<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thapa‐Magar, Khum B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph S. Levy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knightly, J. Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remote sensing for species distribution models: An illustration from a sentinel taxon of the world's driest ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial mats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">remote sensing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species distribution modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">species occurrence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ecy.70035</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">106</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e70035</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In situ observed data are commonly used as species occurrence response variables in species distribution models. However, the use of remotely observed data from high-resolution multispectral remote-sensing images as a source of presence/absence data for species distribution models remains under-developed. Here, we describe an ensemble species distribution model of black microbial mats (Nostoc spp.) using presence/absence points derived from the unmixing of 4-m resolution WorldView-2 and WorldView-3 images in the Lake Fryxell basin region of Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Environmental and topographical characteristics such as soil moisture, snow, elevation, slope, and aspect were used as predictor variables in our models. We demonstrate that we can build and run ensemble species distribution models using both dependent and independent variables derived from remote-sensing data to generate spatially explicit habitat suitability maps. Snow and soil moisture were found to be the most important variables accounting for about 80% of the variation in the distribution of black mats throughout the Fryxell basin. This study highlights the potential contribution of high-resolution remote-sensing to species distribution modeling and informs new studies incorporating remotely derived species occurrences in species distribution models, especially in remote areas where access to in situ data is often limited.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stone, Michael S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rethinking the lake history of Taylor Valley, Antarctica during the Ross Sea I glaciation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geosciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glacial Lake Washburn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross Ice Sheet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ross Sea glaciation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor Valley</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/15/1/9</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The Ross Sea I glaciation, marked by the northward advance of the Ross Ice Sheet (RIS) in the Ross Sea, east Antarctica, corresponds with the last major expansion of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet during the last glacial period. During its advance, the RIS was grounded along the southern Victoria Land coast, completely blocking the mouths of several of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs). Several authors have proposed that very large paleolakes, proglacial to the RIS, existed in many of the MDVs. Studies of these large paleolakes have been key in the interpretation of the regional landscape, climate, hydrology, and glacier and ice sheet movements. By far the most studied of these large paleolakes is Glacial Lake Washburn (GLW) in Taylor Valley. Here, we present a comprehensive review of literature related to GLW, focusing on the waters supplying the paleolake, signatures of the paleolake itself, and signatures of past glacial movements that controlled the spatial extent of GLW. We find that while a valley-wide proglacial lake likely did exist in Taylor Valley during the early stages of the Ross Sea I glaciation, during later stages two isolated lakes occupied the eastern and western sections of the valley, confined by an expansion of local alpine glaciers. Lake levels above ~140 m asl were confined to western Taylor Valley, and major lake level changes were likely driven by RIS movements, with climate variables playing a more minor role. These results may have major implications for our understanding of the MDVs and the RIS during the Ross Sea I glaciation.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Schuyler R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remotely characterizing photosynthetic biocrust in snowpack-fed microhabitats of Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science of Remote Sensing</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biocrust</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reflectance spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">snow</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil ecology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266601722400004X</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">100120</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Microbial communities are the primary drivers of carbon cycling in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Dense microbial mats, consisting mainly of photosynthetic cyanobacteria, occupy aquatic areas associated with streams and lakes. Other microbial communities also occur at lower densities as patchy surface biological soil crusts (hereafter, biocrusts) across the terrestrial landscape. Multispectral satellite data have been used to model microbial mat abundance in high-density areas like stream and lake margins, but no previous studies have investigated the lower detection limits of biocrusts. Here, we describe remote sensing and field-based survey and sampling approaches to study the detectability and distribution of biocrusts in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Using a combination of multi- and hyperspectral tools and spectral linear unmixing, we modeled the abundances of biocrust in eastern Taylor Valley. Our spectral approaches can detect low masses of biocrust material in laboratory microcosms down to biocrust concentrations of 1% by mass. These techniques also distinguish the spectra of biocrust from both surface rock and mineral signatures from orbit. We found that biocrusts are present throughout the soils of eastern Taylor Valley and are associated with diverse underlying soil communities. The densest biocrust communities identified in this study had total organic carbon 5x greater than the content of typical arid soils. The most productive biocrusts were located downslope of melting snowpacks in unique soil ecosystems that are distinct from the surrounding arid landscape. There are similarities between the snowpack and stream sediment communities (high diversity of soil invertebrates) as well as their ecosystem properties (e.g., persistence of liquid water, high transfer of available nutrients, lower salinity from flushing) compared to the typical arid terrestrial ecosystem of the dry valleys. Our approach extends the capability of orbital remote sensing of photosynthetic communities out of the aquatic margins and into the drier soils which comprise most of this landscape. This interdisciplinary work is critical for measuring and monitoring terrestrial carbon stocks and predicting future ecosystem dynamics in this currently water-limited but increasingly dynamic Antarctic landscape, which is particularly climate-sensitive and difficult to access.