Anna T. WrightMichael N. GooseffKathleen A. Welch 2023-10-12 tabular digitial data McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER 10.6073/pasta/cdcf5bc9075d25730861403ce14e3f58 https://mcm.lternet.edu/content/physical-and-chemical-characteristics-stream-associated-snow-patches-fryxell-basin-mcmurdo Snow patches within and adjacent to stream channels in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley, Antarctica were sampled during the 2021-2022 austral summer as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research program. This data package includes snow pit measurements (snow temperature, depth, density, and water equivalent) as well as chemical characteristics of snow samples that were analyzed for nutrient, cation, and anion concentrations. 2021-11-23 2021-12-23 ground condition This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation grants #OPP-1637708 and #OPP-2224760 for Long Term Ecological Research. As needed This is the Taylor Valley, a subjectively approximated contour by San Gil. We use this to denote the geographical extent of studies that encompass the whole Taylor Valley.According to Wiki contributors, the Taylor Valley is the southernmost of the three large Dry Valleys in the Transantarctic Mountains, Victoria Land, located west of McMurdo Sound. The valley extends from Taylor Glacier in the west to McMurdo Sound at Explorers Cove at the northwest head of New Harbour in the east and is about 29 kilometres (18 mi) long. It was once occupied by the receding Taylor Glacier, from which it derives its name. Taylor Valley contains Lake Bonney in the west (inward), and Lake Fryxell in the east (coastward), and Lake Hoare, Lake Chad, Mummy Pond and Parera Pond close together between the two. Further east of Lake Bonney is Pearse Valley. Taylor Valley is separated from Wright Valley in the north by Asgard Range, and from Ferrar Glacier in the south by Kukri Hills. 163.624877929690 161.707763671880 -77.519802097166 -77.808487073526 LTER Core Areas inorganic nutrients None <cntperp> <cntper>McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER Information Manager</cntper> </cntperp> <cntemail>im@mcmlter.org</cntemail> Name: Abigail C. Jackson Role: field crew Name: Mia Vanderwilt Role: field crew Name: Renée F. Brown Role: data manager Not Applicable Not Applicable Field and/or Lab Methods Measurements for snow pits dug across Taylor Valley were obtained for this dataset during November and December of the 2021-2022 field season. Snow patches were specifically sampled early in the year before the streams had started to flow. Snow pits were dug both within stream channels and adjacent to stream channels for 10 streams across Lake Fryxell Basin and Commonwealth Stream in Taylor Valley. Snow depth of each pit was recorded and snow density was measured using a snow cutter of known volume and a spring scale. Snow density and snow depth was then used to calculate snow water equivalent (SWE) of each snow patch sampled. Snow samples for each pit were also collected using a snow core device. The snow samples were put in a whirlpack bag and transported back to the field laboratory at F6 camp. At F6, samples were melted and filtered for nutrient, cation, and anion analysis. Because not all samples had enough water for all analysis, nutrient analysis was prioritized and anions/cations were not able to be run for every sample. For anions and cations, 50 mls (for each) of the melted snow water was filtered through a Nucleopore (0.4 µm) filter. The filtrate was saved and stored at +4 °C for future analysis. For nutrients, 100 ml of raw melted snow sample was filtered through an ashed GF/C filter. The filtrate was saved and frozen at -20 °C for future analysis. All analysis was run by the MCM LTER at the Crary Laboratory at McMurdo Station or at the University of Colorado Boulder, in the same way that stream water samples are rum as part of the long-term sample collection for the MCM LTER. Anions and cations were run in the Crary Laboratory at McMurdo Station between 2021-12-03 and 2022-01-14 with a dilution factor of 1. Nutrients (N &amp; SRP) were run at the University of Colorado Boulder on 2022-06-07. Measurements for snow pits dug across Taylor Valley were obtained for this dataset during November and December of the 2021-2022 field season. Snow patches were specifically sampled early in the year before the streams had started to flow. Snow pits were dug both within stream channels and adjacent to stream channels for 10 streams across Lake Fryxell Basin and Commonwealth Stream in Taylor Valley. Snow depth of each pit was recorded and snow density was measured using a snow cutter of known volume and a spring scale. Snow density and snow depth was then used to calculate snow water equivalent (SWE) of each snow patch sampled.Snow samples for each pit were also collected using a snow core device. The snow samples were put in a whirlpack bag and transported back to the field laboratory at F6 camp. At F6, samples were melted and filtered for nutrient, cation, and anion analysis. Because not all samples had enough water for all analysis, nutrient analysis was prioritized and