EH English utf8 dataset McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER Information Manager im@mcmlter.org pointOfContact 2019-08-29 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - North American Profile Metadata - Data with Biological Extensions ISO 19115-2:2009(E) A digital archive of human activity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica from 1902 to present 2019-08-29 publication Adrian Howkins University of Bristol 13-15 Woodland Road Bristol BS8 1TH GB adrian.howkins@bristol.ac.uk pointOfContact Stephen Chignell University of British Columbia https://www.ubc.ca/ steve.chignell@ubc.ca pointOfContact Poppie Gullett Colorado State University http://www.colostate.edu Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 US pgullett@rams.colostate.edu pointOfContact Andrew Fountain Portland State University http://www.pdx.edu (503) 725-3386 P.O. Box 751 Portland OR 97207 US andrew@pdx.edu http://glaciers.pdx.edu/fountain/ pointOfContact Melissa Brett Portland State University http://www.pdx.edu melissalunabrett@gmail.com pointOfContact Evelin Preciado Colorado State University http://www.colostate.edu evelin_utl@yahoo.com pointOfContact documentDigital Over the last half century, the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of East Antarctica have become a globally important site for scientific research and environmental monitoring. Historical data can make important contributions to current research activities and environmental management in Antarctica, but tend to be widely scattered and difficult to access. We address this need in the MDV by compiling over 5,000 historical photographs, sketches, maps, oral interviews, publications, and other archival resources into an online digital archive. The data have been digitized and georeferenced using a standardized metadata structure, which enables intuitive searches and data discovery via an online interface. The ultimate aim of the archive is to create as comprehensive as possible a record of human activity in the MDV to support ongoing research, management, and conservation efforts. This is a valuable tool for scientists seeking to understand the dynamics of change in lakes, glaciers, and other physical systems, as well as humanistic inquire into the history of the Southern continent. In addition to providing benchmarks for understanding change over time, the data can help target field sampling for studies working under the assumption of a pristine landscape by enabling researchers to identify the date and extent of past human activities. The full database is accessible via the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research site: http://mcmurdohistory.lternet.edu/. completed McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER Information Manager im@mcmlter.org pointOfContact disturbance theme LTER Core Areas English ground condition 1902-01-01 2016-06-28 https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_ARCHIVALDATA_7.csv EH_ARCHIVALDATA eng; US McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER EH_ARCHIVALDATA Data Source Definition : EH - Archival Data Number of Header Lines : 1 Orientation : Column Quote Character : "Field Delimiter : , false DATASET_CODE Internal code. IDENTIFIER Internal code. TITLE Name given to resource. CONTENT Text of document. CONTENT_URL Link to content on MCM Environmental History website. CREATOR Primary author. CREATOR_OTHER Other authors (in order). SUBJECT_PLACE Primary place described by resource. COVERAGE_LAT Latitude (Y coordinate). COVERAGE_LON Longitude (X coordinate). SUBJECT_ASSOCIATED_PLACES Other places described by resource. SUBJECT_PEOPLE People mentioned in the document. SUBJECT_ACADEMIC_FIELD Most relevant academic field(s). SUBJECT_OTHER Miscellaneous tags/keywords (e.g. IGY). SUBJECT_SEASON Season of creation and season(s) mentioned in text (if reasonable). DATE_SEASON Season of creation. DATE_SEASON_YYYY Year of creation. Date Time Format: YYYY DATE_EXACT Date of creation. Date Time Format: DD/MM/YYYY DATE_DIGITAL Date digitized. DESCRIPTION Additional notes. FORMAT File format (PDF or PNG or JPG). DIGITIZATION_SPECIFICATIONS N/A CONTRIBUTOR Person(s) who went to the archive. TYPE Environmental history resource type (i.e., Archival Data). COUNTRY Countries related to the resource. LANGUAGE Language(s) related to the resource. RELATION Identifier number(s) of related resource(s). SOURCE Archival reference (e.g. box 39). PUBLISHER Name of archive. BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CITATION Full bibliographic citation (Chicago style). RIGHTS Copyright (copyright holder). Also note any special requirements. DBF https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_ARCHIVALDATA_7.csv https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_BIBLIOGRAPHY_0.csv EH_BIBLIOGRAPHY eng; US McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER EH_BIBLIOGRAPHY Data Source Definition : EH - Bibliography Number of Header Lines : 1 Orientation : Column Quote Character : "Field Delimiter : , false DATASET_CODE Internal code. IDENTIFIER Internal code. TITLE Name given to resource. CONTENT Text of article. CONTENT_URL