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adams, Byron J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doran, Peter T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilary A. Dugan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Krista F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snyder, Meredith D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Anna T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response of a terrestrial polar ecosystem to the March 2022 Antarctic weather anomaly</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Earth's Future</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atmospheric river</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate variability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extreme weather</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polar desert</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil biota</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023EF004306</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e2023EF004306</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Record high temperatures were documented in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, on 18 March 2022, exceeding average temperatures for that day by nearly 30&amp;deg;C. Satellite imagery and stream gage measurements indicate that surface wetting coincided with this warming more than 2 months after peak summer thaw and likely exceeded thresholds for rehydration and activation of resident organisms that typically survive the cold and dry conditions of the polar fall in a freeze-dried state. This weather event is notable in both the timing and magnitude of the warming and wetting when temperatures exceeded 0&amp;deg;C at a time when biological communities and streams have typically entered a persistent frozen state. Such events may be a harbinger of future climate conditions characterized by warmer temperatures and greater thaw in this region of Antarctica, which could influence the distribution, activity, and abundance of sentinel taxa. Here we describe the ecosystem responses to this weather anomaly reporting on meteorological and hydrological measurements across the region and on later biological observations from Canada Stream, one of the most diverse and productive ecosystems within the McMurdo Dry Valleys.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco, André L. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byron Adams</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melisa A. Diaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lemoine, Nathan P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dragone, Nicholas B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noah Fierer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hogg, Ian D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response of Antarctic soil fauna to climate‐driven changes since the Last Glacial Maximum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Change Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glacial retreat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nematodes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shackleton Glacier</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil invertebrates</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.15940</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Understanding how terrestrial biotic communities have responded to glacial recession since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) can inform present and future responses of biota to climate change. In Antarctica, the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) have experienced massive environmental changes associated with glacial retreat since the LGM, yet we have few clues as to how its soil invertebrate-dominated animal communities have responded. Here, we surveyed soil invertebrate fauna from above and below proposed LGM elevations along transects located at 12 features across the Shackleton Glacier region. Our transects captured gradients of surface ages possibly up to 4.5 million years and the soils have been free from human disturbance for their entire history. Our data support the hypothesis that soils exposed during the LGM are now less suitable habitats for invertebrates than those that have been exposed by deglaciation following the LGM. Our results show that faunal abundance, community composition, and diversity were all strongly affected by climate-driven changes since the LGM. Soils more recently exposed by glacial recession (as indicated by distances from present ice surfaces) had higher faunal abundances and species richness than older exposed soils. Higher abundances of the dominant nematode &lt;i&gt;Scottnema&lt;/i&gt; were found in older exposed soils, while &lt;i&gt;Eudorylaimus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Plectus&lt;/i&gt;, tardigrades, and rotifers preferentially occurred in more recently exposed soils. Approximately 30% of the soils from which invertebrates could be extracted had only &lt;i&gt;Scottnema&lt;/i&gt;, and these single-taxon communities occurred more frequently in soils exposed for longer periods of time. Our structural equation modeling of abiotic drivers highlighted soil salinity as a key mediator of &lt;i&gt;Scottnema&lt;/i&gt; responses to soil exposure age. These changes in soil habitat suitability and biotic communities since the LGM indicate that Antarctic terrestrial biodiversity throughout the TAM will be highly altered by climate warming.