John C. Priscu 2015-04-01 tabular digitial data McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER 10.6073/pasta/884656569c951dceeccb916547b4b61b https://mcm.lternet.edu/content/bacterial-enumeration An important part of the McMurdo Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project is monitoring spatial and temporal patterns, and processes that control bacterial production in perennial ice covered lakes. This data set quantifies bacteria concentrations at specific depths in Dry Valley lakes. If cells ml-1 equals less than zero because of the number of cells in the blank, the value is reported as zero. 2004-11-09 2008-03-25 ground condition This data table was originally created by the data manager (Chris Gardner) in October of 2007. The table was originally populated with data from the 04-05, 05-06, and 06-07 seasons that was obtained by John Priscu's technician (Amy Chiuchiolo). As needed Lake Bonney is a saline lake with permanent ice cover at the western end of Taylor Valley in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Victoria Land, Antarctica. It is 7 kilometres or 4.3 mi long and up to 900 metres or 3,000 ft wide. A narrow channel only 50 metres or 160 ft wide. Lake Bonney at Narrows separates the lake into East Lake Bonney 3.32 square kilometres or 1.28 sq mi and West Lake Bonney, 0.99 square kilometres or 0.38 sq mi. The west lobe is flanked by Taylor glacier. Valley: Taylor Distance to Sea : 25 Maximum Length (km): 4.8 Maximum Width (km): 0.9 Maximum Depth (m): 37 Surface Area (km^2): 3.32 Ice Thickness Average Surface (m): 3 - 4.5 Volume (m^3 * 10^6): 54.7 162.536209106445 162.353210449219 -77.697700500488 -77.724441528320 57m 57m meter Lake Bonney is a saline lake with permanent ice cover at the western end of Taylor Valley in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Victoria Land, Antarctica. It is 7 kilometres or 4.3 mi long and up to 900 metres or 3,000 ft wide. A narrow channel only 50 metres or 160 ft wide. Lake Bonney at Narrows separates the lake into East Lake Bonney 3.32 square kilometres or 1.28 sq mi and West Lake Bonney, 0.99 square kilometres or 0.38 sq mi. Valley: Taylor Distance to Sea : 28 Maximum Length (km): 2.6 Maximum Width (km): 0.9 Maximum Depth (m): 40 Surface Area (km^2): 0.99 Ice Thickness Average Surface (m): 2.8-4.5 Volume (m^3 * 10^6): 10.1 162.354934692383 162.269104003906 -77.714805603027 -77.727287292480 57m 57m meter Lake Hoare occupies a narrower portion of the Taylor Valley, dammed by the Canada Glacier. It would drain almost completely without this dam. There are a number of islands which may be related to an old terminal of Canada Glacier. The lake is fed primarily from direct runoff from the glacier, as well as meltwater streams. (Lake level rose ~1.5 m between 1972 and 1996). There are no surface outflows; the only known water loss is through ice ablation (evaporation, sublimation and physical scouring). Valley: Taylor Distance to Sea : 15 Maximum Length (km): 4.2 Maximum Width (km): 1 Maximum Depth (m): 34 Surface Area (km^2): 1.94 Ice Thickness Average Surface (m): 3.1 - 5.5 Volume (m^3 * 10^6): 17.5 162.935836791992 162.784423828125 -77.623085021973 -77.639259338379 73m 73m meter The Lake Fryxell basin is formed by a moraine depression in a wider portion of the Taylor Valley. It has a number of moraine islands and shallower areas, as well as several relatively well developed deltas. The lake is fed by at least 10 meltwater streams with a total drainage catchment of 230 km2. The lake is dammed to the southwest by the Canada Glacier and is topographically closed. It is perennially ice covered; during summer months, an ice-free moat generally forms around much of the lake margin. Lake levels have risen ~2 m between 1971 and 1996. There are no surface outflows; the only known water loss is through ice ablation (evaporation, sublimation and physical scouring). Valley: Taylor Distance to Sea : 9 Maximum Length (km): 5.8 Maximum Width (km): 2.1 Maximum Depth (m): 20 Surface Area (km^2): 7.08 Ice Thickness Average Surface (m): 3.3 - 4.5 Volume (m^3 * 10^6): 25.2 163.259582519531 163.048782348633 -77.597076416016 -77.622711181641 18m 18m meter Lake Vanda is located in the Wright Valley, adjacent to the Taylor Valley. It is fed primarily