Link to content on MCM Environmental History website. CREATOR Primary author. CREATOR_OTHER Other authors (in order). SUBJECT_PLACE Primary place described by resource. COVERAGE_LAT Latitude (Y coordinate). COVERAGE_LON Longitude (X coordinate). SUBJECT_ASSOCIATED_PLACES Other places described by resource. SUBJECT_PEOPLE People mentioned in the text (if reasonable). SUBJECT_ACADEMIC_FIELD Most relevant academic field(s). SUBJECT_OTHER Miscellaneous tags/keywords (e.g., IGY). SUBJECT_SEASON Season of creation and season(s) mentioned text (if reasonable). DATE_SEASON Season of creation. DATE_SEASON_YYYY Year of creation. Date Time Format: YYYY DATE_EXACT Date of creation. Date Time Format: DD/MM/YYYY DATE_DIGITAL Date digitized. DESCRIPTION Abstract of publication or additional notes. FORMAT File format (PDF). DIGITIZATION_SPECIFICATIONS N/A CONTRIBUTOR Digitizer (if applicable). TYPE Environmental history resource type (i.e., Bibliography). COUNTRY Countries related to the resource. LANGUAGE Languages(s) related to the resource. RELATION Identifier number(s) of related resource(s). SOURCE Volume PUBLISHER Name of publication/publisher. PUBLISHER_LOCATION Location of publication/publisher. BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CITATION Full bibliographic citation (Chicago style). RIGHTS Copyright (copyright holder). Also note any special requirements. DBF https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_BIBLIOGRAPHY_0.csv https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_INTERVIEWS_0.csv EH_INTERVIEWS eng; US McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER EH_INTERVIEWS Data Source Definition : EH - Interviews Number of Header Lines : 1 Orientation : Column Quote Character : "Field Delimiter : , false DATASET_CODE Internal code. IDENTIFIER Internal code. TITLE Name given to resource. CONTENT Text of transcript. CONTENT_URL Link to content on MCM Environmental History website. CREATOR Interviewee. CREATOR_OTHER N/A SUBJECT_PLACE Primary place described by resource. COVERAGE_LAT Latitude (Y coordinate). COVERAGE_LON Longitude (X coordinate). SUBJECT_ASSOCIATED_PLACES Other places described by resource. SUBJECT_PEOPLE People mentioned in the text (if reasonable), including interviewee. SUBJECT_ACADEMIC_FIELD Most relevant academic field(s). SUBJECT_OTHER Miscellaneous tags/keywords (e.g. IGY). SUBJECT_SEASON Season of creation and season(s) mentioned in interview (if reasonable). DATE_SEASON Season of interview. DATE_SEASON_YYYY Year of interview. Date Time Format: YYYY DATE_EXACT Date of interview. Date Time Format: DD/MM/YYYY DATE_DIGITAL Date digitized. DESCRIPTION Additional notes. FORMAT File format (PDF and/or WAV). DIGITIZATION_SPECIFICATIONS N/A CONTRIBUTOR Person(s) who went to the archive. TYPE Environmental history resource type (i.e., Interview). COUNTRY Countries related to the resource. LANGUAGE Language(s) related to the resource. RELATION Identifier number(s) of related resource(s). SOURCE N/A PUBLISHER U.S. National Science Foundation. BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CITATION Full bibliographic citation (Chicago style). RIGHTS Copyright (copyright holder). Also note any special requirements. DBF https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_INTERVIEWS_0.csv https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_MAPS_0.csv EH_MAPS eng; US McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER EH_MAPS Data Source Definition : EH - Maps Number of Header Lines : 1 Orientation : Column Quote Character : "Field Delimiter : , false DATASET_CODE Internal code. IDENTIFIER Internal code. TITLE Name given to resource. CONTENT N/A CONTENT_URL Link to content on MCM Environmental History website. CREATOR Primary author. CREATOR_OTHER Other authors (in order). SUBJECT_PLACE Primary focus of map (e.g., Taylor Valley). COVERAGE_LAT Latitude (Y coordinate). COVERAGE_LON Longitude (X coordinate). SUBJECT_ASSOCIATED_PLACES Other places on map. SUBJECT_PEOPLE N/A SUBJECT_ACADEMIC_FIELD Most relevant academic field(s). SUBJECT_OTHER Miscellaneous tags/keywords (e.g. IGY). SUBJECT_SEASON Season of creation and season(s) mentioned in map (if reasonable). DATE_SEASON Season of creation/publication. DATE_SEASON_YYYY Year of creation/publication. Date Time Format: YYYY DATE_EXACT Date of creation/publication. Date Time Format: DD/MM/YYYY DATE_DIGITAL Date digitized. DESCRIPTION Additional notes. FORMAT File format (PDF or PNG). DIGITIZATION_SPECIFICATIONS DPI CONTRIBUTOR Digitizer. TYPE Environmental history resource type (i.e., Map). COUNTRY Countries related to the resource. LANGUAGE Language(s) related to the resource. RELATION Identifier number(s) of related resource(s). SOURCE Archival reference (if appropriate). PUBLISHER Name of archive/publication/publisher. BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CITATION Full bibliographic citation (Chicago style). RIGHTS Copyright (copyright holder). Also note any special requirements. DBF https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_MAPS_0.csv https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_PHOTOGRAPHS_0.csv EH_PHOTOGRAPHS eng; US McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER EH_PHOTOGRAPHS Data Source Definition : EH - Photographs Number of Header Lines : 1 Orientation : Column Quote Character : "Field Delimiter : , false DATASET_CODE Internal code. IDENTIFIER Internal code. TITLE Name given to resource. CONTENT N/A. CONTENT_URL Link to content on MCM Environmental History website. CREATOR Photographer. CREATOR_OTHER N/A. SUBJECT_PLACE Primary place in image (prioritize human structures). COVERAGE_LAT Latitude (Y coordinate). COVERAGE_LON Longitude (X coordinate). SUBJECT_ASSOCIATED_PLACES Other places in image. SUBJECT_PEOPLE People in photograph (left to right). SUBJECT_ACADEMIC_FIELD Most relevant academic field(s). SUBJECT_OTHER Miscellaneous tags/keywords (e.g. IGY). SUBJECT_SEASON Season of creation. DATE_SEASON Season of creation. DATE_SEASON_YYYY Year of creation. Date Time Format: YYYY DATE_EXACT Date of creation. Date Time Format: DD/MM/YYYY DATE_DIGITAL Date digitized. DESCRIPTION Additional notes. FORMAT File format (PNG or JPG). DIGITIZATION_SPECIFICATIONS DPI. CONTRIBUTOR Digitizer. TYPE Environmental history resource type (i.e., Photograph). COUNTRY Countries related to the resource. LANGUAGE Language(s) related to the resource. RELATION Identifier number(s) of related resource(s). SOURCE Archival reference (if appropriate). PUBLISHER Name of archive/publication/publisher (if appropriate). BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CITATION Full bibliographic citation (Chicago style). RIGHTS Copyright (copyright holder). Also note any special requirements. DBF https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_PHOTOGRAPHS_0.csv https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_SKETCHES_0.csv EH_SKETCHES eng; US McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER EH_SKETCHES Data Source Definition : EH - Sketches Number of Header Lines : 1 Orientation : Column Quote Character : "Field Delimiter : , false DATASET_CODE Internal code. IDENTIFIER Internal code. TITLE Name given to resource. CONTENT N/A. CONTENT_URL Link to content on MCM Environmental History website. CREATOR Primary author. CREATOR_OTHER Other authors (in order). SUBJECT_PLACE Primary place in image (prioritize human structures). COVERAGE_LAT Latitude (Y coordinate). COVERAGE_LON Longitude (X coordinate). SUBJECT_ASSOCIATED_PLACES Other places in image. SUBJECT_PEOPLE People in sketch (left to right). SUBJECT_ACADEMIC_FIELD Most relevant academic field(s). SUBJECT_OTHER Miscellaneous tags/keywords (e.g. IGY). SUBJECT_SEASON Season of creation. DATE_SEASON Season of creation. DATE_SEASON_YYYY Year of creation. Date Time Format: YYYY DATE_EXACT Date of creation. Date Time Format: DD/MM/YYYY DATE_DIGITAL Date digitized. DESCRIPTION Additional notes. FORMAT File format (PNG). DIGITIZATION_SPECIFICATIONS DPI. CONTRIBUTOR Digitizer. TYPE Environmental history resource type (i.e., Sketch). COUNTRY Countries related to the resource. LANGUAGE Language(s) related to the resource. RELATION Identifier number(s) of related resource(s). SOURCE Archival reference (if appropriate). PUBLISHER Name of archive/publication/publisher (if appropriate). BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CITATION Full bibliographic citation (Chicago style). RIGHTS Copyright (copyright holder). Also note any special requirements. DBF https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/EH_SKETCHES_0.csv dataset Using bibliographies of MDV publications (including grey literature) (Antarctic Division, D.S.I.R., 1985; Mead, 1978; New Zealand Antarctic Programme, 1995), recommendations from other researchers, and outreach to "Old Antarctic Explorer" organizations, we compiled a list of individuals who have worked in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. We then contacted these individuals with requests for historical photographs and documents related to the MDV (Fig. 1). When we received interested replies, we collected the data using one of the following approaches. If data (especially photographs) were already available in digital format, we arranged for files to be sent to us electronically. When data were not available digitally, we either arranged for the contributors to digitize their documents locally through commercial scanning services, or we visited the researchers in person with a scanner (either a slide scanner or a flatbed scanner depending on the nature of the data). The in-person visits also facilitated oral history interviews with researchers, which we recorded, transcribed, and included in the archive (Fig. 2).In addition to individuals, we also worked with universities, libraries, archives, and national Antarctic programs. Sometimes data were already easily accessible online, such as the Antarctica New Zealand's digital photograph collection (Antarctica New Zealand, 2017). More often, however, data were only available in non-digital formats, in which case we followed a digitization process similar to our work with the individual researchers. Metadata Access Constraints: none Metadata Use Constraints: none annually McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER http://mcmlter.org/ pointOfContact