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chignell, Stephen M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Madeline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howkins, Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew G Fountain</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research sites get closer to field camps over time: Informing environmental management through a geospatial analysis of science in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLOS ONE</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS ONE</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0257950</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e0257950</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;As in many parts of the world, the management of environmental science research in Antarctica relies on cost-benefit analysis of negative environmental impact versus positive scientific gain. Several studies have examined the environmental impact of Antarctic field camps, but very little work looks at how the placement of these camps influences scientific research. In this study, we integrate bibliometrics, geospatial analysis, and historical research to understand the relationship between field camp placement and scientific production in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of East Antarctica. Our analysis of the scientific corpus from 1907&amp;ndash;2016 shows that, on average, research sites have become less dispersed and closer to field camps over time. Scientific output does not necessarily correspond to the number of field camps, and constructing a field camp does not always lead to a subsequent increase in research in the local area. Our results underscore the need to consider the complex historical and spatial relationships between field camps and research sites in environmental management decision-making in Antarctica and other protected areas.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalra, Isha</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Role of cyclic electron flow (CEF) and photosystem I (PSI) supercomplex formation during acclimation to long-term salinity stress in green algae: A comparative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbiology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acclimation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CEF</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extremophile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">salinity stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">supercomplex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.proquest.com/docview/2572560585</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miami University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxford, OH</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PhD</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthesis is one of the most important processes on Earth by which organisms convert solar energy into usable forms of energy. Linear electron flow (LEF) and cyclic electron flow (CEF) constitute two major pathways in photosynthesis. While LEF leads to production of both ATP and NADPH, CEF only produces ATP that helps balance the ATP:NADPH ratio required for carbon fixation. CEF also plays a major role during acclimation to several environmental stressors. However, the regulation and mechanism by which CEF operates is still not clearly understood. Recent studies have shown that formation of a protein supercomplex with PSI appears to be essential for induction of CEF in several model organisms. However, both supercomplex formation and CEF induction have been mainly studied under short-term, transitory stress conditions. In addition, the role and mechanism by which organisms may rely on CEF to survive in their natural habitat and acclimate to stress over a long period of time has not been considered. In this study we compared how three photosynthetic organisms (one model alga, &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt;; two extremophiles, &lt;i&gt;C.&lt;/i&gt; sp. UWO241 and &lt;i&gt;C.&lt;/i&gt; sp. ICE-MDV) utilize CEF to cope with their natural environment and adapt to steady-state environmental stress. To that end, the objectives of this thesis were i) to elucidate the role of CEF in long-term salinity acclimation ii) to understand the downstream changes associated with increased CEF, and iii) to identify whether PSI-supercomplexes are associated with increased CEF during salinity acclimation. We hypothesized that a stable PSI-supercomplex is required for high CEF, which in turn supports strong carbon fixation capacity for production of downstream metabolic products important for long-term acclimation to salinity stress. We showed for the first time, that increased CEF in UWO241 leads to excess ATP production and rewiring of downstream metabolism under high salinity. Next, we showed that a laboratory evolved salinity-tolerant strain of model &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; uses constitutive upregulation of CEF to deal with salinity stress, which is in-turn associated with increased non-photochemical quenching and rewired carbon metabolism. Last, we show that CEF is involved in salinity acclimation in all three &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas&lt;/i&gt; species, regardless of their salinity tolerance. We also show that PSI-supercomplexes are associated with increased CEF in these species. Characterization of high-salt supercomplex of &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; revealed that it shares many similarities with the extensively described state 2 supercomplex, and that supercomplex composition might be species dependent rather than stress dependent.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singley, Joel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gooseff, Michael N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The role of hyporheic connectivity in determining nitrogen availability: Insights from an intermittent Antarctic stream</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Geophys Res Biogeosci</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">autochthonous nitrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyporheic zone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrogen cycling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">streamflow</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2021JG006309</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Due to widespread manipulation of nitrogen (N), much research has focused on processes controlling the fate of anthropogenic N in streams. Yet, in a variety of oligotrophic systems, N fixed by periphyton is a significant driver of ecosystem metabolism. Due to difficulties partitioning allochthonous and autochthonous sources, there is limited information regarding how the latter is processed. Autochthonous N may be particularly