by the Onyx River, which has its origin at Lake Brownworth, and ultimately at the Lower Wright Glacier located ~27 km east of the lake. The lake has no outflow. Valley: Wright Distance to Sea : 47 Maximum Length (km): 8 Maximum Width (km): 2 Maximum Depth (m): 75 Surface Area (km^2): 5.2 Ice Thickness Average Surface (m): 2.8 - 4.2 Volume (m^3 * 10^6): 160 161.691970825195 161.391906738281 -77.518882751465 -77.542304992676 143m 143m meter [term:vocabulary] None <cntorg>McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER</cntorg> <onlink>http://mcmlter.org/</onlink> <span property="dc:title" content="McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> Name: Amy Chiuchiolo Role: field crew Name: Kathleen A. Welch Role: lab crew Name: Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach Role: lab crew Name: Inigo San Gil Role: data manager Not Applicable Not Applicable Field and/or Lab Methods Lake water samples are collected at specific depths with a five-liter Niskin bottle during normal LTER limnological sampling. Sub-samples for bacteria enumeration are decanted into a 1 L amber Nalgene bottle. 18 mL bacteria samples are pipetted from the amber Nalgene bottle into new 20 ml glass scintillation vials for each depth. Bacteria samples are preserved by adding 0.5 ml of buffered to saturation (with sodium borate) formalin (0.2 m filtered) to each sample. Samples are stored at 4 degrees C until preparation for counting. Bacteria samples are counted upon return to Montana State University. A 0.45 micrometer 25 mm diameter membrane filter is placed on a glass fritted filter apparatus base and covered with a 0.2 micrometer 25 mm diameter black polycarbonate filter. An appropriate volume of sample (1.5-6 ml depending on the concentration of cells in each sample) is added to a cleaned filter tower (scrubbed with Alconox, soaked in 10% HCL, rinsed in DIW, rinsed with 95% ETOH). An appropriate volume (0.5 ml SYBR/3 ml sample) of 0.2 µm filtered 25X SYBR Gold solution (10,000X concentrate SYBR Gold Nucleic Acid Gel Stain in 1X TBE buffer) is added to the sample and allowed to incubate in the dark for 15 minutes. The sample is filtered under low vacuum (0.3 atm; 5 in Hg), and the tower rinsed with 1 ml of 0.2 micrometer filtered DI water when a thin layer of sample remains. The filter is placed on a glass microscope slide containing 1 drop of Antifade solution (0.1% p-phenylenediamine in a 1:1 (weight:volume) solution of phosphate-buffered saline and glycerol). 1 drop of Antifade solution is placed on top of the filter before placing a cover slip on the filter. A sample blank is prepared by following the above procedure with .2 micrometer filtered DI water. Cells are counted on a Nikon Optiphot epifluorescent microscope equipped with a DM510 filter cube (Nikon) at a final magnification of 1,000X. The total number of cocci, rods and filaments (defined as bacteria greater than 5 micrometer in length) are counted in at least 10 different fields of view until at least 300 cells are counted yielding a less than 15% counting error. At least 1 digital image is taken at each depth using the Optronics Microfire digital camera system for archiving purposes. cells/mL = ( (S-B) / volume ) * (filter area/field area) where S is the average number of cells per field in the sample, B is the average number of cells per field in the blank, filter area is the area (micrometer square) of the filter containing bacterial cells, field area is the area for each field counted (micrometer square), and vol is ml of sample filtered. Lake water samples are collected at specific depths with a five-liter Niskin bottle during normal LTER limnological sampling. Sub-samples for bacteria enumeration are decanted into a 1 L amber Nalgene bottle. 