolated areas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chapter 4 presents work done to elucidate individual hyporheic flow path lengths and residence times. A streambed injection revealed some long (over 100 m) paths that were also fast, having subsurface travel times on par with the surface water. Hyporheic pipeflow is proposed as an explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Chapter 5 research is presented showing that nitrate and phosphate concentrations at specific locations in the hyporheic zone increase with the decreasing connectivity of that location to the stream.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, Chapter 6 describes the large-scale climate conditions that prevailed during December and January during the highest and lowest flow summers of the Onyx River record, the longest flow record for Antarctica. Climate variables and regions in the Southern Hemisphere that had a statistically significant linear correlation to Onyx River flows were also identified. The highest flow summer on record, 2001-2, was found to have some unusual climate features when compared to the other high flow summers. It stands out as having an anomalous wind pattern that would have increased katabatic winds in the valleys, raising air temperatures and possibly depositing sediment on the glaciers, decreasing their albedo. It is also characterized by anomalously high incoming shortwave radiation. We postulate that those high levels may have been due in part to the unusually low concentrations of radiation absorbing stratospheric ozone prevalent over the valleys that particular summer.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seaver, K</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. 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Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. A. Nezat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K. Crick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeffrey K. Toxey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.A. Mastrine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. 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