important in alpine, arid, or polar environments. We test the hypothesis that the availability of remineralized autochthonous N is controlled by connectivity between the hyporheic zone and main channel due to the contrasting biogeochemical functions of benthic autotrophs (including N‐fixing &lt;em&gt;Nostoc&lt;/em&gt;) and hyporheic heterotrophs in an intermittent Antarctic stream. There, we collected surface water and hyporheic water concurrently at 4‐6 hour intervals over a 32.5‐hr period during one flow season and opportunistically throughout a second. Hyporheic water had 7 to 30 times greater nitrate‐N concentrations relative to surface water across all flow conditions. In contrast, ammonium concentrations were generally lower, although similar among locations. Additionally, nitrate in hyporheic water was positively correlated with silica, an indicator of hyporheic residence time. A laboratory assay confirmed prior inferences that hyporheic microbial communities possess the functional potential to perform nitrification. Together, these findings suggest that remineralized autochthonous N accumulates in the hyporheic zone even as streamflow varies and likely subsidizes stream N availability&amp;mdash;which supports prior inferences from N stable isotope data at this site. These results highlight the importance of hyporheic connectivity in controlling autochthonous N cycling and availability in streams.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore, Mark R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Schuyler R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eric R. Sokol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee F. Stanish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Sarah N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morin, Paul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remote characterization of photosynthetic communities in the Fryxell basin of Taylor Valley, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydrology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">remote sensing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antarctic-science/article/remote-characterization-of-photosynthetic-communities-in-the-fryxell-basin-of-taylor-valley-antarctica/8576F6BB1BCFDCA8409F5EA96CA00C6F</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We investigate the spatial distribution, spectral properties and temporal variability of primary producers (e.g. communities of microbial mats and mosses) throughout the Fryxell basin of Taylor Valley, Antarctica, using high-resolution multispectral remote-sensing data. Our results suggest that photosynthetic communities can be readily detected throughout the Fryxell basin based on their unique near-infrared spectral signatures. Observed intra- and inter-annual variability in spectral signatures are consistent with short-term variations in mat distribution, hydration and photosynthetic activity. Spectral unmixing is also implemented in order to estimate mat abundance, with the most densely vegetated regions observed from orbit correlating spatially with some of the most productive regions of the Fryxell basin. Our work establishes remote sensing as a valuable tool in the study of these ecological communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys and demonstrates how future scientific investigations and the management of specially protected areas could benefit from these tools and techniques.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwell, Shasten S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response of microbial communities to climatic disturbances in Lake Bonney, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMurdo Dry Valleys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phytoplankton</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1595958688364877</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miami University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxford, OH</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The McMurdo Dry Valleys is a polar desert ecosystem which composes the largest ice-free area in Antarctica, with the exception of perennially ice-covered lakes and ponds. The lakes in the valleys are the only landscape unit that support metabolic activity year-round. Recent increases in air temperature and solar radiation have led to a chain of disturbances altering the environmental conditions of these lakes. In this study, we test the impact of climatic disturbances on microbial communities in Lake Bonney, one of the lakes in the MDV. Through an integrated approach of combining field studies on natural communities in the lake (in situ) and laboratory experiments on algal isolates (ex situ), this study will attempt to understand how phytoplankton, eukaryal and bacterial communities respond to simulated disturbances. Results from the in situ experiments showed that the moat is a unique and stressful environment for under-ice communities and that under-ice shallow communities are highly sensitive to climatic disturbances. The ex situ experiments showed that certain phytoplankton species, like the chlorophytes, are more resistant to environmental alterations and thus will outcompete other phytoplankton species.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antonello, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howkins, Adrian</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The rise of technocratic environmentalism: the United States, Antarctica, and the globalisation of the environmental impact statement</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Historical Geography</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental impact statements</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental protection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S030574882030027X</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Environmental impact statements (EISs), and the related environmental impact assessments (EIAs) which precede them, have become central elements of environmental management, governance, and policy worldwide since their introduction in the United States in 1970. Assessing environmental impact has a particular force and centrality within modern Antarctic environmental management and governance too. This article investigates the ways in which the United States used EISs and EIAs in Antarctica between 1970 and 1982 &amp;ndash; during their first decade of existence in US law and during a geopolitically and scientifically vibrant decade in Antarctic affairs &amp;ndash; as a way of illuminating the broader conceptual and historical aspects of this central, though understudied, environmental governance tool and framework. We historicise and draw attention to the EIS &amp;ndash; individually, as a regulatory genre, and as a genre that articulates regional, global and planetary environments &amp;ndash; as highly influential and powerful documents demanding attention from environmental historians and historical geographers. We argue that the prominence of EISs in Antarctica arose because they appealed to top-down, process-oriented approaches favoured in Antarctic governance &amp;ndash; a technocratic environmentalism &amp;ndash; and because of their spatial elements, particularly their tendency to upscaling.