18 mL bacteria samples are pipetted from the amber Nalgene bottle into new 20 ml glass scintillation vials for each depth. Bacteria samples are preserved by adding 0.5 ml of buffered to saturation (with sodium borate) formalin (0.2 m filtered) to each sample. Samples are stored at 4 degrees C until preparation for counting. Bacteria samples are counted upon return to Montana State University. A 0.45 micrometer 25 mm diameter membrane filter is placed on a glass fritted filter apparatus base and covered with a 0.2 micrometer 25 mm diameter black polycarbonate filter. An appropriate volume of sample (1.5-6 ml depending on the concentration of cells in each sample) is added to a cleaned filter tower (scrubbed with Alconox, soaked in 10% HCL, rinsed in DIW, rinsed with 95% ETOH). An appropriate volume (0.5 ml SYBR/3 ml sample) of 0.2 µm filtered 25X SYBR Gold solution (10,000X concentrate SYBR Gold Nucleic Acid Gel Stain in 1X TBE buffer) is added to the sample and allowed to incubate in the dark for 15 minutes. The sample is filtered under low vacuum (0.3 atm; 5 in Hg), and the tower rinsed with 1 ml of 0.2 micrometer filtered DI water when a thin layer of sample remains. The filter is placed on a glass microscope slide containing 1 drop of Antifade solution (0.1% p-phenylenediamine in a 1:1 (weight:volume) solution of phosphate-buffered saline and glycerol). 1 drop of Antifade solution is placed on top of the filter before placing a cover slip on the filter. A sample blank is prepared by following the above procedure with .2 micrometer filtered DI water. Cells are counted on a Nikon Optiphot epifluorescent microscope equipped with a DM510 filter cube (Nikon) at a final magnification of 1,000X. The total number of cocci, rods and filaments (defined as bacteria greater than 5 micrometer in length) are counted in at least 10 different fields of view until at least 300 cells are counted yielding a less than 15% counting error. At least 1 digital image is taken at each depth using the Optronics Microfire digital camera system for archiving purposes. cells/mL = ( (S-B) / volume ) * (filter area/field area) where S is the average number of cells per field in the sample, B is the average number of cells per field in the blank, filter area is the area (micrometer square) of the filter containing bacterial cells, field area is the area for each field counted (micrometer square), and vol is ml of sample filtered. unknown LIMNO_BACT_ENUM BACT_ENUM data spreadsheet units and Column Descriptions Dataset code Code representing the data table, the Bacterial Enumeration table. The data provider Code representing the data table, the Bacterial Enumeration table. Limno Run Code for lake's sampling location and date The data provider Code for lake's sampling location and date Location Name Name of lake where measurement was made The data provider Name of lake where measurement was made LOCATION CODE Location in the lake where measurement was made The data provider Location in the lake where measurement was made Date_time Date sample was collected The data provider calendar date/time mm/dd/yyyy gregorian calendar COUNT_DATE Date on which sample was analyzed The data provider calendar date/time MM/DD/YYYY gregorian calendar Depth (m) Distance below piezometric water level from which sample was drawn The data provider 1 100 meter 1 TOTAL_BACT (cells/ml) Total Bacteria count in cells/mL The data provider cells/ml COCCOID (cells/ml) Coccoid Bacteria count in cells/mL The data provider cells/ml ROD (cells/ml) Rod Bacteria count in cells/mL The data provider cells/mL FILAMENTOUS >5 um(cells/ml) Filament Bacteria count in cells/mL The data provider cells/mL BACT COMMENTS Helpful hints about the sample The data provider Helpful hints about the sample FILE NAME Name of file in which data was submitted The data provider Name of file in which data was submitted DEPTH MASL Depth referred to the Sea level. Distance below Mean Average Sea water level reference from which sample was drawn The data provider meter 1 DYE Name of the dye used during the counts< The data provider Name of the dye used during the counts< NON-FILAMENTOUS <5 um cell/ml Filament Bacteria count in cells/mL The data provider cells/ml McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER The data distributor shall not be liable for innacuracies in the content http 1 0 \n 28 column , https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/LIMNO_BACT_ENUM.csv None 2015-04-01 2015-04-01 McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER http://mcmlter.org/ Biological Data Profile of the Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata devised by the Federal Geographic Data Committee. Drupal Ecological information Management Systems, version D7, Biological Data Profile module