anions/cations were not able to be run for every sample. For anions and cations, 50 mls (for each) of the melted snow water was filtered through a Nucleopore (0.4 µm) filter. The filtrate was saved and stored at +4 °C for future analysis. For nutrients, 100 ml of raw melted snow sample was filtered through an ashed GF/C filter. The filtrate was saved and frozen at -20 °C for future analysis.All analysis was run by the MCM LTER at the Crary Laboratory at McMurdo Station or at the University of Colorado Boulder, in the same way that stream water samples are rum as part of the long-term sample collection for the MCM LTER. Anions and cations were run in the Crary Laboratory at McMurdo Station between 2021-12-03 and 2022-01-14 with a dilution factor of 1. Nutrients (N & SRP) were run at the University of Colorado Boulder on 2022-06-07. unknown snowpatch Dataset code Internal dataset code. The data provider Internal dataset code. Sample ID Unique sample identifier. The data provider Unique sample identifier. Stream Name Name of the stream where the sample was collected. The data provider Name of the stream where the sample was collected. Date Sampled Date sample was collected. The data provider calendar date/time YYYY-MM-DD gregorian calendar Stream Flow Was the stream flowing at the time of sample collection? The data provider Was the stream flowing at the time of sample collection? Patch Location Location of the snow patch in relation to the stream, i.e., in the stream channel, adjacent to the stream, or on the eastern or western side of the stream channel. The data provider Location of the snow patch in relation to the stream, i.e., in the stream channel, adjacent to the stream, or on the eastern or western side of the stream channel. Patch Number Patch identifier. The data provider Patch identifier. Replicate Patch replicate identifier. The data provider Patch replicate identifier. Latitude Latitude of sample in decimal degrees. The data provider Latitude of sample in decimal degrees. Longitude Longitude of sample in decimal degrees. The data provider Longitude of sample in decimal degrees. Snow Depth Depth of snow pit. The data provider centimeter Snow Temperature Temperature of the snow pit. The data provider celsius Snow Weight Weight of the snow sample. Measured in the field. The data provider gram (g) Top Layer Snow Weight Weight of the top layer of the snow sample if different than the bottom layer. Measured in the field. The data provider gram (g) Snow Cutter Volume Volume of the snow cutter used for calculating the snow water equivalent (SWE) of the sample. The data provider cubicCentimeter (cm3) Snow Density Snow density, calculated from measured snow weight and cutter volume. The data provider gramsPerCubicCentimeter (g/cm3) Snow Water Equivalent Snow water equivalent (SWE), calculated from snow density and snow depth. The data provider centimeter Bromine Bromine concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Calcium Calcium concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Chloride Chloride concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Fluorine Fluorine concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Potassium Potassium concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Lithium Lithium concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Magnesium Magnesium concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Sodium Sodium concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Sulfate Sulfate concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Ammonium Ammonium concentration of the sample in milligrams per liter. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Ammonium Ammonium concentration of the sample in micromoles. The data provider micromoles (μmol) Nitrite Nitrite concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Nitrate Nitrate concentration of the sample, calculated by subtracting NO2 from Net N. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Net Nitrogen Net nitrogen concentration of the sample. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Soluble Reactive Phosphorus Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentration of the sample in milligrams per liter. The data provider milligramsPerLiter Soluble Reactive Phosphorus Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentration of the sample in micromoles. The data provider micromoles (μmol) Sampling Remarks Remarks about field sampling. The data provider Remarks about field sampling. Analysis Remarks Remarks about lab analysis. The data provider Remarks about lab analysis. McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER The data distributor shall not be liable for innacuracies in the content http 1 0 1 column , https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/mcmlter-strm-snowpatch-20231020_0.csv None 2023-10-12 2023-10-12 McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER http://mcmlter.org/ Biological Data Profile of the Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata devised by the Federal Geographic Data Committee. Drupal Ecological information Management Systems, version D7, Biological Data Profile module