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maciek K. Obryk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Friedlaender, Ari S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachael M. Morgan-Kiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John C. Priscu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schofield, Oscar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharon E. Stammerjohn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinberg, Deborah K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hugh W. Ducklow</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Responses of Antarctic Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems to Changing Ice Conditions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioScience</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioScience</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-10-2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/biosci/biw109https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/66/10/864/2415532/Responses-of-Antarctic-Marine-and-Freshwater</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">864 - 879</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warrier, Rohit B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clara M. Castro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chris M. Hall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenig, Fabien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reconstructing the evolution of Lake Bonney, Antarctica using dissolved noble gases</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Geochemistry</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Geochemistry</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-07-2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S088329271500044Xhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S088329271500044X?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S088329271500044X?httpAccept=text/plain</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46 - 61</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p id=&quot;sp0010&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 16px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 9px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; word-spacing: -0.15ex; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); line-height: 23.6800003051758px;&quot;&gt;Lake Bonney (LB), located in Taylor valley, Antarctica, is a perennially ice-covered lake with two lobes, West Lake Bonney (WLB) and East Lake Bonney (ELB), which are separated by a narrow ridge. Numerous studies have attempted to reconstruct the evolution of LB because of its sensitivity to climatic variations and the lack of reliable millennial-scale continental records of climate in this region of Antarctica. However, these studies are limited by the availability of accurate lacustrine chronologies. Here, we attempt to better constrain the chronology of LB and thus, the evolution of past regional climate by estimating water residence times based on He, Ne and Ar concentrations and isotopic ratios in both WLB and ELB.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;sp0015&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 16px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 9px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Segoe UI Symbol', STIXGeneral, 'Cambria Math', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif; word-spacing: -0.15ex; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); line-height: 23.6800003051758px;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;He and&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;He excesses up to two and three orders of magnitude and 35&amp;ndash;150 times the atmospheric values are observed for WLB and ELB samples, respectively. In comparison, while measured&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;Ar/&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;36&lt;/sup&gt;Ar ratios are atmospheric (&amp;sim;295.5) in ELB, WLB samples display&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;Ar/&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;36&lt;/sup&gt;Ar ratios of up to &amp;sim;315 reflecting addition of radiogenic&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;Ar. Both&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;He and&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;Ar excesses clearly identify the addition of subglacial discharge (SGD) from underneath Taylor Glacier into WLB at depths of 25&amp;nbsp;m and 35&amp;nbsp;m. He isotopic ratios suggest that He excesses are predominantly crustal (&amp;gt;93%) in origin with small mantle contributions (&amp;lt;7%). These crustal&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;He and&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;Ar excesses are used together with basement rock production rates of these isotopes to derive first-order approximations of water residence times for both lobes. Numerous factors capable of affecting water residence times are evaluated and corrected&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;He and&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;Ar water ages are used to place further constrains into the reconstruction of both WLB and ELB history. Combined&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;He and&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;Ar ages in WLB suggest maximum water residence times of &amp;sim;250&amp;nbsp;kyrs BP. These results support the presence of remnant water from proglacial lakes that existed during Marine Isotope Stage 7 (160&amp;ndash;240&amp;nbsp;kyrs) in WLB, in agreement with previous studies. In comparison,&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;He ages in ELB are much younger (&amp;lt;27&amp;nbsp;kyrs BP) and display a complex evolutionary history that is very different from WLB.&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 0.75em; line-height: 0;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;He ages also suggest that the ELB ice cover formed significantly earlier (&amp;sim;1.5&amp;nbsp;kyrs BP) than previously reported. The timing of these hydrologic changes in ELB appears to correspond to regional and global climatic events that are recorded in both the Taylor Dome ice-core record as well as in other Dry Valley Lakes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyler J. Kohler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethan Chatfield</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. Gooseff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John E. Barrett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recovery of Antarctic stream epilithon from simulated scouring events</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-08-2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0954102015000024</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">341 - 354</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Microbial mats are common in polar streams and often dominate benthic biomass. Climate change may be enhancing the variability of stream flows in the Antarctic, but so far studies investigating mat responses to disturbance have been limited in this region. Mat regrowth was evaluated following disturbance by experimentally scouring rocks from an ephemeral McMurdo Dry Valley stream over two summers (2001&amp;ndash;02 and 2012&amp;ndash;13). Mats were sampled at the beginning and resampled at the end of the flow season. In 2012&amp;ndash;13, mats were additionally resampled mid-season along with previously undisturbed controls. In 2001&amp;ndash;02 rocks regained 47% of chlorophyll&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;and 40% of ash-free dry mass by the end of the summer, while in 2012&amp;ndash;13 rocks regrew 18% and 27%, respectively. Mat stoichiometry differed between summers, and reflected differences in biomass and discharge.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Oscillatoria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. were greatest on scoured rocks and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Phormidium&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. on undisturbed rocks. Small diatoms&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Humidophila&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(98, 98, 98); line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;Fistulifera&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(98, 98, 98); font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. increased throughout the summer in all mats, with the latter more abundant in scoured communities. Collectively, these data suggest that mats are variable intra-annually, responsive to hydrology and require multiple summers to regrow initial biomass once lost. These results will aid the interpretation of long-term data, as well as inform Antarctic Specially Managed Area protocols.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kennicutt, M.C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steven L. Chown</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cassano, J.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liggett, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lloyd S. Peck</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massom, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rintoul, S.R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storey, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaughan, D.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, T.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allison, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayton, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badhe, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baeseman, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, P.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elanor R. Bell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertler, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bo, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brandt, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David Bromwich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig S Cary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark, M.S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Convey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, E.S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deconto, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunbar, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elfring, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escutia, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francis, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fricker, H.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fukuchi, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilbert, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gutt, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Havermans, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hik, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hosie, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Y.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Le Maho, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, S.H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leppe, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leitchenkov, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, X.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipenkov, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lochte, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López-Martínez, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">üdecke, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marenssi, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morozova, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naish, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayak, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravindra, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retamales, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricci, C.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rogan-Finnemore, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ropert-Coudert, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samah, A.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanson, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scambos, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I.R. Schloss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shiraishi, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siegert, M.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simões, J.C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Storey, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sparrow, M.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana H. Wall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walsh, J.C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winther, J.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J.C. Xavier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutherland, W.J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A roadmap for Antarctic and Southern Ocean science for the next two decades and beyond</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctic Science</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-02-2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0954102014000674</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3 - 18</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Antarctic and Southern Ocean science is vital to understanding natural variability, the processes that govern global change and the role of humans in the Earth and climate system. The potential for new knowledge to be gained from future Antarctic science is substantial. Therefore, the international Antarctic community came together to &amp;lsquo;scan the horizon&amp;rsquo; to identify the highest priority scientific questions that researchers should aspire to answer in the next two decades and beyond. Wide consultation was a fundamental principle for the development of a collective, international view of the most important future directions in Antarctic science. From the many possibilities, the horizon scan identified 80 key scientific questions through structured debate, discussion, revision and voting. Questions were clustered into seven topics: i) Antarctic atmosphere and global connections, ii) Southern Ocean and sea ice in a warming world, iii) ice sheet and sea level, iv) the dynamic Earth, v) life on the precipice, vi) near-Earth space and beyond, and vii) human presence in Antarctica. Answering the questions identified by the horizon scan will require innovative experimental designs, novel applications of technology, invention of next-generation field and laboratory approaches, and expanded observing systems and networks. Unbiased, non-contaminating procedures will be required to retrieve the requisite air, biota, sediment, rock, ice and water samples. Sustained year-round access to Antarctica and the Southern Ocean will be essential to increase winter-time measurements. Improved models are needed that represent Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the Earth System, and provide predictions at spatial and temporal resolutions useful for decision making. A co-ordinated portfolio of cross-disciplinary science, based on new models of international collaboration, will be essential as no scientist, programme or nation can realize these aspirations alone&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenig, Fabien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lawson Knoepfle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jill A. Mikucki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radiocarbon abundance and reservoir effects in lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnology and Oceanography</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">811-826</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">811</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saurey, Sabrina D.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aanderud, Zachary T.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resource Legacies and Priming Regulate Microbial Communities in Antarctica's Dry Valleys</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">454 pyrosequencing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antarctica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microbial ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stable isotope probing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">target metagenomics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://hdl.lib.byu.edu/1877/etd6229</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brigham Young University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Provo, UT</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.S.</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Multiple mechanisms control bacterial community structure but two in particular, the &amp;quot;legacy&amp;quot; of past environmental conditions, and the &amp;quot;priming&amp;quot; of bacteria to respond to seasonal or reoccurring fluctuations in resources, have the potential to determine both bacterial communities, as well as, temporal shifts in active bacterial taxa. To begin to evaluate the legacy effects of resources on microbial communities, we added four limiting resources annually (i.e., water only; C-mannitol + water; N-NH4NO3 + water; and C, N + water) and measured shifts in bacterial community composition after seven years in a cold desert ecosystem in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Further, to investigate the ecological significance of priming, we conducted a series of stable isotope probing experiments (i.e., 18O-DNA SIP with 18O-labeled water, 13C-DNA SIP with 13C-labeled mannitol, 15N-DNA with 15N- NH4NO3, and a combined C and N SIP) and characterized the responding (i.e., isotopically labeled) and seed bank (i.e., unlabeled) bacterial communities. We performed each of the SIPs in soil microcosms corresponding to a single resource manipulation (e.g., 13C-labeled mannitol in C addition soils). We hypothesized that all long-term additions of nutrients and water will lead to a distinct bacterial community&amp;mdash;a legacy effect due to the nutrient and water impoverished state of Antarctica soils. We also hypothesized that the stronger the legacy effects demonstrated by a specific community the more adapted or primed bacterial species will be to take advantage of the resource and respond. As hypothesized, resource additions created distinct bacterial legacy but to different degrees among the treatments. The extent of the resource legacy effects was greatest in the CN, intermediate in water and N, and lowest in C communities relative to the control communities, suggesting that C induced changes in communities were intensified by tandem N additions and that water alone created a more distinct legacy than water and C additions combined. Contrary to our hypothesis, the stronger the legacy effects, the less adapted or primed the community was to take advantage of resource additions. For example, the CN treatment that induced the greatest effect on bacterial communities had the lowest number of species (20.9%) in common between the responding and seed bank communities. This inverse relationship may be due to only two species (i.e., Arthrobacter, Actinobacteria and Massilia, Betaproteobacteria) really being primed to take advantage of CN and these species constituting over 75% of the seed bank community. Water, N, and C additions had similar levels of priming with 38.4%, 41.4%, and 36.3% of the responding species being present in the seed bank community, respectively. But of these three treatments, only the priming with water resulted in a unique responding community, suggesting that water, a universal bacterial resource, was enough to prime bacteria. Furthermore, water generates the most diverse responding community of all the resources with stemming from all of the fourteen dominant phyla. We did find patterns of ecological coherence among the responders, especially in the major responders (i.e., responders that increased in relative recovery by at least ten-fold). These responders were predominantly found in only three phyla (i.e., Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, and Gammaproteobacteria) regardless of resource addition. Alternatively minor responders (i.e., responders that increased in relative recovery at least two-fold) were contained in fourteen different phyla with specific taxa stimulated by CN (i.e., Betaproteobacteria) and N and water (i.e., Deltaproteobacteria). Further, resource additions elicited responses from 37% of bacterial species with species specializing on a specific resource (e.g., Chloroflexi) or being a generalist (e.g., Planctomycetes and Gammaproteobacteria). Our results offer the first direct links between legacy and priming effects on bacterial community composition and demonstrate that these mechanisms are not always complimentary leading to the formation of similar communities but may both be essential to maintain the high levels of bacterial diversity. Further, all resources produced elicited responders that were either specialists of generalists demonstrating that even bacteria in the extreme environment of Antarctica respond to pulses of resources.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">masters</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cullis, James D.S.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Removal of benthic algae in swift-flowing streams: The significance of spatial and temporal variation in shear stress and bed disturbance</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://search.proquest.com/docview/916604693?accountid=14503</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulder, CO</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph.D.</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">263</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div title=&quot;Page 4&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this thesis I investigate the role of spatial and temporal dynamics of flow, bed shear stress, and bed disturbance on the removal of benthic algal and the consequences for our understanding of the dynamics of stream ecosystems and the transport of organic matter in fluvial systems. I use data obtained from two specific case studies where benthic algal mats are key components in the overall system dynamics. The first case study investigates spatial and temporal variations in particular organic matter transport derived from the removal of benthic algae in a stream in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. The second case study uses a combination of field observations and analysis, one and two dimensional hydraulic modeling, and laboratory flume studies to investigate the controls on the removal of the stalk forming diatom&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Didymosphenia geminata&lt;/em&gt;. The results show that benthic algae growing in swift-flowing streams are well adapted to this environment. Hence the removal of organic material due to elevated shear stress alone is limited and effective control of nuisance blooms of benthic algae such as&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;D. geminata&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;requires flood events sufficiently high enough to results in wide spread disturbance of the stream substrate. These flow requirements are similar to the requirements for channel maintenance flows and could therefore be considered for inclusion in the operating rules for dams in order to maintain the diversity of stream ecosystems and functioning water supply infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doctoral</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. 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Zimmerman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reply to Comments on “Examining the Scientific Consensus on Climate Change”</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">90</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">233</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dermot Antoniades</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catherine Crawley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglas, Marianne S. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pienitz, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dale T. Andersen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter T. Doran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Hawes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollard, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warwick F. Vincent</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reply to comment by K. Gajewski on “Abrupt environmental change in Canada's northernmost lake”</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geophysical Research Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2008/2007GL032889.shtml</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diane M. McKnight</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cathy M. Tate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edmund D. Andrews</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dev K. Niyogi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cozzetto, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathleen A. Welch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Berry Lyons</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. G. Capone</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactivation of a cryptobiotic stream ecosystem in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: A long-term geomorphological experiment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geomorphology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2007</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">186-204</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael N. 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